Editing Basilicata (section)

==Culture==
{{More citations needed section|date=February 2025}}
===Art===
[[File:Pittore di pisticci, pelike con due donne, 440-430 ac ca.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Lucanian red-figure [[pelike]] by the Pisticci Painter, {{circa|430 BC}}, Archaeological Museum "Domenico Ridola", Matera]]
[[Cave painting]]s were found in the Tuppo dei Sassi site (or Ranaldi shelter, after its discoverer Francesco Ranaldi, archaeologist and museum director), a prehistoric site in the [[Filiano]] territory, considered the oldest artistic trace in Basilicata. During the [[Greek colonisation]] era, artists like the [[Pisticci Painter]] and the [[Amykos Painter]] operated in the area of [[Metaponto]] around the 5th century BC. Metaponto is one of the largest and earliest Greek centres of vase painting in Italy;<ref>{{cite web|title=Lucanian red - figure nestoris|url=https://www.mfab.hu/artworks/lucanian-red-figure-nestoris/|website=mfab.hu|date=|accessdate=16 November 2020}}</ref> the [[Lucanian vase painting]] began around 430 BC, with the works of the Pisticci Painter. In the [[Armento]] area the [[Kritonios Crown]] and the [[Armento Rider]] were found, now exposed in [[Munich]] and [[London]] respectively.
[[File:達文西自畫像.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Lucan portrait of Leonardo da Vinci]], Museo delle Antiche Genti di Lucania, [[Vaglio Basilicata|Vaglio]]]]
The [[Jewish catacombs of Venosa]] are cited among the most significant signs of the Jewish presence in southern Italy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jewish Catacombs of Venosa|url=https://www.visitjewishitaly.it/en/listing/catacombe-ebraiche-di-venosa/|website=visitjewishitaly.it|date=|accessdate=23 February 2021}}</ref> Around the 7th century, [[basilian monk]]s settled in Basilicata, leaving a high concentration of [[rupestrian art|rupestrian churches]] (155 ascertained today), in Matera, Pollino and the [[Agri (river)|Agri]] and [[Sinni (river)|Sinni]] Valleys.<ref>{{cite web|title=An Artistic Profile|url=https://www.aptbasilicata.it/Profilo-artistico.48+M52087573ab0.0.html?&bowhzyumzmqsntfr|website=aptbasilicata.it|date=|accessdate=23 February 2021}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Frescoes from the [[Angevin Empire|Angevin period]] can be found in the [[Abbey of the Santissima Trinità (Venosa)|Abbey of the Santissima Trinità]] of Venosa, the Rupestrian churches of S. Mary of the Valley in Matera, S. Antuono in [[Oppido Lucano]], S. Lucia in [[Rapolla]] and S. Margherita in [[Melfi]].

The stone Nativity scene by [[Altobello Persio]] (1534) in the [[Matera Cathedral]] is an early example of [[Renaissance art]] in the region. Later Basilicata saw the imported and imitated art phenomenon with artists such as [[Giovanni Bellini]] and [[Cima da Conegliano]], and [[Flemish painting]] by [[Dirck Hendricksz]], [[Guglielmo Borremans]], [[Aert Mijtens]] among the others. Local painters such as [[Pietrafesa (painter)|Giovanni De Gregorio]], [[Andrea Miglionico]] and [[Carlo Sellitto]] had a Neapolitan school background. An [[Lucan portrait of Leonardo da Vinci|alleged portrait of Leonardo da Vinci]], dating back to the 1500s, was discovered in 2008, today exhibited in the Museo delle Antiche genti di Lucania, [[Vaglio Basilicata|Vaglio]].

Some artists from the 19th century include [[Vincenzo Marinelli]], [[Giacomo Di Chirico]] and [[Michele Tedesco]]. Several contemporary artists gained fame outside Italy, among them are worth to mention [[Marino Di Teana]], [[Eugenio Santoro]] and [[Joseph Stella]], sometimes cited as the first [[Futurism|futurist]] painter in America.<ref>{{cite web|title=Joseph Stella (1877-1946)
|url=https://www.sullivangoss.com/artists/joseph-stella-1877-1946|website=sullivangoss.com|date=|accessdate=16 November 2020}}</ref> During his exile under the [[fascist regime]], [[Carlo Levi]], a painting passionate, left many works, today exposed in Matera.

