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==References== === Citations === {{reflist|1=30em|refs= <ref name="Havel">{{cite book|last=Havel|first=Václav|author-link=Václav Havel|title=To the Castle and Back|year=2007|publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]]|location=New York|isbn=978-0-307-26641-5|others=Trans. Paul Wilson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GaWwabF35Y0C&q=editions%3AkJCaIwFlq-QC&pg=PP1|access-date=27 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101212444/https://books.google.com/books?id=GaWwabF35Y0C&lpg=PP1&dq=editions%3AkJCaIwFlq-QC&pg=PP1|archive-date=1 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="The Soviet Army in the Cold War Years (1945–1991)">{{cite book|first1=V. I.|last1=Fes'kov|first2=K. A.|last2=Kalashnikov|first3=V. I.|last3=Golikov|title=Sovetskai͡a Armii͡a v gody "kholodnoĭ voĭny," 1945–1991|trans-title=The Soviet Army in the Cold War Years (1945–1991)|language=ru|location=Tomsk|publisher=[[Tomsk University]] Publisher|year=2004|page=6|isbn=5-7511-1819-7}}</ref> <ref name="csmonitor">{{cite web|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/1991/0226/odate.html|title=Warsaw Pact and Comecon To Dissolve This Week|publisher=[[Christian Science Monitor]]|date=26 February 1991|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804165046/http://www.csmonitor.com/1991/0226/odate.html|archive-date=4 August 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="EDC failure">{{cite web|url=http://www.cvce.eu/obj/debates_in_the_national_assembly_on_30_august_1954-en-b7be6e26-f125-4f20-af78-5699906abc9a.html|title=Debates in the French National Assembly on 30 August 1954|publisher=[[CVCE]]|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202095631/http://www.cvce.eu/obj/debates_in_the_national_assembly_on_30_august_1954-en-b7be6e26-f125-4f20-af78-5699906abc9a.html|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Alternatives to EDC">{{cite web|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p2&page=1164|title=US positions on alternatives to EDC|publisher=[[United States Department of State]] / FRUS collection|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202170917/http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p2&page=1164|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="german rearmament">{{cite web|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p2&page=1166|title=US positions on German rearmament outside NATO|publisher=United States Department of State / FRUS collection|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202170913/http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p2&page=1166|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="EDC refusal">{{cite web|url=http://www.cvce.eu/education/unit-content/-/unit/en/803b2430-7d1c-4e7b-9101-47415702fc8e/c23dd653-ba51-4f7e-9bf1-2c33b347d339#fe1c3284-c9e9-4d0e-8ce1-cba01b013352|title=The refusal to ratify the EDC Treaty|publisher=CVCE|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202095634/http://www.cvce.eu/education/unit-content/-/unit/en/803b2430-7d1c-4e7b-9101-47415702fc8e/c23dd653-ba51-4f7e-9bf1-2c33b347d339#fe1c3284-c9e9-4d0e-8ce1-cba01b013352|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="soviet request nato">{{cite web|url=http://www.nato.int/history/doc/5-Soviet-Union-s-request-to-join%20NATO/Soviet%20request%20English.pdf|title=Soviet Union request to join NATO|publisher=Nato.int|access-date=31 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311044021/http://www.nato.int/history/doc/5-Soviet-Union-s-request-to-join%20NATO/Soviet%20request%20English.pdf|archive-date=11 March 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="soviet request nato frus">{{cite web|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p1&entity=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p1.p0531|title=Proposal of Soviet adherence to NATO as reported in the Foreign Relations of the United States Collection|publisher=UWDC FRUS Library|access-date=31 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222032812/http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p1&entity=FRUS.FRUS195254v05p1.p0531|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="soviet request nato reply">{{cite web|url=http://www.nato.int/history/doc/5-Soviet-Union-s-request-to-join%20NATO/RDC%2854%29240-E.pdf|title=Final text of tripartite reply to Soviet note|publisher=Nato website|access-date=31 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311044037/http://www.nato.int/history/doc/5-Soviet-Union-s-request-to-join%20NATO/RDC(54)240-E.pdf|archive-date=11 March 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="soviet request nato note">{{cite web|url=http://www.nato.int/60years/doc/5-Soviet-Union-s-request-to-join%20NATO/Transcript%20of%20Lord%20Ismay%27s%20Memo.pdf|title=Memo by Lord Ismay, Secretary General of NATO|publisher=Nato.int|access-date=31 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060749/http://www.nato.int/60years/doc/5-Soviet-Union-s-request-to-join%20NATO/Transcript%20of%20Lord%20Ismay's%20Memo.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="molotov proposal nato">{{cite web|url=https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/113924|title=Molotov's Proposal that the USSR Join NATO, March 1954|publisher=[[Wilson Center]]|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202113859/http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/113924|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="warsaw treaty text">{{cite web|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/warsaw.asp|title=Text of the Warsaw Security Pact (see preamble)|publisher=[[Avalon Project]]|access-date=31 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515014559/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/warsaw.asp|archive-date=15 May 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="molotov proposal europe">{{cite web|url=http://www.cvce.eu/content/publication/2005/9/6/babc9886-6d90-4005-b266-d698e1d3aa4a/publishable_en.pdf|title=Draft general European Treaty on collective security in Europe – Molotov proposal (Berlin, 10 February 1954)|publisher=CVCE|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222040634/http://www.cvce.eu/content/publication/2005/9/6/babc9886-6d90-4005-b266-d698e1d3aa4a/publishable_en.pdf|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="dictionary">''The New Fontana Dictionary of Modern Thought'', third edition, 1999, pp. 637–38</ref> <ref name=":0">{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=E7pQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132|title=Romania Confronts Its Communist Past: Democracy, Memory, and Moral Justice|page= 132| isbn = 978-1107025929 |author1-last = Tismaneanu| author1-first = Vladimir |author1-link=Vladimir Tismăneanu |last2 = Stan| first2 = Marius| date = 2018|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=hafLHZgZtt4C&pg=PA1075|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|title=Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2 |page=1075| isbn = 978-0815340584| last1 = Cook| first1 = Bernard A.