Editing Tennessee (section)

==Demographics==
{{main|Demographics of Tennessee}}
{{US Census population
|1790= 35691
|1800= 105602
|1810= 261727
|1820= 422823
|1830= 681904
|1840= 829210
|1850= 1002717
|1860= 1109801
|1870= 1258520
|1880= 1542359
|1890= 1767518
|1900= 2020616
|1910= 2184789
|1920= 2337885
|1930= 2616556
|1940= 2915841
|1950= 3291718
|1960= 3567089
|1970= 3923687
|1980= 4591120
|1990= 4877185
|2000= 5689283
|2010= 6346105
|2020= 6910840
|estimate=7227750
|estyear= 2024
|align-fn=center
|footnote=Source: 1910–2020<ref>{{cite web |title=Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020) |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |website=Census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=May 1, 2021 |archive-date=April 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429012609/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}

The [[2020 United States census]] reported Tennessee's population at 6,910,840, an increase of 564,735, or 8.90%, since the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]].<ref name="PopEstUS"/> Between 2010 and 2019, the state received a natural increase of 143,253 (744,274 births minus 601,021 deaths), and an increase from net migration of 338,428 people into the state. [[Immigration to the United States|Immigration]] from outside the U.S. resulted in a net increase of 79,086, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 259,342.<ref name="PopCompUS">{{cite web |url=http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2010-2017/state/totals/nst-est2017-04.xlsx |format=XLS |title=Table 4. Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017 (NST-EST2017-04) |publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]] |date=December 2017 |access-date=December 24, 2017}}</ref> Tennessee's [[center of population]] is in [[Murfreesboro, Tennessee|Murfreesboro]] in [[Rutherford County, Tennessee|Rutherford County]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Population and Population Centers by State: 2000 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=December 6, 2008 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223204810/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |archive-date=February 23, 2010}}</ref>

According to the 2020 census, 5.7% of Tennessee's population were under age{{nbsp}}5, 22.1% were under 18, and 17.1% were 65 or older.<ref name="2020DP1">{{Cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?g=040XX00US47 |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2020 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Tennessee |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=April 17, 2024}}</ref> In recent years, Tennessee has been a top source of domestic migration, receiving an influx of people relocating from places such as [[California]], the [[Northeastern United States|Northeast]], and the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]] due to the low cost of living and booming employment opportunities.<ref>{{cite news |title=Welcome to the Volunteer State! Study finds more people moved to Tennessee in 2020 |url=https://www.wbir.com/article/news/state/welcome-to-the-volunteer-state-study-finds-more-people-moved-to-tennessee-over-2020/51-c3738a9b-e515-4579-95e4-f59f234b84e9 |access-date=May 27, 2021 |work=WBIR-TV |date=February 6, 2021 |location=Knoxville, TN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Chang |first1=Brittany |title=More people moved to Tennessee, Texas, and Florida than any other states in 2020, according to data from U-Haul — see the full ranking |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/people-moved-to-tennessee-texas-florida-2020-u-haul-data-2021-1 |access-date=May 27, 2021 |work=Business Insider |date=January 19, 2021}}</ref> In 2019, about 5.5% of Tennessee's population was foreign-born. Of the foreign-born population, approximately 42.7% were naturalized citizens and 57.3% non-citizens.<ref name=stateprofile/> The foreign-born population consisted of approximately 49.9% from [[Latin America]], 27.1% from [[Asia]], 11.9% from [[Europe]], 7.7% from [[Africa]], 2.7% from [[Northern America]], and 0.6% from [[Oceania]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=tennessee%20foreign%20born%20population&g=0400000US47&hidePreview=false&tid=ACSST5Y2010.S0502&t=Foreign%20born&vintage=2010&layer=VT_2018_040_00_PY_D1&cid=DP02_0001E|title=Selected Characteristics of the Foreign-born Population by Period of Entry into the United States|author=<!--Not stated-->|website=data.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 4, 2020}}</ref> In 2018, The top countries of origin for Tennessee's immigrants were [[Mexico]], [[India]], [[Honduras]], [[China]] and [[Egypt]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_tennessee.pdf|title=Immigrants in Tennessee|website=Americanimmigrationcouncil.org}}</ref>

