Editing Yorkshire and the Humber (section)

==Transport==

===Transport policy===
{{Update section|date=May 2020}}
[[File:Ouse Motorway Bridge.jpg|thumb|left|M62 [[Ouse Bridge (M62)|Ouse Bridge]], built in 1976]]

As part of the national transport planning system, the [[Regional Assemblies in England|Regional Assembly]] is required to produce a Regional Transport Strategy to provide long-term planning for transport in the region. This involves region wide transport schemes such as those carried out by the [[Highways Agency]] and [[Network Rail]].<ref name=GoYH1>{{cite web
 |url          = http://www.gos.gov.uk/goyh/transp/rts/?a=42496
 |title        = Regional Transport Strategy: the National Picture
 |publisher    = [[Government Offices for the English Regions|Government Office for Yorkshire and The Humber]]
 |access-date   = 7 May 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20060712044329/http://www.gos.gov.uk/goyh/transp/rts/?a=42496
 |archive-date  = 12 July 2006
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>
Within the region the local transport authorities plan for the future by producing [[Local transport plan|Local Transport Plans (LTP)]] which outline their strategies, policies and implementation programmes.<ref name=DfT1>{{cite web|url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/regional/ltp/theltpprocess |title=The LTP Process |publisher=[[Department for Transport]] |access-date=7 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816091752/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/regional/ltp/theltpprocess |archive-date=16 August 2009 }}</ref> The most recent LTP is that for the period 2006–11. In the Yorkshire and The Humber region the following transport authorities have published their LTP online: [[East Riding of Yorkshire]] U.A.,<ref name=ERYLTP>{{cite web
 |url          = http://www.eastriding.gov.uk/az/face_service_live_proc?p_aplaws_ref=118&p_category_ref=2174&p_app_ref=&p_spec_ref=
 |title        = East Riding of Yorkshire 2006–11 Local Transport Plan
 |publisher    = [[East Riding of Yorkshire|East Riding of Yorkshire Council]]
 |access-date   = 7 May 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20061025025714/http://www.eastriding.gov.uk/az/face_service_live_proc?p_aplaws_ref=118&p_category_ref=2174&p_app_ref=&p_spec_ref=
 |archive-date  = 25 October 2006
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> [[Kingston upon Hull]],<ref name=HLTP>{{cite web
 |url          = http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,161568&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL
 |title        = Hull 2006–11 Local Transport Plan
 |publisher    = [[Hull City Council]]
 |access-date   = 7 May 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080701152040/http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,161568&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL
 |archive-date  = 1 July 2008
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> [[North East Lincolnshire]] U.A.,<ref name=NELLTP>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.nelincs.gov.uk/transportstreets/transportplanning/Local+Transport+Plan.htm
|title=North East Lincolnshire 2006–11 Local Transport Plan
|publisher=[[North East Lincolnshire|North East Lincolnshire Council]]
|access-date=7 May 2009
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620105844/http://www.nelincs.gov.uk/transportstreets/transportplanning/Local%2BTransport%2BPlan.htm
|archive-date=20 June 2008
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> [[North Lincolnshire]] U.A.,<ref name=NLLTP>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.northlincs.gov.uk/NorthLincs/Transportandstreets/transportplanning/LocalTransportPlan/
|title=North Lincolnshire 2006–11 Local Transport Plan
|publisher=[[North Lincolnshire|North Lincolnshire Council ]]
|access-date=30 October 2013
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527185047/http://www.northlincs.gov.uk/NorthLincs/Transportandstreets/transportplanning/LocalTransportPlan/
|archive-date=27 May 2011}}</ref> [[North Yorkshire]],<ref name=NYLTP>{{cite web|url=http://www.northyorks.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=3256 |title=North Yorkshire 2006–11 Local Transport Plan |publisher=[[North Yorkshire County Council]] |access-date=7 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720222447/http://www.northyorks.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=3256 |archive-date=20 July 2009 }}</ref> [[South Yorkshire]],<ref name=SYLTP>{{cite web|url=http://www.southyorks.gov.uk/index.asp?id=509 |title=South Yorkshire 2006–11 Local Transport Plan |publisher=South Yorkshire Integrated Transport Authority |access-date=7 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070828204322/http://www.southyorks.gov.uk/index.asp?id=509 |archive-date=28 August 2007 }}</ref> [[West Yorkshire]]<ref name=WYLTP>{{cite web
|url=http://www.wyltp.com/
|title=West Yorkshire 2006–11 Local Transport Plan
|publisher=West Yorkshire Local Transport Plan Partnership
|access-date=7 May 2009
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411035117/http://www.wyltp.com/
|archive-date=11 April 2009
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> and [[City of York|York]] U.A.<ref name=YLTP>{{cite web|url=http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Local_transport_plan/LocalTransportPlan/ |title=2006–11 Local Transport Plan |publisher=[[York|City of York Council]] |access-date=7 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014082513/http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Local_transport_plan/LocalTransportPlan/ |archive-date=14 October 2008 }}</ref>

