Editing Agriculture (section)

=== Effects of climate change on yields ===
{{Main|Effects of climate change on agriculture}}
[[File:Soil moisture and climate change.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|The sixth IPCC Assessment Report projects changes in average soil moisture at 2.0&nbsp;°C of warming, as measured in [[standard deviation]]s from the 1850 to 1900 baseline.]]
[[Climate change]] and agriculture are interrelated on a global scale. [[Effects of climate change on agriculture|Climate change affects agriculture]] through changes in [[instrumental temperature record|average temperatures]], rainfall, and [[extreme weather|weather extremes]] (like storms and heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric [[carbon dioxide]] and ground-level [[ozone]] concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods;<ref name="science-news">{{cite news |last=Milius |first=Susan |date=13 December 2017 |title=Worries grow that climate change will quietly steal nutrients from major food crops |work=[[Science News]] |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/nutrition-climate-change-top-science-stories-2017-yir |access-date=21 January 2018 |archive-date=23 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423165315/https://www.sciencenews.org/article/nutrition-climate-change-top-science-stories-2017-yir |url-status=live}}</ref> and changes in [[current sea level rise|sea level]].<ref>Hoffmann, U., Section B: Agriculture – a key driver and a major victim of global warming, in: Lead Article, in: Chapter 1, in {{cite book |url=http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=666 |title=Trade and Environment Review 2013: Wake up before it is too late: Make agriculture truly sustainable now for food security in a changing climate |publisher=United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) |year=2013 |editor=Hoffmann, U. |location=Geneva, Switzerland |pages=3, 5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128140551/http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=666 |archive-date=28 November 2014}}</ref> Global warming is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world.<ref name="porter summary">Porter, J. R., ''et al.''., Executive summary, in: [http://ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/images/uploads/WGIIAR5-Chap7_FINAL.pdf Chapter 7: Food security and food production systems] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105164634/https://ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/images/uploads/WGIIAR5-Chap7_FINAL.pdf |date=5 November 2014 }}(archived ), in {{cite book |author=IPCC AR5 WG2 A |url=http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ |title=Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II (WG2) to the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 |editor-last=Field |editor-first=C. B. |pages=488–489 |display-editors=etal |access-date=26 March 2018 |archive-date=16 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416051047/http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In a 2022 report, the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] describes how human-induced warming has slowed growth of agricultural productivity over the past 50 years in mid and low latitudes.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/ |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=IPCC |archive-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228114918/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Methane emissions have negatively impacted crop yields by increasing temperatures and surface ozone concentrations.<ref name=":10" /> Warming is also negatively affecting crop and grassland quality and harvest stability.<ref name=":10" /> [[Ocean warming]] has decreased sustainable yields of some wild fish populations while ocean acidification and warming have already affected farmed aquatic species.<ref name=":10" /> Climate change will probably increase the risk of [[food insecurity]] for some vulnerable groups, such as the [[poverty|poor]].<ref>Paragraph 4, in: Summary and Recommendations, in: {{cite book |author=HLPE |url=http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/reports/hlpe-food-security-and-climate-change-report-elaboration-process/en/ |title=Food security and climate change. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE) on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security |date=June 2012 |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |location=Rome, Italy |page=12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212075812/http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/reports/hlpe-food-security-and-climate-change-report-elaboration-process/en/ |archive-date=12 December 2014}}</ref>