With the exception of a slump in the 1980s, Tennessee has been one of the fastest-growing states in the nation since 1970, benefiting from the larger [[Sun Belt]] phenomenon.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Schulman |first=Bruce J. |date=June 1993 |title=Review: The Sunbelt South: Old Times Forgotten |jstor=2703223 |journal=Reviews in American History |volume=21 |issue=2 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore |pages=340–345 |doi=10.2307/2703223}}</ref> The state has been a top destination for people relocating from [[Northeastern United States|Northeastern]] and [[Midwestern United States|Midwestern]] states. This time period has seen the birth of new economic sectors in the state and has positioned the Nashville and Clarksville metropolitan areas as two of the fastest-growing regions in the country.<ref name="growthtacir">{{cite web |title=Public Chapter 1101 – The Tennessee Growth Policy Act |url=https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/tacir/tacir-insights/2019PC1101Insights.pdf |website=TACIR Insight |publisher=[[Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations]] |access-date=May 23, 2021}}</ref>

According to [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development|HUD]]'s 2022 [[Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress|Annual Homeless Assessment Report]], there were an estimated 10,567 [[Homelessness|homeless]] people in Tennessee.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2007-2022 PIT Counts by State |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huduser.gov%2Fportal%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fxls%2F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK|website=View.officeapps.live.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress |url=https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf|website=Huduser.gov}}</ref>

The top languages spoken in Tennessee after English are Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Vietnamese, Korean, French, Laotian, Amharic, German, Gujarati, Japanese, Tagalog, Hindi, Russian, and Persian.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cms.gov/cciio/resources/regulations-and-guidance/downloads/appendix-a-top-15.pdf|title=Appendix A - Top 15 Non-English Langues by State}}</ref>

===Ethnicity===
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"; text-align:right; font-size:80%;"
|+ style="font-size:90%" |Ethnic composition as of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]
|-
! Race and Ethnicity<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html |title=Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=August 12, 2021 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=September 26, 2021}}</ref>
! colspan="2" data-sort-type=number |Alone
! colspan="2" data-sort-type=number |Total
|-
| [[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White (non-Hispanic)]]
|align=right| {{bartable|70.9|%|2||background:gray}}
|align=right| {{bartable|74.6|%|2||background:gray}}
|-
| [[African Americans|African American (non-Hispanic)]]
|align=right| {{bartable|15.7|%|2||background:mediumblue}}
|align=right| {{bartable|17.0|%|2||background:mediumblue}}
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]{{efn|Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry.}}
|align=right| {{bartable}}
|align=right| {{bartable|6.9|%|2||background:green}}
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]]
|align=right| {{bartable|1.9|%|2||background:purple}}
|align=right| {{bartable|2.5|%|2||background:purple}}
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
|align=right| {{bartable|0.2|%|2||background:gold}}
|align=right| {{bartable|2.0|%|2||background:gold}}
|-
| [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]]
|align=right| {{bartable|0.1|%|2||background:pink}}
|align=right| {{bartable|0.1|%|2||background:pink}}
|-
| Other
|align=right| {{bartable|0.1|%|2||background:brown}}
|align=right| {{bartable|0.3|%|2||background:brown}}
|}
[[File:Tennessee Counties by race (2020 census).svg|thumb|302x302px|Map of counties in Tennessee by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census{{Collapsible list
| title = Legend|{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}

'''Non-Hispanic White'''

{{legend|#cc4125|50–60%}}

{{legend|#a61c00|60–70%}}

{{legend|#85200c|70–80%}}

{{legend|#5b0f00|80–90%}}

{{legend|#410b00|90%+}}

{{col-2}}

'''Black or African American'''