===Road===
<!--*Regionwide-->[[File:Map of the M62 motorway - section.svg|thumb|right|The M62's route in relation to the four major cities it serves: Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds and Hull.]]
[[File:Chainbar Roundabout.jpg|thumb|The [[Chain Bar junction|Chain Bar Interchange]] on the M62, looking west, at the end of the M606, north of Cleckheaton]]

The [[M62 motorway]] is Yorkshire's main east–west thoroughfare, and north–south routes are the [[M1 motorway|M1]] and the [[A1 road (Great Britain)|A1]], with only the A1 continuing further north, with an upgrade to motorway status currently being built between [[Leeming, North Yorkshire|Leeming]] and [[Barton, North Yorkshire|Barton]]. The other main north–south road in the region is the [[A19 road|A19]].<ref name="patlas">{{cite book|title=Philips Motoring Atlas:Britain|publisher=Philips|location=London|year=2005}}</ref> The [[M180 motorway|M180]] (continuing as the A180) connects the ports at Grimsby and Immingham via the [[M18 motorway (Great Britain)|M18]] ([[European route E22]]).

The [[A64 road]] connects areas in the north-east of the region to the main body of motorways. The M1 was originally designed to finish at the A1 at Doncaster; this section became the M18 in December 1967. The section from the [[Thurcroft Interchange]] to Leeds (originally known as the Leeds-Sheffield Spur) was essentially designed to replace the [[A61 road|A61]], which is still the main road that connects the centres of Sheffield, Barnsley, Wakefield and Leeds, and continues through Harrogate and Ripon to Thirsk. The M180 is shadowed by the [[A18 road (England)|A18]], which is the main road through Scunthorpe. The single-carriageway [[A1079 road|A1079]] connects Hull to York, and has been exceeding its designed capacity for many years.

The main north–south and east–west routes interchange at a series of junctions to the south and east of Leeds, near Castleford. Leeds and Bradford have inner-city urban motorways, while Sheffield has the [[Sheffield Parkway]] and Hull has the ''Clive Sullivan Way'' ([[A63 road|A63]]) which connect the city centres with the motorway network.  Leeds has an inner-ring road network made mostly out of purpose-built motorway stretches which is mostly sub-terrain to the north of the city centre. Bradford, Huddersfield, Sheffield and York have inner-ring roads made by re-aligning existing roads while Halifax has a town-centre relief scheme made up of the Aachen Way and the North Bridge flyovers. The [[Office of the Traffic Commissioner]] central office is on the B6159 in east Leeds (Hillcrest House), which processes England and Wales [[Commercial driver's license|LGV and PSV licences]].

The [[Humber Bridge]], the tallest bridge in the UK at 538&nbsp;feet, was the world's longest suspension bridge from 17 July 1981 until 5 April 1998; it was built to connect with a proposed new town near the [[A15 road (England)|A15]]/M180 interchange.

===Rail===
The central hubs of the rail network in the region are [[Leeds railway station|Leeds]], [[Sheffield railway station|Sheffield]] and [[York railway station|York]]. The [[East Coast Main Line]] passes through Leeds and York, operated by [[London North Eastern Railway]] which has its headquarters in York.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/new-east-coast-franchise-hq-to-remain-in-york|title=New East Coast franchise HQ to remain in York|magazine=Rail Technology Magazine|date=11 December 2014|access-date=17 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517153435/http://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/new-east-coast-franchise-hq-to-remain-in-york|archive-date=17 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Midland Main Line]] finishes at Sheffield, with a less regular service to Leeds, operated by [[East Midlands Railway]]. East–west routes are operated by [[TransPennine Express]] to [[Manchester Piccadilly railway station|Manchester]] and [[Liverpool Lime Street railway station|Liverpool]].<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=3919&NewsAreaID=2&SearchCategoryID=2
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215024743/http://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=3919&NewsAreaID=2&SearchCategoryID=2
|archive-date=15 February 2009
|title=Network Rail
|publisher=Networkrailmediacentre.co.uk
|access-date=5 October 2008
}}
</ref> Leeds has a fairly extensive commuter network and an electrified section in the North of Bradford provides many commuter services. Sheffield has a smaller commuter rail network and there are also less extensive systems in Doncaster, Huddersfield, Wakefield and Harrogate, which connect the districts of the settlements to the centre by rail. The express service between Leeds and Huddersfield is notably quick.

