Editing Ankara (section)

== Main sights ==
===Ancient/archeological sites===
[[File:Ankara Castle.jpg|thumb|[[Ankara Castle|Ankara castle and citadel]]]]
[[File:The Roman Theatre of Ancyra, 2nd half of the 1st century AD - beg of the 2nd century AD, Ankara, Turkey (25743828343).jpg|thumb|[[Antique Rome theatre of Ankara|Theatre of Ancyra]]]]
[[File:AugustusAnkara2.jpg|thumb|At the [[Monumentum Ancyranum]] (''Temple of Augustus and Rome'') in Ulus, the primary intact copy of [[Res Gestae Divi Augusti|Res Gestae]] written by the first Roman emperor [[Augustus]] survives.]]
[[File:Ankara Thermen12.jpg|thumb|[[Roman Baths of Ankara]]]]

====Ankara Citadel====
The foundations of the [[Ankara Castle|Ankara castle and citadel]] were laid by the Galatians on a prominent [[lava]] outcrop ({{Coord|39.941|N|32.864|E|type:landmark|display=inline}}), and the rest was completed by the Romans. The Byzantines and Seljuks further made restorations and additions. The area around and inside the citadel, being the oldest part of Ankara, contains many fine examples of traditional architecture. There are also recreational areas to relax. Many restored traditional Turkish houses inside the citadel area have found new life as restaurants, serving local cuisine.

The citadel was depicted in various Turkish banknotes during 1927–1952 and 1983–1989.<ref>The citadel was depicted in the following Turkish banknotes:
* On the [[obverse and reverse|obverse]] of the 1 [[Turkish lira|lira]] banknote of 1927–1939 (1. Emission Group – One Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/6.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417141856/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/6.htm |date=17 April 2009 }}).
* On the obverse of the 5 lira banknote of 1927–1937 (1. Emission Group – Five Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/10.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426025336/http://tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/10.htm |date=26 April 2009 }}).
* On the [[Obverse and reverse|reverse]] of the 10 lira banknote of 1927–1938 (1. Emission Group – Ten Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/14.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426024951/http://tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/14.htm |date=26 April 2009 }}).
* On the reverse of the 10 lira banknote of 1938–1952 (2. Emission Group – Ten Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/52.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225021428/http://tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/52.htm |date=25 February 2009 }}).
* On the reverse of the 100 lira banknotes of 1983–1989 (7. Emission Group – One Hundred Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E7/256.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603080558/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E7/256.htm |date=3 June 2009 }} & [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E7/258.htm II. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603083227/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E7/258.htm |date=3 June 2009 }}).
[http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/ Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615060512/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/ |date=15 June 2009 }}. Banknote Museum. – Links retrieved on 20 April 2009. {{cite web|url=http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/6.htm|title="E 1" – The Banknotes of 1. Emission Group – "One Turkish Lira"|website=tcmb.gov.tr|access-date=20 April 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417141856/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/6.htm|archive-date=17 April 2009}}</ref>

====Roman Theater====
The remains, the stage, and the backstage of the [[Antique Rome theatre of Ankara]] can be seen outside [[Ankara Castle|the castle]]. Roman statues that were found here are exhibited in the [[Museum of Anatolian Civilizations]]. The seating area is still under excavation.

====Temple of Augustus and Rome====
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{{main|Temple of Augustus and Rome}}

The Augusteum,{{sfn|Chisholm|1911b|p=953}} now known as the Temple of Augustus and Rome, was built 25&nbsp;{{abbr|x|sometime between}}&nbsp;20&nbsp;BC following the conquest of Central Anatolia by the [[Roman Empire]]. Ancyra then formed the capital of the new [[Roman province|province]] of [[Galatia]]. After the death of [[Augustus]] in AD&nbsp;14, a copy of the text of the ''[[Res Gestae Divi Augusti]]'' (the ''[[Monumentum Ancyranum]]'') was inscribed on the interior of the temple's ''{{lang|la|pronaos}}'' in Latin and a Greek translation on an exterior wall of the ''{{lang|la|cella}}''. The temple on the ancient acropolis of Ancyra was enlarged in the 2nd century and converted into a church in the 5th century. It is located in the Ulus quarter of the city. It was subsequently publicized by the [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] ambassador [[Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq]] in the 16th century.

