Editing Atlantis (section)

===In the Atlantic Ocean===
[[File:Atlantic Ocean surface.jpg|thumb|The mid-atlantic ridge in the Atlantic]]
The location of Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean has a certain appeal given the closely related names. Popular culture often places Atlantis there, perpetuating the original Platonic setting as they understand it. The [[Canary Islands]] and [[Madeira Islands]] have been identified as a possible location,<ref name=Canarias>{{cite book|last=Afonso|first=Leoncio|author-link=Leoncio Afonso|title=Geografía física de Canarias: Geografía de Canarias|year=1980|publisher=Editorial Interinsular Canaria|isbn=978-84-85543-15-1|page=11|chapter=El mito de la Atlántida|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Rodríguez Hernández|first=María Jesús|title=Imágenes de Canarias 1764–1927. Historia y ciencia|year=2011|publisher=Fundación Canaria Orotava|isbn=978-84-614-5110-4|page=38|language=es}}</ref><ref name=Madeira-Azores>{{cite book|last=Sweeney|first=Emmet|title=Atlantis: The Evidence of Science|year=2010|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0-87586-771-7|page=84}}</ref><ref name=Vidal-Naquet>{{cite book|last=Vidal-Naquet|first=Pierre|title=L'Atlantide: Petite histoire d'un mythe platonicien|year=2005|publisher=Belles Lettres|isbn=978-2-251-38071-1|page=92|language=fr}}</ref> west of the Straits of Gibraltar, but in relative proximity to the Mediterranean Sea. Detailed studies of their geomorphology and geology have demonstrated, however, that they have been steadily uplifted, without any significant periods of subsidence, over the last four million years, by geologic processes such as erosional unloading, gravitational unloading, lithospheric flexure induced by adjacent islands, and volcanic underplating.<ref name="MenendezOthers2009">Menendez, I., P.G. Silva, M. Martín-Betancor, F.J. Perez-Torrado, H. Guillou, and S. Scaillet, 2009, ''Fluvial dissection, isostatic uplift, and geomorphological evolution of volcanic islands (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain)'' Geomorphology. v. 102, no.1, pp. 189–202.</ref><ref name="MecoOthers2007">Meco J., S. Scaillet, H. Guillou, A. Lomoschitz, J.C. Carracedo, J. Ballester, J.-F. Betancort, and A. Cilleros, 2007, ''Evidence for long-term uplift on the Canary Islands from emergent Mio–Pliocene littoral deposits.'' Global and Planetary Change. v. 57, no. 3-4, pp. 222–234.</ref>

Various islands or island groups in the Atlantic were also identified as possible locations, notably the [[Azores]].<ref name=Madeira-Azores /><ref name=Vidal-Naquet /> Similarly, cores of sediment covering the ocean bottom surrounding the Azores and other evidence demonstrate that it has been an undersea plateau for millions of years.<ref name=HuangOther1979>Huang, T.C., N.D. Watkins, and L. Wilson, 1979, ''Deep-sea tephra from the Azores during the past 300,000 years: eruptive cloud height and ash volume estimates.'' Geological Society of America Bulletin. vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 131–133.</ref><ref name=DennielouOther1999>Dennielou, B. G.A. Auffret, A. Boelaert, T. Richter, T. Garlan, and R. Kerbrat, 1999, ''Control of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Gulf Stream over Quaternary sedimentation on the Azores Plateau.'' Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série II. Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes. v. 328, no. 12, pp. 831–837.,</ref> The area is known for its volcanism however, which is associated with rifting along the [[Azores triple junction]]. The spread of the crust along the existing faults and fractures has produced many volcanic and seismic events.<ref name="Ferreira, 2005, p. 4">Ferreira, 2005, p. 4</ref>

The area is supported by a buoyant upwelling in the deeper mantle, which some associate with an [[Azores hotspot]].<ref>Ting Yang, et al., 2006, p. 20</ref> Most of the volcanic activity has occurred primarily along the [[Terceira Rift]]. From the beginning of the islands' settlement, around the 15th century, there have been about 30 volcanic eruptions (terrestrial and submarine) as well as numerous, powerful earthquakes.<ref>{{cite conference |author=Carlos S. Oliveira |author2=Ragnar Sigbjörnsson |author3=Simon Ólafsson |date= 1–6 August 2004 |title=A Comparative Study on Strong Ground Motion in Two Volcanic Environments: Azores and Iceland |url=https://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/13_2369.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/13_2369.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |url-status=live |access-date=26 April 2016 |conference=13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering}}</ref> The island of [[São Miguel Island|São Miguel]] in the Azores is the site of the [[Sete Cidades Massif|Sete Cidades volcano]] and caldera, which are the byproducts of historical volcanic activity in the Azores.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://mem.lyellcollection.org/content/44/1/87/tab-figures-data |author=G. Queiroz |author2=J. L. Gaspar |author3=J. E. Guest |author4=A. Gomes |author5=M. H. Almeida |title=Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores |journal=Geological Society, London, Memoirs |publisher=Geological Society of London |date=16 September 2015 |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=87–104 |doi=10.1144/M44.7 |s2cid=131501147}}</ref>

The submerged island of [[Spartel]] near the Strait of Gibraltar has also been suggested.<ref name=Antiquity />