Editing World (section)

=== Hinduism ===
Hinduism constitutes a family of religious-philosophical views.<ref name="Ranganathan"/> These views present perspectives on the nature and role of the world. [[Samkhya]] philosophy, for example, is a metaphysical dualism that understands reality as comprising 2 parts: [[purusha]] and [[prakriti]].<ref name="Ruzsa"/> The term "purusha" stands for the individual conscious self that each of "us" possesses. Prakriti, on the other hand, is the 1 world inhabited by all these selves.<ref name="Britannica2"/> Samkhya understands this world as a world of matter governed by the law of cause and effect.<ref name="Ruzsa"/> The term "matter" is understood in a sense in this tradition including physical and mental aspects.<ref name="Parrot"/> This is reflected in the doctrine of [[tattva]]s, according to which prakriti is made up of 23 principles or elements of reality.<ref name="Parrot">{{cite journal |last1=Parrot |first1=Rodney J. |title=The Problem of the Sāṃkhya Tattvas as Both Cosmic and Psychological Phenomena |journal=Journal of Indian Philosophy |date=1986 |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=55–77 |jstor=23444164 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23444164 |issn=0022-1791}}</ref> These principles include physical elements, like water or earth, and mental aspects, like intelligence or sense-impressions.<ref name="Britannica2">{{cite web |title=Indian philosophy - The Samkhya-karikas |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Indian-philosophy/The-Samkhya-karikas#ref61595 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=15 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The relation between purusha and prakriti is conceived as 1 of observation: purusha is the conscious self aware of the world of prakriti and does not causally interact with it.<ref name="Ruzsa">{{cite web |last1=Ruzsa |first1=Ferenc |title=Sankhya |url=https://iep.utm.edu/sankhya/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=15 April 2021}}</ref>

A conception of the world is present in [[Advaita Vedanta]], the monist school among the [[Vedanta]] schools.<ref name="Ranganathan">{{cite web |last1=Ranganathan |first1=Shyam |title=Hindu Philosophy |url=https://iep.utm.edu/hindu-ph |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=15 April 2021}}</ref> Unlike the realist position defended in Samkhya philosophy, Advaita Vedanta sees the world of multiplicity as an illusion, referred to as [[Maya (religion)|Maya]].<ref name="Ranganathan"/> This illusion includes impression of existing as separate experiencing selfs called [[Jiva]]s.<ref name="Menon"/> Instead, Advaita Vedanta teaches that on the most fundamental level of reality, referred to as [[Brahman]], there exists no plurality or difference.<ref name="Menon"/> All there is <!-- double "is" is not a grammatical error --> is 1 all-encompassing self: [[Ātman (Hinduism)|Atman]].<ref name="Ranganathan"/> Ignorance is seen as the source of this illusion, which results in bondage to the world of mere appearances. Liberation is possible in the course of overcoming this illusion by acquiring the knowledge of Brahman, according to Advaita Vedanta.<ref name="Menon">{{cite web |last1=Menon |first1=Sangeetha |title=Vedanta, Advaita |url=https://iep.utm.edu/adv-veda/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=15 April 2021}}</ref>