====Roman Baths====
The [[Roman Baths of Ankara]] have all the typical features of a classical [[Thermae|Roman bath complex]]: a ''[[frigidarium]]'' (cold room), a ''[[tepidarium]]'' (warm room) and a ''[[caldarium]]'' (hot room). The baths were built during the reign of the Roman emperor [[Caracalla]] in the early 3rd century to honor [[Asclepius|Asclepios]], the God of Medicine. Today, only the basement and first floors remain. It is situated in the Ulus quarter.

====Roman Road====
The [[Roman Road of Ankara]] or ''Cardo Maximus'' was found in 1995 by Turkish archeologist Cevdet Bayburtluoğlu. It is {{convert|216|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} long and {{convert|6.7|m|ft|1|abbr=off|sp=us}} wide. Many ancient artifacts were discovered during the excavations along the road and most of them are displayed at the [[Museum of Anatolian Civilizations]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://v3.arkitera.com/news.php?action=displayNewsItem&ID=26016|title=Roma Yolu|date=14 March 2007|publisher=arkitera.com|access-date=10 June 2013|archive-date=12 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512204914/http://v3.arkitera.com/news.php?action=displayNewsItem&ID=26016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Antik Ankara">{{Cite book|last=Sargın|first=Haluk|year=2012|title=Antik Ankara|publisher=Arkadaş Yayınevi|place=Ankara|isbn= 978-975-509-719-0|language=tr|pages=126, 127, 128}}</ref>

====Column of Julian====
The Column of Julian or Julianus, now in the Ulus district, was erected in honor of the Roman emperor [[Julian the Apostate]]'s visit to Ancyra in 362.

=== Mosques ===

====Kocatepe Mosque====

{{Multiple image
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| direction         = vertical
| image1            = ANKARA_KOCATEPE_CAMİİ.jpg
| image2            = Ahmet_Hamdi_Akseki_Mosque,_Ankara_02.jpg
| caption2          = '''Top''': Kocatepe Mosque (1987)<br />'''Bottom''': Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque (2013)
}}

[[Kocatepe Mosque]] is the largest mosque in the city. Located in the Kocatepe quarter, it was constructed between 1967 and 1987 in classical [[Ottoman architecture|Ottoman style]] with four minarets. Its size and prominent location have made it a landmark for the city.

====Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque====
Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque is located near the Presidency of Religious Affairs on the [[Eskişehir]] Road. Built in the Turkish neoclassical style, it is one of the largest new mosques in the city, completed and opened in 2013. It can accommodate 6&nbsp;thousand people during general prayers, and up to 30&nbsp;thousand people during funeral prayers. The mosque was decorated with [[Anatolian Seljuk architecture|Anatolian Seljuk style]] patterns.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.diyanet.gov.tr/tr/icerik/ahmet-hamdi-akseki-camii-dualarla-ibadete-acildi/8078|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218022254/http://www.diyanet.gov.tr/tr/icerik/ahmet-hamdi-akseki-camii-dualarla-ibadete-acildi/8078 |title=Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque has been opened for prayers|archive-date=18 February 2015}}</ref>

====Yeni (Cenab Ahmet) Mosque====
It is the largest Ottoman mosque in Ankara and was built by the famous architect Sinan in the 16th century. The mimber (pulpit) and mihrap (prayer niche) are of white marble, and the mosque itself is of Ankara stone, an example of very fine workmanship.