The [[South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive]] and [[West Yorkshire Metro]] subsidise commuters' travel with discount schemes. [[British Rail Class 399|Class 399]] [[tram-train]]s were introduced in Sheffield in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metro-report.com/news/single-view/view/sheffield-tram-train-runs-onto-network-rail-infrastructure.html|title=Sheffield tram-train runs onto Network Rail infrastructure|work=[[Metro Report International]]|date=14 May 2018|access-date=17 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518010414/http://www.metro-report.com/news/single-view/view/sheffield-tram-train-runs-onto-network-rail-infrastructure.html|archive-date=18 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Hull is connected to [[London]] by [[Hull Trains]]' services. North Yorkshire has a skeleton train network, with Scarborough and York being the main destinations. The [[Yorkshire Coast Line]] connects [[Hull Paragon Interchange|Hull]] to [[Scarborough railway station|Scarborough]]. The [[Hull to York Line]] runs along the north of the [[Humber]] through [[Selby railway station|Selby]], and takes in [[Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station|Sherburn-in-Elmet]] and nearby rural stations south of York, being of great use to commuters to York since being reopened in the 1980s.

South of the Humber, [[Scunthorpe railway station|Scunthorpe]] and nearby rural stations are connected by the [[South Humberside Main Line]], run by [[Northern (train operating company)|Northern]]. [[Grimsby Town railway station|Grimsby]] is connected (also through Scunthorpe) on [[TransPennine Express]]' South TransPennine route from Sheffield (originating at [[Manchester Airport railway station|Manchester Airport]]).
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* West Yorkshire
* The East Riding of Yorkshire
* North Yorkshire
* South Yorkshire
* Lincolnshire -->

{{See also|High-speed rail in the United Kingdom}}

The region is home to a rail land speed record. On 1 November 1987, an [[InterCity 125]] travelled at 238&nbsp;km/h between [[Northallerton railway station|Northallerton]] and [[Thirsk railway station|Thirsk]].<ref>[http://www.125group.org.uk/tag/43102/ 43102] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518054402/http://www.125group.org.uk/tag/43102/ |date=18 May 2018 }} 125 Group</ref>

<gallery widths=200 heights=155>
File:Overview of Leeds City railway station 04.jpg|[[Leeds railway station]] is the busiest in the region.
File:A HST heads North to York - geograph.org.uk - 330481.jpg|A [[Great North Eastern Railway|GNER]] [[InterCity 125]] near York. The InterCity 125 set the current [[Land speed record for rail vehicles|world speed record]] for a diesel train (148&nbsp;mph) near Thirsk in 1987.
</gallery>

===Mass transit===
[[Image:Sheffield tram at Hillsborough - geograph.org.uk - 811984.jpg|thumb|right|[[Sheffield Supertram]] in 1998]]

Only Sheffield has its own mass-transit system, the [[Sheffield Supertram]], owned by SYPTE and run by [[Stagecoach Sheffield|Stagecoach]]. Leeds and Bradford have more developed commuter rail systems but lack any mass transit system. The [[Leeds Supertram]] was an approved scheme in Leeds. However, the funding was pulled and the scheme has been replaced by the proposed [[Leeds Trolleybus]] scheme, which itself, was also cancelled. In the past Bradford, Halifax, Huddersfield, Kingston upon Hull, Leeds, Rotherham, Sheffield and York have all had mass-transit systems.

===Air===
[[File:Leeds Bradford International Airport terminal, left.jpg|thumb|left|[[Leeds Bradford Airport]] is the busiest in the region.]]