| last2 = Cook| first2 = Bernard Anthony| year = 2001}}</ref> <ref name="NATO short history">"In reaction to West Germany's NATO accession, the Soviet Union and its Eastern European client states formed the Warsaw Pact in 1955." Citation from: {{cite web|last1=NATO website|title=A short history of NATO|url=http://nato.int/cps/en/natohq/declassified_139339.htm|website=nato.int|access-date=24 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326231233/http://nato.int/cps/en/natohq/declassified_139339.htm|archive-date=26 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Laurien Crump Routledge page 21-22">Laurien Crump (2015). ''The Warsaw Pact Reconsidered: International Relations in Eastern Europe, 1955–1969''. Routledge, pp. 21–22.</ref> <ref name="Yoder1993">{{cite book|author-first=Amos |author-last=Yoder|title=Communism in Transition: The End of the Soviet Empires|url=https://archive.org/details/communismintrans00yode|url-access=registration|year=1993|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-8448-1738-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/communismintrans00yode/page/58 58]|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref> <ref name="Reinalda2009">{{cite book|author-first=Bob |author-last=Reinalda|title=Routledge History of International Organizations: From 1815 to the Present Day|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ln19AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA369|year=2009|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|isbn=978-1-134-02405-6|page=369|access-date=1 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101212444/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ln19AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA369|archive-date=1 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="History Channel 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-warsaw-pact-is-formed|title=The Warsaw Pact is formed|publisher=[[History (U.S. TV channel)|History Channel]]|access-date=22 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223050529/http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-warsaw-pact-is-formed|archive-date=23 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="History Channel 1">{{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/formation-of-nato-and-warsaw-pact|title=Formation of Nato and Warsaw Pact|publisher=[[History (U.S. TV channel)|History Channel]]|access-date=22 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223045828/http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/formation-of-nato-and-warsaw-pact|archive-date=23 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="history.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-warsaw-pact-is-formed|title=The Warsaw Pact is formed – May 14, 1955 |website= History.com|access-date=23 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818203116/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-warsaw-pact-is-formed|archive-date=18 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="auto">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jm4L_b8CHycC&q=mongolia+warsaw+pact&pg=PA152|title=A Cardboard Castle?: An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact, 1955–1991|first1=Vojtech|last1=Mastny|author1-link=Vojtech Mastny (historian) |first2=Malcolm|last2=Byrne|date=2005|publisher=[[Central European University Press]]|access-date=23 August 2018|via=Google Books|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823210411/https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Jm4L_b8CHycC&pg=PA152&lpg=PA152&dq=mongolia+warsaw+pact&source=bl&ots=01GUQAwggH&sig=XW12kzqHCS_-NbCX5al3ZOPGACE&hl=pl&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiDu729p4PdAhWMFIgKHdqwC4gQ6AEwBHoECAUQAQ#v=onepage&q=mongolia+warsaw+pact&f=false|archive-date=23 August 2018|url-status=live|isbn=978-9637326080}}</ref> <ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=http://www.enrs.eu/pl/news/1083-warsaw-pact-invasion-of-czechoslovakia|title=Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia|first=Agnieszka|last=Nosowska|website=www.enrs.eu|access-date=23 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823174239/http://www.enrs.eu/pl/news/1083-warsaw-pact-invasion-of-czechoslovakia|archive-date=23 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="auto2">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/02/world/death-knell-rings-for-warsaw-pact.html|title=Death Knell for Warsaw Pact|first=Steven|last=Greenhouse |author-link=Steven Greenhouse|newspaper=The New York Times|date=2 July 1991|access-date=23 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823174651/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/02/world/death-knell-rings-for-warsaw-pact.html|archive-date=23 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="NATO1">{{cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45343492|journal=Atlantische Tijdingen|issue=57|year=1967|jstor=45343492|accessdate=9 January 2022|title=Differences Between Nato and the Warsaw Pact|pages=1–16}}</ref> }} ===Works cited=== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last= Adenauer |first= Konrad |title= Memorie 1945–1953 |publisher= Arnoldo Mondadori Editore |year= 1966a |url= https://www.amazon.it/Memorie-1945-1953-Adenauer-Konrad/dp/B005SFPS36/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1375399817&sr=8-1&keywords=konrad+adenauer+memorie+1945-1953 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20130801233525/http://www.amazon.it/Memorie-1945-1953-Adenauer-Konrad/dp/B005SFPS36/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1375399817&sr=8-1&keywords=konrad+adenauer+memorie+1945-1953 |url-status= dead |archive-date= 1 August 2013 |language=it}} * {{cite book |last= Molotov |first=Vyacheslav |year= 1954a |title=La conferenza di Berlino |publisher= Ed. di cultura sociale |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Cd8tcgAACAAJ |language=it}} * {{Country study}} {{refend}}
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