Editing Constipation (section)

===Laxatives===
If [[laxatives]] are used, [[milk of magnesia]] or [[polyethylene glycol]] are recommended as first-line agents due to their low cost and safety.<ref name=AGA2013/> Stimulants should only be used if this is not effective.<ref name=AGA2000/> In cases of chronic constipation, polyethylene glycol appears superior to [[lactulose]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee-Robichaud H, Thomas K, Morgan J, Nelson RL | title = Lactulose versus Polyethylene Glycol for Chronic Constipation. | journal = Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 7 | pages = CD007570 | date = 7 July 2010 | pmid = 20614462 | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD007570.pub2}}</ref> [[Prokinetic agent|Prokinetic]]s may be used to improve gastrointestinal motility. A number of new agents have shown positive outcomes in chronic constipation; these include [[prucalopride]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Camilleri M, Deiteren A | title = Prucalopride for constipation | journal = Expert Opin Pharmacother | volume = 11 | issue = 3 | pages = 451–61 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20102308 | doi = 10.1517/14656560903567057 | s2cid = 207478370 }}</ref> and [[lubiprostone]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Barish CF, Drossman D, Johanson JF, Ueno R | title = Efficacy and safety of lubiprostone in patients with chronic constipation | journal = Dig. Dis. Sci. | volume = 55 | issue = 4 | pages = 1090–7 | date = April 2010 | pmid = 20012484 | doi = 10.1007/s10620-009-1068-x | s2cid = 23450010 }}</ref> [[Cisapride]] is widely available in third world countries, but has been withdrawn in most of the west. It has not been shown to have a benefit on constipation, while potentially causing cardiac arrhythmias and deaths.<ref>{{Cite journal|issue = 1|pages = CD007780|last1=Aboumarzouk|first1=Omar M|last2=Agarwal|first2=Trisha|last3=Antakia|first3=Ramez|last4=Shariff|first4=Umar|last5=Nelson|first5=Richard L|date=2011-01-19|language=en|doi=10.1002/14651858.cd007780.pub2|pmid = 21249695|title = Cisapride for Intestinal Constipation|journal = Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews}}</ref>