===Music===
{{Main article|Music of Basilicata}}
[[File:BOURCARD(1853) p1.192 - I VIGGIANESI.jpg|thumb|left|''I Viggianesi'', by [[Filippo Palizzi]], 1853]]
Although Basilicata hosted classical composers such as [[Carlo Gesualdo]] and [[Egidio Romualdo Duni]], the region is primarily identified in popular music, which reflects the humble living conditions of its inhabitants. The ''arpa viggianese'' (commonly known as ''arpicedda'') is a typical harp from [[Viggiano]] of average size, with a thin and light structure that makes it easier to carry; it was the distinctive instrument of [[street musician]]s from the [[Val d'Agri]] area in the past centuries, who wandered around the world and many of whom were admitted to [[symphony orchestra]]s. Today, Viggiano is remembered as the "City of Harp and Music".<ref>{{cite web|title=From local traditions to "augmented reality". The MUVIG museum of Viggiano (Italy)|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82776779.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190312101356/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82776779.pdf |archive-date=2019-03-12 |url-status=live|website=core.ac.uk|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> Other traditional instruments are [[cupa cupa]], [[zampogna]] and [[Piffero|ciaramella]].

During the emigration wave of the late 19th century, some composers gained recognition in [[North America]]: [[Leonardo De Lorenzo]], flautist of several American [[philharmonic orchestra]]s and professor at the [[Eastman School of Music]], regarded as one of the most eminent flute pedagogues of the 1900s; [[Carlo Curti]], who helped to popularize the mandolin in the United States and Mexico, and founder of the ''Orquestra Típica Mexicana'', considered the "predecessor of the [[Mariachi]] bands".<ref>{{cite thesis|last=Castillo|first=Manuel M.|date=2014|title=Italian and Spanish works of Mexican composers: Maria Grever, Ignacio Fernandez Esperon "Tata Nacho," and Agustin Lara|journal=Theses and Dissertations--Music |url=http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/32/ |type=DMA dissertation |publisher=The University of Kentucky |via=UKnowledge |page=20|access-date=September 8, 2015|quote=The Orquesta Típica is the predecessor of the Mariachi bands and is the same orchestra that Tata Nacho conducted from 1960-1968.}}</ref> [[Comedy duo]] [[Lyons and Yosco]] became popular for their million-selling [[ragtime]] piece "Spaghetti Rag".<ref>{{cite book |last=Jasen |first=David A |date=1986 |title=Ragtime gems: original sheet music for 25 ragtime classics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AVo30wDPbIMC&q=spaghetti+rag+recording&pg=PR3 |location=New York |publisher=Dover Publications |page=iii |isbn=978-0-486-25248-3}}</ref>

Modern pop artists such as [[Mango (singer)|Mango]] and [[Arisa]] achieved great success in the Italian music scene. Since the mid-1990s, Basilicata hosts the [[Agglutination Metal Festival]], one of the most long-lived [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]] events in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metalitalia.com/articolo/agglutination-metal-festival-2018-meet-greet-esclusivo-con-i-death-ss/|title=AGGLUTINATION METAL FESTIVAL 2018: meet & greet esclusivo con i DEATH SS|website=metalitalia.com|language=it|date=19 July 2018|access-date=2 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metalpit.it/xxiv-agglutination-metal-festival-il-programma-completo-del-festival/|title=XXIV AGGLUTINATION METAL FESTIVAL: il programma completo del festival|website=metalpit.it|language=it|date=12 June 2018|access-date=2 November 2018}}</ref>

===Cinema===
Since the [[post–World War II]] era, Basilicata has become a set for many national and international film productions. [[Matera]] is the most coveted film location, especially for biblical-themed movies, being often compared with the ancient [[Jerusalem]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Basilicata Blockbusters: What To Watch Before Visiting|url=https://www.italymagazine.com/featured-story/basilicata-blockbusters-what-watch-visiting|website=italymagazine.com|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> Other locations include the [[ghost town]] of [[Craco]], [[Melfi]] and [[Maratea]]. The region hosted, among the others, the filming of ''[[Il demonio|Il Demonio]]'' (1963), ''[[The Gospel According to St. Matthew (film)|The Gospel According to St. Matthew]]'' (1964), ''[[Christ Stopped at Eboli (film)|Christ Stopped at Eboli]]'' (1979), ''[[I'm Not Scared]]'' (2003), ''[[The Passion of the Christ]]'' (2004), ''[[The Omen (2006 film)|The Omen]]'' (2006), ''[[Quantum of Solace]]'' (2008), ''[[Wonder Woman (2017 film)|Wonder Woman]]'' (2017), ''[[No Time to Die]]'' (2021).

