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===20th century=== [[Alberto Santos-Dumont]], after being considered a spy by the French government in 1914 and then having this deception excused by the police, he destroyed all his aeronautical documents.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Hoffman |first=Paul |url=https://archive.org/details/wingsofmadnessal0000hoff |title=Wings of Madness |publisher=[[Hachette Books|Hyperion Books]] |year=2003 |isbn=0-7868-8571-8 |page=277 |author-link=Paul Hoffman (science writer) |url-access=registration}}</ref> The following year, according to the afterword to the historical novel "De gevleugelde," [[Arthur Japin]] says that when Dumont returned to Brazil, he "burned all his diaries, letters and drawings."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Japin |first=Arthur |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1063970649 |title=O homem com asas |date=2016 |publisher=Planeta do Brasil |isbn=978-85-422-0754-5 |location=São Paulo |page=285 |language=pt-br |translator-last=do Amaral |translator-first=Cristiano Zwiesele |oclc=1063970649 |author-link=Arthur Japin |access-date=7 June 2022 |archive-date=7 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607185556/https://www.worldcat.org/title/homem-com-asas/oclc/1063970649 |url-status=live}}</ref> After [[Hector Hugh Munro]] (better known by the [[pen name]] ''Saki'') was killed in [[World War I]] in November 1916, his sister Ethel destroyed most of his papers. There is substantial evidence that Finnish composer [[Jean Sibelius]] worked on an Eighth Symphony. He promised the premiere of this symphony to [[Serge Koussevitzky]] in 1931 and 1932, and a London performance in 1933 under [[Basil Cameron]] was even advertised to the public. However, no such symphony was ever performed, and the only concrete evidence of the symphony's existence on paper is a 1933 bill for a fair copy of the first movement and short draft fragments first published and played in 2011.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kilpeläinen |first=Kari |date=1995-12-01 |title=Sibelius Eight. What happened to it? |url=http://www.fmq.fi/1995/12/sibelius-eight-what-happened-to-it/ |url-status=live |journal=Finnish Music Quarterly |issue=4 |issn=0782-1069 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305041724/http://www.fmq.fi/1995/12/sibelius-eight-what-happened-to-it/ |archive-date=2016-03-05 |access-date=2015-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sirén |first=Vesa |author-link=:fi:Vesa Sirén |date=2011-10-30 |title=Is this the sound of Sibelius's lost Eighth Symphony? |work=[[Helsingin Sanomat#Helsingin Sanomat International Edition|Helsingin Sanomat International Edition]] |url=http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Is+this+the+sound+of+Sibeliuss+lost+Eighth+Symphony/1135269867060 |url-status=dead |access-date=2014-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122151341/http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Is+this+the+sound+of+Sibeliuss+lost+Eighth+Symphony/1135269867060 |archive-date=2014-01-22 |issn=1239-257X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sirén |first=Vesa |author-link=:fi:Vesa Sirén |date=2011-10-30 |title=Soiko HS.fi:n videolla Sibeliuksen kadonnut sinfonia? |language=fi |work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |url=http://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/a1305548269034 |url-status=dead |access-date=2015-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217084022/http://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/a1305548269034 |archive-date=2015-02-17 |issn=1239-257X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Stearns |first=David Patrick |date=2012-01-03 |title=One last Sibelius symphony after all? |work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |url=http://articles.philly.com/2012-01-03/entertainment/30583650_1_finnish-composer-jean-sibelius-symphony-helsinki-philharmonic |url-status=dead |access-date=2015-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070221/http://articles.philly.com/2012-01-03/entertainment/30583650_1_finnish-composer-jean-sibelius-symphony-helsinki-philharmonic |archive-date=2016-03-04 |issn=2165-1728}}</ref> Sibelius had always been quite self-critical; he remarked to his close friends, "If I cannot write a better symphony than my Seventh, then it shall be my last." Since no manuscript survives, sources consider it likely that Sibelius destroyed most traces of the score, probably in 1945, during which year he certainly consigned a great many papers to the flames.<ref>{{cite web |title=The war and the destruction of the eighth symphony 1939–1945 |work=Jean Sibelius |publisher=Finnish Club of Helsinki |url=http://www.sibelius.fi/english/elamankaari/sib_kahdeksannen_tuhoaminen.htm |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208192801/http://www.sibelius.fi/english/elamankaari/sib_kahdeksannen_tuhoaminen.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Aino, Sibelius' wife, recalled that "In the 1940s there was a great [[auto da fé]] at [[Ainola]] [where the Sibelius couple lived]. My husband collected a number of the manuscripts in a laundry basket and burned them on the open fire in the dining room. Parts of the ''[[Karelia Suite]]'' were destroyed – I later saw remains of the pages which had been torn out – and many other things. I did not have the strength to be present and left the room. I therefore do not know what he threw on to the fire. But after this my husband became calmer and gradually lighter in mood." It is assumed that a draft of Sibelius' Eighth Symphony - which he worked on in the early 1930s but with which he was not satisfied - was among the papers destroyed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ross |first=Alex |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/236120279 |title=The rest is noise : listening to the twentieth century |date=2008 |publisher=[[Harper Perennial]] |isbn=978-1-84115-476-3 |edition=3rd |location=London |oclc=236120279 |access-date=7 June 2022 |archive-date=7 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607185533/https://www.worldcat.org/title/rest-is-noise-listening-to-the-twentieth-century/oclc/236120279 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Joe Shuster]], who together with [[Jerry Siegel]] created the fictional [[superhero]] [[Superman]], in 1938 burned the first Superman story when under the impression that it would not find a publisher. [[Axel Jensen]] made his debut as a novelist in [[Oslo]] in 1955 with the novel ''Dyretemmerens kors'', but he later burned the remaining unsold copies of the book. In August 1963, when [[C.S. Lewis]] resigned from [[Magdalene College, Cambridge]] and his rooms there were being cleaned out, Lewis gave instructions to [[Douglas Gresham]] to destroy all his unfinished or incomplete fragments of manuscript - which scholars researching Lewis' work regard as a grievous loss.<ref name="Lindskoog111-12">{{cite book |last=Lindskoog |first=Kathryn Ann |url=https://archive.org/details/sleuthingcslewis0000lind |title=Sleuthing C.S. Lewis: more Light in the shadowlands |publisher=[[Mercer University Press]] |year=2001 |isbn=9780865547308 |pages=111–12 |oclc=45963041 |author-link=Kathryn Lindskoog |url-access=registration}}</ref> In 1976 detractors of Venezuelan [[Liberalism|liberal]] writer [[Carlos Rangel]] publicly burned copies of his book ''[[From the Noble Savage to the Noble Revolutionary]]'' in the year of its publication at the [[Central University of Venezuela]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Pérez |first=Omar Alberto |title=Rangel, Carlos {{!}} Fundación Empresas Polar |url=https://bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org/dhv/entradas/r/rangel-carlos/ |access-date=2021-07-12 |website=Biblioteca de la Fundación Polar |language=es-ve |archive-date=3 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703124647/https://bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org/dhv/entradas/r/rangel-carlos/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Villasmil-Prieto |first=Gustavo J |date=2019-10-19 |title=El profesor judío, por Gustavo J. Villasmil Prieto |url=https://talcualdigital.com/el-profesor-judio-por-gustavo-j-villasmil-prieto/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503065625/https://talcualdigital.com/el-profesor-judio-por-gustavo-j-villasmil-prieto/ |archive-date=2022-05-03 |access-date=2021-07-12 |website=[[Tal Cual]] |language=es-ve}}</ref>
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