====Hacı Bayram Mosque====
[[File:Haci Bayram Mosque 01.jpg|thumb|[[Hacı Bayram Mosque]] (1428)]]
This mosque, in the Ulus quarter next to the [[Monumentum Ancyranum|Temple of Augustus]], was built in the early 15th century in Seljuk style by an unknown architect. It was subsequently restored by architect [[Mimar Sinan]] in the 16th century, with [[Kütahya]] tiles being added in the 18th century. The mosque was built in honor of [[Hacı Bayram-ı Veli]], whose tomb is next to the mosque, two years before his death (1427–28).<ref>{{cite web|author=SonTech Yazılım |url=http://www.HaciBayramiVeli.com |title=Hacı Bayram-ı Veli :. hacıbayramveli, hacı bayramveli, haci bayrami veli, hacıbayram, nasihatleri, hacı bayram cami, hayatı, hacıbayram-ı veli |publisher=Hacibayramiveli.com |access-date=5 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525033235/http://www.hacibayramiveli.com/ |archive-date=25 May 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> The usable space inside this mosque is {{convert|437|m2|sp=us|sqft|0|abbr=on}} on the first floor and {{convert|sp=us|263|m2|sqft|0|abbr=on}} on the second floor.

====Ahi Elvan Mosque====
It was founded in the Ulus quarter near the Ankara Citadel and was constructed by the [[Ahis|Ahi fraternity]] during the late 14th and early 15th centuries. The finely carved walnut mimber (pulpit) is of particular interest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ankara.com/museums.html|title=Museums – Ankara.com: City guide of Turkey's Capital|access-date=8 July 2016|archive-date=31 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131145302/http://www.ankara.com/museums.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Alâeddin Mosque====
The Alâeddin Mosque is the oldest mosque in Ankara. It has a [[wood carving|carved]] [[Juglans|walnut]] [[minbar|mimber]], the inscription on which records that the mosque was completed in early [[Islamic calendar|AH 574]] (which corresponds to the summer of 1178&nbsp;AD) and was built by the [[Seljuk dynasty|Seljuk]] prince Muhiddin Mesud Şah (died 1204), the [[Bey]] of Ankara, who was the son of the [[Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate|Anatolian Seljuk sultan]] [[Kilij Arslan II|Kılıç Arslan II]] (reigned 1156–1192.)

===Modern monuments===
There are at least 50 monuments and reliefs throughout the city. Some notables are;

====Victory Monument====
{{Multiple image
| align             = right
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| image1            = Ankara asv2021-10 img38 Victory Monument.jpg
| image2            = Hittite Sun Course Monument.jpg
| caption2          = '''Top''': Victory Monument (1927)<br />'''Bottom''': [[Hittite Sun Course Monument]] (1978)
}}

The [[Victory Monument (Ankara)|Victory Monument]] ([[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''[[:tr:Ankara Zafer Anıtı|Zafer Anıtı]]'') was crafted by Austrian sculptor Heinrich Krippel in 1925 and was erected in 1927 at [[Ulus Square]]. The monument is made of [[marble]] and [[bronze]] and features an [[equestrian statue]] of [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]], who wears a Republic era modern military uniform, with the rank [[Field Marshal]].<ref>[http://www.kulturvarliklari.gov.tr/TR,43950/ankara-ulus-ataturk-aniti.html Ministry of Culture page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072834/http://www.kulturvarliklari.gov.tr/TR,43950/ankara-ulus-ataturk-aniti.html |date=4 March 2016 }}. {{in lang|tr}}</ref>

====Statue of Atatürk====
Located at Zafer(Victory) Square ([[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''Zafer Meydanı''), the [[marble]] and [[bronze]] statue was crafted by the Italian sculptor [[Pietro Canonica]] in 1927 and depicts a standing Atatürk who wears a Republic era modern military uniform, with the rank [[Field Marshal]].

