Editing Adelaide (section)

=== Religion ===
[[File:Saint Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church.jpg|thumb|left|St Nicholas Church, a Russian Orthodox church in [[Wayville, South Australia|Wayville]]. Adelaide's 19th century moniker was ''The City of Churches''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://maps.cityofadelaide.com.au/journey/bf1d1188-c13b-11e8-a4a7-024bc0398b11/adelaide-the-city-of-churches|title=Adelaide – the City of Churches|work=cityofadelaide.com.au|access-date=7 August 2022}}</ref>]]

Adelaide was founded on a vision of religious tolerance that attracted a wide variety of religious practitioners. This led to it being known as ''The City of Churches''.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1455 |title=Religion: Diversity |access-date=15 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810123558/http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1455 |archive-date=10 August 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1466 |title=Religious freedom |access-date=15 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309190732/https://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1466 |archive-date=9 March 2014  }}</ref><ref>[http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1455 Religion: Diversity] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810123558/http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1455 |date=10 August 2013 }}, SA Memory. Retrieved 23 December 2010.</ref> But approximately 28% of the population expressed no religious affiliation in the 2011 Census, compared with the national average of 22.3%, making Adelaide one of Australia's least religious cities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/4GADE?opendocument&navpos=220 |title=2011 Census – Greater Adelaide |access-date=30 October 2020 |archive-date=2 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502004913/http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/4GADE?opendocument&navpos=220 |url-status=dead }}</ref> According to 2021 census, 39.8% population of Adelaide identifies as Christian, with the largest denominations being [[Roman Catholic Church in Australia|Catholic]] (16.4%), [[Anglican Church of Australia|Anglican]] (7.0%), [[Uniting Church in Australia|Uniting Church]] (3.9%) and [[Greek Orthodox Church|Greek Orthodox]] (2.4%). Non-Christian faith communities representing 9.5% from Adelaide's population, includes [[Islam]] (2.8%), [[Hinduism]] (2.7%) and [[Buddhism]] (2.3%).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Religion {{!}} City of Adelaide {{!}} Community profile |url=https://profile.id.com.au/adelaide/religion |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715093651/http://profile.id.com.au/adelaide/religion |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 July 2013 |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=profile.id.com.au }}</ref>

The Jewish community of the city dates back to 1840. Eight years later, 58 Jews lived in the city.<ref name=JVL>[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0001_0_00409.html Adelaide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015195622/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0001_0_00409.html |date=15 October 2015 }}, Jewish Virtual Library, Encyclopaedia Judica, 2008.</ref> A synagogue was built in 1871, when 435 Jews lived in the city. Many took part in the city councils, such as [[Judah Moss Solomon]] (1852–66). Three Jews have been elected to the position of [[List of mayors and lord mayors of Adelaide|city mayor]].<ref>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/793-adelaide Adelaide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108003822/http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/793-adelaide |date=8 November 2014 }}, JewishEncyclopedia.com, 1906.</ref> In 1968, the Jewish population of Adelaide numbered about 1,200;<ref>{{cite web |title=The Jewish Community of Adelaide |url = https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/adelaide |website=Beit Hatfutsot Open Databases Project |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot |access-date=22 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722155442/https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/adelaide |archive-date=22 July 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> in 2001, according to the Australian census, 979 persons declared themselves to be Jewish by religion.<ref name="JVL" /> In 2011, over 1,000 Jews were living in the city, served by an [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]] synagogue, [[Adelaide Hebrew Congregation]] and a [[Reform Judaism|Reform]] synagogue, '''Beit Shalom''', in addition to a virtual Jewish museum. [[Massada College, Adelaide|Massada College]], a Jewish day school opened in the city in 1976 and closed in 2011.<ref>[https://www.jta.org/2011/07/04/global/south-australias-only-jewish-school-to-close South Australia’s only Jewish school to close] ''Jewish Telegraphic Agency''. 4 July 2011</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://adelaidejmuseum.org/ |archive-url =  https://web.archive.org/web/20131216161346/http://www.adelaidejmuseum.org/|url-status=live |title=Adelaide Jewish Museum |archive-date=16 December 2013 |website=adelaidejmuseum.org }}</ref> The [[Adelaide Holocaust Museum and Andrew Steiner Education Centre]] opened in 2020.<ref>[https://gandelfoundation.org.au/2020/11/adelaide-holocaust-museum-is-opening-its-doors-and-the-hearts-of-south-australians/ Adelaide Holocaust Museum is opening its doors and the hearts of South Australians] Gandel Foundation. Retrieved on 17 December 2024</ref>

The "[[Afghan (Australia)|Afghan]]" community in Australia first became established in the 1860s when camels and their Pathan, Punjabi, Baluchi and Sindhi handlers began to be used to open up settlement in the continent's arid interior.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Westrip |first1=J. |last2=Holroyde |first2=P. |year=2010 |title=Colonial Cousins: a surprising history of connections between India and Australia |publisher=[[Wakefield Press (Australia)|Wakefield Press]] |location=[[Kent Town, South Australia]] |isbn=978-1-86254-841-1 |ol=24582860M }}</ref> Until eventually superseded by the advent of the railways and motor vehicles, camels played an invaluable economic and social role in transporting heavy loads of goods to and from isolated settlements and mines. This is acknowledged by the name of [[The Ghan]], the passenger train operating between Adelaide, Alice Springs, and Darwin. The [[Central Adelaide Mosque]] is regarded as Australia's oldest permanent mosque; an earlier [[Marree Mosque|mosque at Marree]] in northern South Australia, dating from 1861 to 1862 and subsequently abandoned or demolished, has now been rebuilt.