Editing Zanzibar (section)

== Geography ==
{{Main|Zanzibar Archipelago}}
[[File:A bird's view of the stone city in Zanzibar.jpg|thumb|right|An aerial view of Stone Town in Zanzibar]]
[[File:Unguja Island Elevation.svg|thumb|Unguja Island's elevation]]
[[File:Pemba Island Elevation.svg|thumb|Pemba Island's elevation]]
Zanzibar is one of the [[List of Indian Ocean islands|Indian Ocean islands]]. It is situated on the [[Swahili Coast]], adjacent to [[Tanzania Mainland|Tanganyika]] (mainland Tanzania).

The northern tip of Unguja island is located at 5.72 degrees south, 39.30 degrees east, with the southernmost point at 6.48 degrees south, 39.51 degrees east.<ref name="L&L">{{cite web |url=http://www.findlatitudeandlongitude.com/ |title=Find Latitude and Longitude |website=www.findlatitudeandlongitude.com |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-date=2 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002215454/http://www.findlatitudeandlongitude.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The island is separated from the Tanzanian mainland by a channel, which at its narrowest point is {{cvt|36.5|km|mi}} across.<ref name="XPATS International">{{cite web |last1=Sharaf |first1=Yasir |title=The Allure Of Zanzibar Island {{!}} Zanzibar Tourism And Economic Climate |url=https://xpatsinternational.com/zanzibar-tourism-and-economic-climate/ |website=XPATS International |access-date=17 October 2021 |ref=None |date=9 July 2017 |archive-date=17 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017073538/https://xpatsinternational.com/zanzibar-tourism-and-economic-climate/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The island is about {{cvt|85|km|mi}} long and {{cvt|39|km|mi}} wide,<ref name="XPATS International"/> with an area of {{cvt|1464|km2|sqmi}}.<ref name="Guide">{{cite web |url=http://www.africaguide.com/country/zanzibar/ |title=The Africa Guide – Zanzibar |work=web page |publisher=africaguide.com |access-date=26 October 2012 |archive-date=27 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110327080902/http://www.africaguide.com/country/zanzibar/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Unguja is mainly low lying, with its highest point being {{cvt|120|m|ft}}.<ref name="Guide"/> Unguja is characterised by beautiful sandy beaches with fringing coral reefs.<ref name="Guide"/> The reefs are rich in marine biodiversity.<ref>Molly Moynihan, [http://digitalcollections.sit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1828&context=isp_collection "Water Quality and Eutrophication: The Effects of Sewage Outfalls on Waters and Reefs Surrounding Stone Town, Zanzibar"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140909035905/http://digitalcollections.sit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1828&context=isp_collection |date=9 September 2014 }}, Independent Study Project Collection, 2010, p. 8.</ref>

The northern tip of Pemba island is located at 4.87 degrees south, 39.68 degrees east, and the southernmost point is located at 5.47 degrees south, 39.72 degrees east.<ref name="L&L"/> The island is separated from the Tanzanian mainland by a channel some {{cvt|56|km|mi}} wide.<ref name="XPATS International"/> The island is about {{cvt|67|km|mi}} long and {{cvt|23|km|mi}} wide, with an area of {{cvt|985|km2|sqmi}}.<ref name="XPATS International"/> Pemba is also mainly low lying, with its highest point being {{cvt|95|m|ft}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/582817/Tanzania/37556/Zanzibar-and-Pemba |title="Tanzania: Zanzibar and Pemba", ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' |access-date=29 May 2013 |archive-date=8 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308195836/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/582817/Tanzania/37556/Zanzibar-and-Pemba |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Climate ===
{{see also|Climate of Tanzania}}
Zanzibar has a [[tropical monsoon climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Am]]). The heat of summer (corresponding to the Northern Hemisphere winter) is often cooled by strong sea breezes associated with the [[northeast monsoon]] (known as ''Kaskazi'' in Kiswahili), particularly on the north and east coasts. Being near to the equator, the islands are warm year round. The rainfall regime is split into two main seasons, a primary maximum in March, April, and May in association with the [[southwest monsoon]] (known locally as ''Kusi'' in Kiswahili), and a secondary maximum in November and December.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zanzinet.org/zanzibar/nature/hali_ya_hewa.html |title=Climate and Soils |work=Zanzinet Forum |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006230003/http://www.zanzinet.org/zanzibar/nature/hali_ya_hewa.html |archive-date=2014-10-06}}</ref> The months in between receive less rain, with a minimum in July.
{{Weather box
|location = [[Zanzibar City]]
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 33.4
|Feb high C = 34.1
|Mar high C = 34.2
|Apr high C = 31.7
|May high C = 30.6
|Jun high C = 30.0
|Jul high C = 29.3
|Aug high C = 29.8
|Sep high C = 31.0
|Oct high C = 31.7
|Nov high C = 32.4
|Dec high C = 33.0
|year high C = 31.8
|Jan mean C = 28.5
|Feb mean C = 28.8
|Mar mean C = 28.8
|Apr mean C = 27.5
|May mean C = 26.6
|Jun mean C = 25.9
|Jul mean C = 25.2
|Aug mean C = 25.1
|Sep mean C = 25.6
|Oct mean C = 26.1
|Nov mean C = 27.1
|Dec mean C = 28
|year mean C = 26.9
|Jan low C = 23.6
|Feb low C = 23.6
|Mar low C = 23.5
|Apr low C = 23.4
|May low C = 22.7
|Jun low C = 21.8
|Jul low C = 21.2
|Aug low C = 20.5
|Sep low C = 20.2
|Oct low C = 20.6
|Nov low C = 21.9
|Dec low C = 23.1
|year low C = 22.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 69
|Feb precipitation mm = 65
|Mar precipitation mm = 152
|Apr precipitation mm = 357
|May precipitation mm = 262
|Jun precipitation mm = 59
|Jul precipitation mm = 45
|Aug precipitation mm = 44
|Sep precipitation mm = 51
|Oct precipitation mm = 88
|Nov precipitation mm = 177
|Dec precipitation mm = 143
|year precipitation mm = 1512
|source 1 = Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.climate-data.org/location/1019984/ |title=Zanzibar City |access-date=26 July 2017 |archive-date=7 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807033045/https://en.climate-data.org/location/1019984/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}