Editing Corps (section)

====Soviet Union====
{{further|Formations of the Soviet Army}}
{{More citations needed section|date=July 2010}}
The pre–[[World War II]] [[Red Army]] of the former [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|USSR]] had [[Rifle Corps (Soviet)|rifle corps]] much like in the Western sense with approximately three divisions to a corps.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/012_ussr/41_oob/__stavka_41.html |title=Eve of war Soviet structure |access-date=3 February 2016 |archive-date=10 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160210013514/http://www.niehorster.org/012_ussr/41_oob/__stavka_41.html |url-status=live }}</ref> However, after the war started, the recently purged Soviet senior command ([[Stavka]]) structure was apparently unable to handle the formations, and the armies and corps were integrated. Rifle corps were re-established during the war after [[Red Army]] commanders had gained experience handling larger formations. Before and during World War II, however, Soviet armoured units were organized into corps. The pre-war [[Mechanized Corps (Soviet)|mechanized corps]] were made up of divisions. In the reorganizations, these "corps" were reorganized into tank [[brigade]]s and support units, with no division structure. Owing to this, they are sometimes, informally, referred to as "brigade buckets".

After the war, the tank and mechanized corps were re-rated as divisions. During the reforms of 1956–58, most of the corps were again disbanded to create the new combined arms and tank armies. A few corps were nevertheless retained. The Vyborg and Archangel Corps of the [[Leningrad Military District]] were smaller armies with three low-readiness motorized rifle divisions each. In the 1980s "Unified Corps" on the brigade pattern were created in the [[Belorussian Military District]] (Western TVD/Strategic Direction) and the [[48th Separate Guards Army Corps]] in the [[Transbaikal Military District]], but abandoned after a few years.

The [[Soviet Air Forces]] used ground terminology for its formations down to squadron level. As intermediates between the [[aviation division]] and the air army were corps—these also had three air divisions each.

=====Air Defence Corps=====
An Air Defence Corps ('KPVO') is an operational-tactical formation (in the past - the highest tactical formation) of the former [[Soviet Air Defence Forces]] and now [[Russian Air Defence Forces]]/Aerospace Forces. The purpose of the such a corps is to protect important administrative, industrial and economic centers and regions of the country, groupings of troops (forces) and military facilities within the established limits of responsibility against air strikes. In organizational terms, an air defence corps is part of the district (or a separate army) of the Air Defence Forces. Also some air defence corps were separate.
 
On the basis of individual corps, ''air defence zones'' or ''air defence corps areas'' could be created. The first ''KPVO'' were created in February 1938 for the air defence of [[Moscow]], [[Leningrad]] and [[Baku]] (respectively 1st, 2nd and 3rd) based on anti-aircraft artillery divisions and air defence brigade (''3rd KPVO''). The staff of the ''KPVO'' included: 4-6 anti-aircraft artillery regiments, 1 anti-aircraft machine-gun regiment, 1 searchlight regiment (or battalion), 1-2 regiments (or divisions) [[barrage balloon]]s, 1- 2 regiments (or battalions) of visual observation, warning and communications ([[VNOS]]), and a separate communications battalion. From September 1938 to November 1940, the ''KPVO'' also included 1-2 regiments (battalions) of local air defence.
 
During the Great Patriotic War from November 1941 to April 1944 the air defence corps were renamed into air defence corps areas (such as the [[Stalingrad Corps Region]]). The corps districts included up to 9 anti-aircraft artillery regiments and 14 separate anti-aircraft artillery battalions, up to 3 anti-aircraft machine-gun regiments, 1 searchlight regiment, 1 regiment (or division) of barrage balloons, up to 4 regiments (or separate battalions) VNOS, and a communications regiment (or a separate battalion). In 1945, air defence corps could include 1 anti-aircraft artillery brigade or division.

Air defence fighters operating within the limits of responsibility of the ''KPVO'' was transferred to the corps. By the end of the war, there were 14 ''KPVO'' in the Active Army, of which 5 corps continued to carry out the tasks assigned to them even after the war, and the rest of the corps were disbanded.

In July 1947, all ''KPVO'' were renamed anti-aircraft artillery corps. In January 1949, part of these corps was reorganized into ''air defence areas.'' From December 1948 to January 1949, all anti-aircraft artillery corps were disbanded.

In June 1954, for the defense of the main industrial and economic centers and regions of the USSR, 10 air defence corps were re-created. At the same time, in addition to anti-aircraft artillery formations, fighter aviation regiments and divisions were included in the corps. Since the late 1950s, anti-aircraft artillery units have been replaced by anti-aircraft missile formations and formations of radio engineering troops. Searchlight and barrage balloon units were also abolished.

In the [[Warsaw Pact]] countries, groupings similar to the Soviet air defence corps were also created. In June–July 1960, all ''KPVO'' were enlarged and consisted of: anti-aircraft missile regiments and brigades, air defense fighter regiments, radio engineering regiments and brigades, separate [[electronic warfare]] battalions, regiments and battalions of communications and logistics institutions.<ref name="ВЭ-4">{{cite book|editor=Сергеев, Игорь Дмитриевич [Sergeev I.D.]|title=Military Encyclopedia, Volume 4, article "Corps"|place=Moscow.|publisher=[[Voenizdat]]|date=1999|pages=204–209|isbn=5-203-01655-0}}</ref><ref name="СВЭ-4">{{cite book|editor=[[Nikolai Ogarkov]] |title=Советская военная энциклопедия в 8-ми томах (2-е издание), Том 4, статьи Корпус, Корпус ПВО [Soviet Military Encyclopedia in 8 volumes (2nd Edition), Volume 4, articles "Corps" and "Air Defence Corps."] |place=Moscow |publisher=[[Voenizdat]] |date=1977 |pages=372–373}}</ref>