Editing Cognitive behavioral therapy (section)

====Smoking cessation====
CBT looks at the habit of smoking cigarettes as a learned behavior, which later evolves into a coping strategy to handle daily stressors. Since smoking is often easily accessible and quickly allows the user to feel good, it can take precedence over other coping strategies, and eventually work its way into everyday life during non-stressful events as well. CBT aims to target the function of the behavior, as it can vary between individuals, and works to inject other coping mechanisms in place of smoking. CBT also aims to support individuals with strong cravings, which are a major reported reason for relapse during treatment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abct.org/Information/?m=mInformation&fa=fs_TOBACCO|title=Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies; Tobacco Dependence |website=Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies|date=11 March 2021 }}</ref>

A 2008 controlled study out of Stanford University School of Medicine suggested CBT may be an effective tool to help maintain abstinence. The results of 304 random adult participants were tracked over the course of one year. During this program, some participants were provided medication, CBT, 24-hour phone support, or some combination of the three methods. At 20 weeks, the participants who received CBT had a 45% abstinence rate, versus non-CBT participants, who had a 29% abstinence rate. Overall, the study concluded that emphasizing cognitive and behavioral strategies to support smoking cessation can help individuals build tools for long term smoking abstinence.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Killen JD, Fortmann SP, Schatzberg AF, Arredondo C, Murphy G, Hayward C, Celio M, Cromp D, Fong D, Pandurangi M | display-authors = 6 | title = Extended cognitive behavior therapy for cigarette smoking cessation | journal = Addiction | volume = 103 | issue = 8 | pages = 1381–1390 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18855829 | pmc = 4119230 | doi = 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02273.x }}</ref>

Mental health history can affect the outcomes of treatment. Individuals with a history of depressive disorders had a lower rate of success when using CBT alone to combat smoking addiction.<ref name="pmid12924670">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hitsman B, Borrelli B, McChargue DE, Spring B, Niaura R | title = History of depression and smoking cessation outcome: a meta-analysis | journal = Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology | volume = 71 | issue = 4 | pages = 657–663 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 12924670 | doi = 10.1037/0022-006X.71.4.657 | s2cid = 524006 | url = http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1261&context=psychfacpub }}</ref>

A 2019 Cochrane review was unable to find sufficient evidence to differentiate effects between CBT and hypnosis for smoking cessation and highlighted that a review of the current research showed variable results for both modalities.<ref name="pmid31198991">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barnes J, McRobbie H, Dong CY, Walker N, Hartmann-Boyce J | title = Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 6 | pages = CD001008 | date = June 2019 | pmid = 31198991 | pmc = 6568235 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001008.pub3 }}</ref>