Editing Constantinople (section)

=== 1453–1930: Ottoman and Republican Kostantiniyye ===
{{Expand section|the history of Constantinople during the Ottoman era in general and during the Republican era in the 1920s, not just during the 1450s.|date=October 2021|talksection=In regards to point of view on Ottoman era|small=no|period=no}}{{Main|History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire}}
[[File:Galata_Kulesi_-_01.jpg|left|thumb|[[Galata Tower]], the Romanesque style tower was built as Christea Turris (Tower of Christ) in 1348 during an expansion of the Genoese colony in Constantinople.]]

The Christian Orthodox city of Constantinople was now under Ottoman control. As tradition followed for the region, Ottoman soldiers had three days to pillage the city. When [[Mehmed II]] on the second day entered Constantinople through the Gate of Charisius (today known as [[Edirnekapı]] or Adrianople Gate), it is said that first thing he did was ride his horse to [[Hagia Sophia]], which was not in good shape even though it was avoided in the pillage by strict orders. Displeased by the pillaging, Mehmed II ordered it to end, for it will be the capital of his empire. He then ordered that an [[imam]] meet him in Hagia Sophia in order to chant the [[adhan]] thus transforming the [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Orthodox]] cathedral into a Muslim [[mosque]],<ref name="ReferenceB">Mansel, Philip. ''[[Constantinople: City of the World's Desire]]''. Penguin History Travel, {{ISBN|0-14-026246-6}}. p. 1.</ref><ref>Lewis, Bernard. Istanbul and the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire. 1, University of Oklahoma Press, 1963. p. 6</ref> solidifying [[Islam]]ic rule in Constantinople.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Calian |first=Florin George |date=2021-03-25 |title=The Hagia Sophia and Turkey's Neo-Ottomanism |url=https://armenianweekly.com/2021/03/24/the-hagia-sophia-and-turkeys-neo-ottomanism/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105091803/https://armenianweekly.com/2021/03/24/the-hagia-sophia-and-turkeys-neo-ottomanism/ |archive-date=2021-11-05 |website=The Armenian Weekly |language=en-US}}</ref>

Mehmed's main concern with Constantinople had to do with consolidating control over the city and rebuilding its defenses. After 45,000 captives were marched from the city, building projects were commenced immediately after the conquest, which included the repair of the walls, construction of the citadel, and building a new palace.<ref name="Inalcik, Halil 1969, p. 236">Inalcik, Halil. "The Policy of Mehmed II toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 23, (1969): 229–249. p. 236</ref> Mehmed issued orders across his empire that Muslims, Christians, and Jews should resettle the city, with Christians and Jews required to pay ''jizya'' and Muslims pay Zakat; he demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September.<ref name="Inalcik, Halil 1969, p. 236" /> From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called "Sürgün" in Turkish ({{langx|el|σουργούνιδες}}).<ref name="mw28">Müller-Wiener (1977), p. 28</ref> Two centuries later, Ottoman traveler [[Evliya Çelebi]] gave a list of groups introduced into the city with their respective origins. Even today, many quarters of [[Istanbul]], such as [[Aksaray, Istanbul|Aksaray]], [[Çarşamba, Istanbul|Çarşamba]], bear the names of the places of origin of their inhabitants.<ref name="mw28" /> However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmed allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city.<ref name="mw28" />