Some actors and film directors are from Basilicata, most notably [[Robert G. Vignola]], a prominent figure of the [[silent era]], [[Pasquale Festa Campanile]], associated with the ''[[commedia all'italiana]]'' genre, [[Ruggero Deodato]], known for his [[horror film]]s such as the controversial ''[[Cannibal Holocaust]]''. [[Tanio Boccia]], [[Rocco Papaleo]], [[Antonio Gerardi]], [[Antonio Petrocelli]], [[Alessandra Di Sanzo]] are other notable personalities in the Italian movie industry.

===Cuisine===
{{main|Cuisine of Basilicata}}
[[File:Le Lamie di Bitonte.jpg|thumb|[[Peperone crusco]], a staple of the cuisine of Basilicata]]
The local cuisine is mostly based on [[pork]] and [[sheep meat]], [[legumes]], [[cereals]], [[vegetables]] and [[tubers]]. It is commonly referred to as {{langnf|it|[[peasant food|cucina povera]]|cuisine of the poor}}, deeply anchored in peasant traditions. Bread crumb is considered a poor-man's cheese substitute, sprinkled over pasta dishes and used as a seasoning for meat and vegetables. [[Horseradish]] is often used as a spice and condiment, which is referred to as "poor man's truffle".<ref name ="greatitalianchefs">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greatitalianchefs.com/features/basilicata-food-guide|title=The complete foodie guide to Basilicata|website=greatitalianchefs.com|date=8 August 2019|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> The [[peperone crusco]] ([[Prodotti agroalimentari tradizionali|PAT]]) is a specialty of the regional cuisine, sometimes labeled as "the red gold of Basilicata".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lacucinaitaliana.com/trip-to-italy/southern-italy/crusco-peppers-the-red-necklaces-of-basilicata-towns?refresh_ce=|title=Crusco Peppers: the Red Necklaces of Basilicata Towns |website=lacucinaitaliana.com|date=16 September 2019|access-date=30 August 2020}}</ref> It is the dried form of the [[peperone di Senise]] ([[Protected Geographical Status|PGI]]), one of the most popular Italian pepper varieties.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/most-popular-peppers-in-italy|title=Top 3 most popular Italian peppers|website=tasteatlas.com|date=19 November 2020|access-date=19 November 2020}}</ref> Traditional recipes include pasta dishes like ''[[pasta con i peperoni cruschi]]'' and ''[[tumact me tulez]]'', and main courses such as ''[[rafanata]]'', ''[[acquasale]]''. ''[[U' pastizz 'rtunnar|Pastizz]]'' and ''falagone'' are common [[street food]]s.

Basilicata is best known for the [[Lucanica di Picerno]] (PGI) pork sausage that derives from [[lucanica]], an ancient recipe originated before the [[Roman empire]].<ref name ="greatitalianchefs"/> [[Pane di Matera]] (PGI) is a type of bread recognizable for its intense flavour and conical shape, as well as long preservation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.italianfoodexcellence.com/bread-of-matera-a-world-patrimony/|title=Bread of Matera, a world patrimony |website=italianfoodexcellence.com|date=14 November 2016|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> Other principal products are cheeses like [[pecorino di Filiano]] ([[Protected Geographical Status|PDO]]), [[canestrato di Moliterno]] (PGI), [[padraccio]] (PAT) and [[treccia dura]] (PAT); vegetables like [[melanzana rossa di Rotonda]] (PDO); and legumes like [[fagiolo di Sarconi]] (PGI) and [[fagiolo bianco di Rotonda]] (PDO). The region is also known for its naturally sparkling [[mineral water]] that springs from the streams of [[Mount Vulture]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aptbasilicata.it/Vulture-Mineral-Waters.651+M52087573ab0.0.html|title=Rionero in Vulture (PZ) - Vulture Mineral Waters|website=aptbasilicata.it|access-date=16 November 2020|archive-date=6 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606064537/http://www.aptbasilicata.it/Vulture-Mineral-Waters.651+M52087573ab0.0.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alcoholic beverages include [[Aglianico del Vulture]], considered one of Italy's top red wines,<ref>{{cite web|title=Aglianico del Vulture: The Basilicata Region Produces One of the Great Undiscovered Wines of Italy|url=http://www.intowine.com/aglianico-del-vulture-basilicata-region-produces-one-great-undiscovered-wines-italy?page=0,2|website=intowine.com| date=22 May 2008 |access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref><ref name ="greatitalianchefs"/> and [[Amaro Lucano]] liqueur.