Editing Uzbeks (section)

==== Russian Empire ====
{{Main|Russian Empire}}
In the 19th century, Russian interest in the area increased greatly, sparked by nominal concern over British designs on Central Asia; by anger over the situation of Russian citizens held as slaves; and by the desire to control the trade in the region and to establish a secure source of [[cotton]] for Russia. When the [[United States Civil War]] prevented cotton delivery from Russia's primary supplier, the southern United States, Central Asian cotton assumed much greater importance for Russia.<ref name=rc>Lubin, Nancy. "Russian conquest". In Curtis.</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=January 2014}}

As soon as the Russian conquest of the [[Caucasus]] was completed in the late 1850s, the Russian [[Ministry of War (Russia)|Ministry of War]] began to send military forces against the Central Asian khanates. Three major population centers of the khanates—Tashkent, Bukhara, and Samarkand—were captured in 1865, 1867, and 1868, respectively. In 1868 the Khanate of Bukhara signed a treaty with Russia making Bukhara a Russian [[protectorate]]. Khiva became a Russian protectorate in 1873, and the Khanat of Kokand finally was incorporated into the Russian Empire, also as a protectorate, in 1876.<ref name=rc/>

By 1876, Russia had incorporated all three khanates (hence all of present-day Uzbekistan) into its empire, granting the khanates limited autonomy. In the second half of the 19th century, the Russian population of Uzbekistan grew and some industrialization occurred.<ref name=cp>[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Uzbekistan.pdf "Country Profile: Uzbekistan"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050226190612/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Uzbekistan.pdf |date=2005-02-26 }}. [[Library of Congress]] [[Federal Research Division]] (February 2007). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[public domain]].''</ref> The [[Jadid]]ists engaged in educational reform among Muslims of Central Asia. To escape [[Basmachi movement|Russians slaughtering them in 1916]], Uzbeks escaped to China.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Sydykova |first=Zamira |date=20 January 2016 |title=Commemorating the 1916 Massacres in Kyrgyzstan? Russia Sees a Western Plot |url=http://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/13325-commemorating-the-1916-massacres-in-kyrgyzstan?-russia-sees-a-western-plot.html |magazine=The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst |access-date=12 October 2016 |archive-date=18 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218102849/http://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/13325-commemorating-the-1916-massacres-in-kyrgyzstan?-russia-sees-a-western-plot.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File: Types of Nationalities in the Turkestan Krai. Uzbeks. Mulla Dzhan Turdi Ali, Uncle of the Kokand Khan's Older Son WDL11107.png|thumb|Uzbek Mulla Dzhan Turdi Ali, uncle of the Kokand Khan's older son, 19th century]]