{{legend|#ffd966|50–60%}}

{{col-end}}
}}]]
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Historical racial composition !! 1940<ref name=historicaldemographics/> !! 1970<ref name=historicaldemographics/> !! 1990<ref name=historicaldemographics>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |title=Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States |publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224151538/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |archive-date=December 24, 2014}}</ref>!! 2000{{efn|This was the first census that allowed respondents to select more than one race.}}<ref name="censviewer">{{cite web |url=http://censusviewer.com/state/TN |title=Population of Tennessee: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts |publisher=Census Viewer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225031555/http://censusviewer.com/state/TN |archive-date=December 25, 2017}}</ref>!! 2010<ref name="censviewer" />!! 2020<ref name="2020DP1"/>
|-
| [[White Americans|White]] || 82.5% || 83.9% || 83.0% || 80.2% || 77.6% || 72.2%
|-
| [[African Americans|Black]] || 17.4% || 15.8% || 16.0% || 16.4% || 16.7% || 15.8%
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]] || - || 0.1% || 0.7% || 1.0% || 1.4% || 2.0%
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native]] || - || 0.1% || 0.2% || 0.3% || 0.3% || 0.4%
|-
| [[Native Hawaiian]] and<br />[[Pacific Islander|other Pacific Islander]] || - || - || – || – || 0.1% || 0.1%
|-
| [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Other race]] || - || - || 0.2% || 1.0% || 2.2% || 3.6%
|-
| [[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races]] || - || - || – || 1.1% || 1.7% || 6.0%
|}

In 2020, 6.9% of the total population was of Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race), up from 4.6% in 2010. Between 2000 and 2010, Tennessee's Hispanic population grew by 134.2%, the third-highest rate of any state.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-04.pdf|title=The Hispanic Population: 2010|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=May 2011|website=census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=June 4, 2020}}</ref> In 2020, [[Non-Hispanic or Latino Whites]] were 70.9% of the population, compared to 57.7% of the population nationwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2020.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |title=2010 U.S. Census website |access-date=September 20, 2021}}</ref> In 2010, the five most common self-reported ethnic groups in the state were [[American ancestry|American]] (26.5%), [[English ancestry|English]] (8.2%), [[Irish ancestry|Irish]] (6.6%), [[German ancestry|German]] (5.5%), and [[Scotch-Irish Americans|Scotch-Irish]] (2.7%).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Tennessee%20ancestry&g=0400000US47&hidePreview=false&tid=ACSDT5Y2010.B04004&t=Ancestry&vintage=2018&layer=VT_2018_040_00_PY_D1&cid=B04004_001E|title=People Reporting Single Ancestry|author=<!--Not stated-->|website=data.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 10, 2020}}</ref> Most Tennesseans who self-identify as having [[American ancestry]] are of [[English American|English]] and [[Scotch-Irish American|Scotch-Irish]] ancestry. An estimated 21–24% of Tennesseans are of predominantly [[English American|English]] ancestry.<ref name="Fischer1989">{{cite book |title=Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |first=David Hackett |last=Fischer |author-link=David Hackett Fischer |year=1989 |pages=633–639 |isbn=978-0-19-503794-4 |title-link=Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/sharingdreamwhit00pule |url-access=registration |title=Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America |publisher=Continuum |location=New York |first=Dominic J. |last=Pulera |year=2004 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sharingdreamwhit00pule/page/57 57] |isbn=978-0-8264-1643-8 |access-date=October 17, 2015 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{bar box
|title = Religious affiliation (2014)<ref name="auto"/>
|titlebar=#ccf |background-color=#f8f9fa |float=right
|bars =
{{bar percent|[[Evangelicalism|Evangelical Protestantism]]|darkblue|52}}
{{bar percent|[[Irreligion|Unaffiliated]]|purple|14}}
{{bar percent|[[Mainline Protestant]]ism|darkblue|13}}
{{bar percent|[[Black church|Historically Black Protestantism]]|darkblue|8}}
{{bar percent|[[Catholic Church|Catholic]]|mediumblue|6}}
{{bar percent|Other [[Christianity]]|lightblue|3}}
{{bar percent|Other faiths|gray|3}}
{{bar percent|[[Judaism]]|red|1}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|darkgreen|1}}
}}

