Editing Weaving (section)

==Indigenous cultures==

===Native Americans===
{{main|Navajo weaving}}
[[File:Navajo sheep & weaver.jpg|thumb|upright|Weaving a traditional [[Navajo rug]]]]
Textile weaving, using [[cotton]] dyed with pigments, was a dominant craft among pre-[[European colonization of the Americas|colonization]] tribes of the American southwest, including various [[Pueblo]] peoples, the [[Zuni people|Zuni]], and the [[Ute Tribe|Ute]] tribes. The first Spaniards to visit the region wrote about seeing [[Navajo rug|Navajo blankets]]. With the introduction of [[Navajo-Churro sheep]], the resulting woolen products have become very well known. By the 18th century the Navajo had begun to import yarn with their [[favorite color]], Bayeta red. Using an upright loom, the Navajo wove blankets worn as garments and then rugs after the 1880s for trade. Navajo traded for commercial wool, such as Germantown, imported from Pennsylvania.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY OF NAVAJO RUGS & BLANKETS |url=https://camerontradingpost.com/history-of-navajo-rugs-blankets.html |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=Cameron Trading Post |language=en-US}}</ref> Under the influence of European-American settlers at trading posts, Navajos created new and distinct styles, including "Two Gray Hills" (predominantly black and white, with traditional patterns), "Teec Nos Pos" (colorful, with very extensive patterns), "Ganado" (founded by [[Don Lorenzo Hubbell]]), red dominated patterns with black and white, "Crystal" (founded by J. B. Moore), "Oriental" and [[Persian rug|Persian]] styles (almost always with natural dyes), "Wide Ruins," "Chinlee," banded geometric patterns, "Klagetoh," diamond type patterns, "Red [[Mesa]]" and bold diamond patterns. Many of these patterns exhibit a fourfold symmetry, which is thought to embody traditional ideas about harmony, or ''hózhó''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nez |first=V |date=2018 |title=SA'AH NAAGHÁI BIK'EH HÓZHÓÓN TEACHINGS |url=https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1095&context=educ_llss_etds |access-date=January 12, 2024}}</ref>

===Amazon cultures===
Among the indigenous people of the [[Amazon basin]] densely woven [[Arecaceae|palm]]-[[Bast (biology)|bast]] mosquito netting, or tents, were utilized by the [[Panoan]]s, [[Tupinambá people|Tupinambá]], Western [[Tucano, Brazil|Tucano]], Yameo, Záparoans, and perhaps by the indigenous peoples of the central [[Huallaga River]] basin (Steward 1963:520). Aguaje palm-bast (Mauritia flexuosa, Mauritia minor, or swamp palm) and the frond spears of the Chambira palm ([[Astrocaryum chambira]], A.munbaca, A.tucuma, also known as Cumare or Tucum) have been used for centuries by the [[Urarina]] of the Peruvian [[Amazon Basin|Amazon]] to make cordage, net-bags [[hammock]]s, and to weave [[textile|fabric]]. Among the [[Urarina]], the production of woven palm-fiber goods is imbued with varying degrees of an aesthetic attitude, which draws its authentication from referencing the Urarina's primordial past.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dean |first=Bartholomew |date=2009 |title=Introduction: Power, Belief, Wealth |url=https://academic.oup.com/florida-scholarship-online/book/29067/chapter-abstract/241586260?redirectedFrom=fulltext |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=academic.oup.com}}</ref> Urarina mythology attests to the centrality of weaving and its role in engendering Urarina society. The post-[[diluvial]] [[creation myth]] accords women's weaving knowledge a pivotal role in Urarina social reproduction.
<ref>Dean, Bartholomew (2009). [http://www.upf.com/book.asp?id=DEANXS07 ''Urarina Society, Cosmology, and History in Peruvian Amazonia'']. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. {{ISBN|978-0-8130-3378-5}}</ref> 
Even though palm-fiber cloth is regularly removed from circulation through [[mortuary]] rites, Urarina palm-fiber wealth is neither completely [[inalienable right|inalienable]], nor [[Fungibility|fungible]] since it is a fundamental medium for the expression of labor and exchange. The circulation of palm-fiber wealth stabilizes a host of social relationships, ranging from marriage and fictive [[kinship]] (''compadrazco'', spiritual compeership) to perpetuating relationships with the deceased.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi=10.1525/mua.1994.18.1.3 |title=Multiple Regimes of Value: Unequal Exchange and the Circulation of Urarina Palm-Fiber Wealth |journal=Museum Anthropology |volume=18 |pages=3–20 |year=1994 |last1=Dean |first1=Bartholomew}}</ref>