Airports in the region are [[Leeds Bradford Airport]] at [[Yeadon, West Yorkshire|Yeadon]], [[Doncaster Sheffield Airport]] (which opened in April 2005 on the former [[RAF Finningley]]) near [[Doncaster]] and [[Humberside Airport]] (which opened in April 1974 on the former [[RAF Kirmington]]) near [[Brigg]] in [[North Lincolnshire]]. Leeds Bradford Airport is the largest in the region by passenger numbers, [[Doncaster Sheffield Airport|Robin Hood]] boasts the longest runway (2.7&nbsp;km) of any airport in the region and Humberside Airport boasts an active heliport. [[Jet2.com]], a popular low-cost airline at Leeds Bradford has around fifty [[Boeing 737]] aircraft.

[[Sheffield City Airport]] formerly served the city of Sheffield. However, the airport struggled to attract many scheduled services and closed following the opening of Doncaster Sheffield Airport.

Lying outside of the region [[Teesside International Airport]] (former [[RAF Middleton St George]]) serves the northernmost areas of the region, being next to the River Tees, and less than a mile from [[Over Dinsdale]] on North Yorkshire's northern edge. There are day and night [[TransPennine Express|direct rail connections]] from the region to [[Manchester Airport]].<ref>
{{cite web 
 |url=http://www.yorkshirenet.co.uk/links-travel.asp?showsub=airlines,airports,ferries,canal%20holidays 
 |title=Yorkshire travel information centre, Airlines, Airports, Ferries, Canal Holidays, Yorkshire, Northern England 
 |publisher=Yorkshirenet.co.uk 
 |access-date=5 October 2008
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129152609/http://yorkshirenet.co.uk/links-travel.asp?showsub=airlines%2Cairports%2Cferries%2Ccanal%20holidays 
 |archive-date=29 January 2009
}}
</ref> [[National Express Coaches|National Express]] coach services also run directly to [[Heathrow Airport]] from the region.

===Water===
[[File:Fertiliser, Farming and Ferry - geograph.org.uk - 1737437.jpg|thumb|right|The Pride of York ([[MS Norsea]]) ferry, which operates from [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], in March 2010; the service to Rotterdam began in August 1965 and the service to Gothenburg (''Göteborg'') started in March 1966]]

[[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]] has daily [[P&O Ferries|ferries]] (former [[North Sea Ferries]]) to [[Port of Bruges-Zeebrugge|Zeebrugge]] and [[Rotterdam]] ([[Europoort]]).<ref>
{{cite web 
 |url=http://www.poferries.com/tourist/content/pages/template/routes_hull_-_zeebrugge_routes_-_hull_-_zeebrugge.htm;jsessionid=ac10182d30d8e78b0c6e70f44aa9b662eecdf72aec4f.e38Mc34Ma3iKa40Ma3aObxyRbxyLe6fznA5Pp7ftolbGmkTy?WT.srch=1?TYPE=aff 
 |title=Hull to Zeebrugge ferries to Belgium – P&O Ferries 
 |publisher=Poferries.com 
 |access-date=5 October 2008
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606121410/http://www.poferries.com/tourist/content/pages/template/routes_hull_-_zeebrugge_routes_-_hull_-_zeebrugge.htm%3Bjsessionid%3Dac10182d30d8e78b0c6e70f44aa9b662eecdf72aec4f.e38Mc34Ma3iKa40Ma3aObxyRbxyLe6fznA5Pp7ftolbGmkTy?WT.srch=1%3FTYPE%3Daff 
 |archive-date=6 June 2011 }}
</ref> Hull also has a large freight port and an active fishing port. [[Immingham]] carries much freight transport via [[DFDS Tor Line]] and the [[Stena Line]]. [[Goole]] is Britain's most inland port and is used mostly for importing commodities such as [[coal]] and [[timber]].

The region also has a canal network. The [[Leeds and Liverpool Canal]] links West Yorkshire with the North West and the [[Aire and Calder Navigation]] links Leeds and the coal fields of West and North Yorkshire with the ports to the East of the region.  There are also several smaller canals in the region, often built for quite specific purposes.  Many stretches of the smaller canals in the region have been backfilled. The steepest locks in Britain are at Bingley – [[Bingley Five Rise Locks]], built by [[John Longbotham]], who designed the canal.
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==Major cities and towns==
===Town and City Twinnings=== -->