Editing Cubism (section)

===Czech Cubist architecture===
[[File:Dům U černé Matky Boží 02.JPG|thumb|[[House of the Black Madonna]] in Prague, built by [[Josef Gočár]] in 1912|left]]
{{main|Czech Cubism|Rondocubism}}
The original Cubist architecture is very rare. Cubism was applied to architecture only in [[Bohemia]] (today [[Czech Republic]]) and especially in its capital, [[Prague]].<ref name=bonek>{{cite book|last1=Boněk|first1=Jan|title=Cubist Prague|date=2014|publisher=Eminent|location=Prague|isbn=978-80-7281-469-5|page=9}}</ref><ref name=cztourism>{{cite web|title=Cubism|url=https://www.czechtourism.com/p/cubism-editorial/|website=www.czechtourism.com|publisher=CzechTourism|access-date=1 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016060851/https://www.czechtourism.com/p/cubism-editorial/|archive-date=16 October 2015}}</ref> Czech architects were the first and only ones to ever design original Cubist buildings.<ref name=radioprague>{{cite web|title=Cubist architecture|url=http://www.radio.cz/en/static/inventors/cubism|website=www.radio.cz|publisher=Radio Prague|access-date=1 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911055421/http://www.radio.cz/en/static/inventors/cubism|archive-date=11 September 2015}}</ref> Cubist architecture flourished for the most part between 1910 and 1914, but the Cubist or Cubism-influenced buildings were also built after [[World War I]]. After the war, the architectural style called ''Rondo-Cubism'' was developed in Prague fusing the Cubist architecture with round shapes.<ref name=czkubista>{{cite web|title=Czech Cubism|url=http://www.kubista.cz/en/cubism/profiles.html#|website=www.kubista.cz|publisher=Kubista|access-date=1 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008123014/http://www.kubista.cz/en/cubism/profiles.html|archive-date=8 October 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Vyšehrad_Kovařovicova_vila_7.jpg|thumb|Villa Kovařovic in Prague by [[Josef Chochol]]]]
In their theoretical rules, the Cubist architects expressed the requirement of dynamism, which would surmount the matter and calm contained in it, through a creative idea, so that the result would evoke feelings of dynamism and expressive plasticity in the viewer. This should be achieved by shapes derived from pyramids, cubes and prisms, by arrangements and compositions of oblique surfaces, mainly triangular, sculpted facades in protruding crystal-like units, reminiscent of the so-called [[diamond cut]], or even cavernous that are reminiscent of the late [[Gothic architecture]]. In this way, the entire surfaces of the facades including even the gables and dormers are sculpted. The grilles as well as other architectural ornaments attain a three-dimensional form. Thus, new forms of windows and doors were also created, e. g. [[hexagonal window]]s.<ref name=czkubista/> Czech Cubist architects also designed Cubist furniture.

The leading Cubist architects were [[Pavel Janák]], [[Josef Gočár]], [[Vlastislav Hofman]], [[Emil Králíček]] and [[Josef Chochol]].<ref name=czkubista/> They worked mostly in Prague but also in other Bohemian towns. The best-known Cubist building is the [[House of the Black Madonna]] in the [[Old Town of Prague]] built in 1912 by Josef Gočár with the only Cubist café in the world, Grand Café Orient.<ref name=bonek/> Vlastislav Hofman built the entrance pavilions of [[Ďáblice cemetery|Ďáblice Cemetery]] in 1912–1914, Josef Chochol designed several residential houses under [[Vyšehrad]]. A Cubist streetlamp has also been preserved near the [[Wenceslas Square]], designed by Emil Králíček in 1912, who also built the Diamond House in the [[New Town of Prague]] around 1913.