====Monument of Security====
The [[Security Monument]], located in [[Güvenpark]] near Kızılay Square, was erected in 1935 and bears Atatürk's advice to his people: "Turk! Be proud, work hard, and believe in yourself." (There is debate on whether or not Atatürk actually said "Use your mind"(Turkish: öğün) instead of "Be proud"(Turkish: övün))<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.malumatfurus.org/turk-ogun-calis-guven-sozu-ovunmek/|title="Türk Öğün, Çalış, Güven" Sözündeki "Övünmek" Vurgusu|date=29 October 2021}}</ref>

The monument was depicted on the [[Obverse and reverse|reverse]] of the Turkish 5 [[Turkish lira|lira]] banknote of 1937–1952<ref>[http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/ Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615060512/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/ |date=15 June 2009 }}. The Banknotes of 2. Emission Group – Five Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/48.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203053233/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/48.htm |date=3 February 2012 }}</ref> and of the 1000 lira banknotes of 1939–1946.<ref>[http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/ Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615060512/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/ |date=15 June 2009 }}. Banknote Museum: 2. Emission Group – One Thousand Turkish Lira – [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/70.htm I. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225021015/http://tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/70.htm |date=25 February 2009 }} & [http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/72.htm II. Series] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070912195327/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E2/72.htm |date=12 September 2007 }}</ref>

====Hatti Monument====
Erected in 1978 at [[Sıhhiye Square]], this impressive monument symbolizes the [[Hattians|Hatti]] Sun Disc (which was later adopted by the [[Hittites]]) and commemorates Anatolia's earliest known civilization. The Hatti Sun Disc has been used in the previous logo of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality. It was also used in the previous logo of the Ministry of Culture & Tourism.

====Korean War Monument====
The [[Monument to Turkish Soldiers Fighting in Korea]] opened in 1973 to commemorate the veterans and martyrs of the [[Turkish Brigade]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kore Savaşı'nın 72. yılı Ankara'da törenle anıldı |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/yasam/kore-savasinin-72-yili-ankarada-torenle-anildi/2622444#}}</ref>

===Inns===

====Suluhan====
[[File:Ankara september 2011 9289.jpg|thumb|[[Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum]]'s courtyard has been covered with a glass roof.]]
[[Suluhan]] is a historical Inn in Ankara. It is also called the ''Hasanpaşa Han''. It is about {{convert|sp=us|400|m}} southeast of [[Ulus Square]] and situated in the Hacıdoğan neighborhood. According to the ''vakfiye'' (inscription) of the building, the Ottoman era ''han'' was commissioned by Hasan Pasha, a regional [[beylerbey]], and was constructed between 1508 and 1511, during the final years of the reign of Sultan [[Bayezid II]].<ref name="Ank">{{Cite web|url=http://ankaratarihi.blogspot.com/2009/12/eski-hana-yeni-cehre-suluhan.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185638/http://ankaratarihi.blogspot.com/2009/12/eski-hana-yeni-cehre-suluhan.html |title=Ankara: ESKİ HAN'A YENİ ÇEHRE: SULUHAN|date=3 December 2009|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>
There are 102 rooms (now shops) which face the two yards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/Eski_Han_a_yeni_cehre__Suluhan/Blog/?BlogNo=171373|title=Eski Han'a yeni çehre: Suluhan/Kent Tarihi/milliyet blog|access-date=8 July 2016|archive-date=12 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312053234/http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/Eski_Han_a_yeni_cehre__Suluhan/Blog/?BlogNo=171373|url-status=live}}</ref> In each room there is a window, a niche and a chimney.<ref name="Ank2">{{cite web|url=http://ankaratarihi.blogspot.com/2009/12/eski-hana-yeni-cehre-suluhan.html|title=Ankara: ESKİ HAN'A YENİ ÇEHRE: SULUHAN|first=Mehmet|last=Tuncer|access-date=8 July 2016|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185638/http://ankaratarihi.blogspot.com/2009/12/eski-hana-yeni-cehre-suluhan.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum====
[[Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum]] is a museum of industrial technology situated in [[:tr:Çengel Han|Çengel Han]], an Ottoman era Inn which was completed in 1523, during the early years of the reign of Sultan [[Suleiman the Magnificent]]. The exhibits include industrial/technological artifacts from the 1850s onwards. There are also sections about Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey; Vehbi Koç, Rahmi Koç's father and one of the first industrialists of Turkey, and Ankara city.