Since colonization, Tennessee has always been predominantly [[Christianity|Christian]]. About 81% of the population identifies as Christian, with [[Protestant]]s making up 73% of the population. Of the Protestants in the state, [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical Protestants]] compose 52% of the population, [[Mainline Protestant]]s 13%, and [[Black church|Historically Black Protestant]]s 8%. [[Catholic Church in the United States|Roman Catholic]]s make up 6%, [[Mormon]]s 1%, and [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christian]]s less than 1%.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/tennessee/ |title=Religious Landscape Study |date=May 11, 2015 |publisher=Pew Forum |access-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907135416/http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/tennessee/ |archive-date=September 7, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> The largest denominations by number of adherents are the [[Southern Baptist Convention]], the [[United Methodist Church]], the Roman Catholic Church, and the [[Churches of Christ]].<ref name="www.thearda.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/47/rcms2010_47_state_adh_2010.asp |title=The Association of Religion Data Archives &#124; State Membership Report |website=Thearda.com |access-date=December 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809110458/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/47/rcms2010_47_state_adh_2010.asp |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Islam|Muslims]] and [[Judaism|Jews]] each make up about 1% of the population, and adherents of other religions make up about 3% of the population. About 14% of Tennesseans are [[Irreligion|non-religious]], with 11% identifying as "Nothing in particular", 3% as [[agnosticism|agnostics]], and 1% as [[atheism|atheists]].<ref name="auto"/>

Tennessee is included in most definitions of the [[Bible Belt]], and is ranked as [[List of U.S. states and territories by religiosity|one of the nation's most religious states]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lipka |first1=Michael |last2=Wormald |first2=Benjamin |title=How religious is your state? |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/02/29/how-religious-is-your-state/?state=tennessee |publisher=Pew Research Center |access-date=May 15, 2021 |date=February 29, 2016}}</ref> Several Protestant denominations have their headquarters in Tennessee, including the [[Southern Baptist Convention]] and [[National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.|National Baptist Convention]] (in Nashville); the [[Church of God in Christ]] and the [[Cumberland Presbyterian Church]] (in Memphis);<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kurian |first1=George Thomas |last2=Lamport |first2=Mark A. |title=Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States |date=November 10, 2016 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-4432-0 |page=1427 |language=English}}</ref> and the [[Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)|Church of God]] and the [[Church of God of Prophecy]] (in [[Cleveland, Tennessee|Cleveland]]);<ref>{{cite news |title=Church of God International Offices marks 50 years at Keith and 25th location |url=https://clevelandbanner.com/stories/church-of-god-international-offices-marks-50-years-at-keith-and-25th-location,81165 |access-date=July 17, 2021 |work=Cleveland Daily Banner |date=June 3, 2018 |location=Cleveland, Tennessee |archive-date=July 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717211948/https://clevelandbanner.com/stories/church-of-god-international-offices-marks-50-years-at-keith-and-25th-location,81165 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Goodman |first1=Brenda |title=Remarriage Issue Gives Denomination an Identity Crisis |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/26/us/26religion.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007020834/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/26/us/26religion.html |archive-date=October 7, 2016 |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=July 17, 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=August 26, 2006}}</ref> and the [[National Association of Free Will Baptists]] (in [[Antioch, Tennessee|Antioch]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=National Association of Free Will Baptists (NAFWB) |url=http://www.usachurches.org/denomination/national-association-of-free-will-baptists.htm |publisher=usachurches.org |access-date=July 17, 2021}}</ref> Nashville has publishing houses of several denominations.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kobran |first1=Shannon |title=Not New York: Book Business & Publishers in Nashville |url=http://publishingtrendsetter.com/industryinsight/york-book-business-publishers-nashville/ |website=publishingtrendsetter.com |publisher=Market Partners International, Publishing Trends |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=April 23, 2013}}</ref>