Editing Sudan (section)

==== 2023–present: Internal conflict ====
{{main|Sudanese civil war (2023–present)}}
[[File:War in Sudan (2023).svg|thumb|Military situation as of 8 March 2024 
{{leftlegend|#FFCCCC|Controlled by [[Sudanese Armed Forces]] and allies}}
{{leftlegend|#008080|Controlled by [[Rapid Support Forces]]}}
{{leftlegend|#E3D975|Controlled by [[Sudan People's Liberation Movement–North#SPLM-N (al-Hilu)|SPLM-N (al-Hilu)]]}}
{{leftlegend|#800033|Controlled by [[SLM (al-Nur)]]}}
([[Template:2023 Sudan war detailed map|Detailed map]])
]]
In April 2023 – as an internationally brokered plan for a transition to civilian rule was discussed – power struggles grew between army commander (and ''[[defacto|de facto]]'' national leader) Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and his deputy, [[Hemedti]], head of the heavily armed paramilitary [[Rapid Support Forces]] (RSF), formed from the [[Janjaweed]] militia.<ref name="fighting_2023_04_16_france27_com">{{Cite web |date=16 April 2023 |title=Fighting continues in Sudan despite humanitarian pause |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230416-death-toll-mounts-in-sudan-as-army-paramilitary-fight-for-power |access-date=16 April 2023 |website=[[France 24]]}}</ref><ref name="clashes_2023_04_16_abc_news">{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/clashes-erupt-sudan-army-paramilitary-group-government-transition/story?id=98607846 |title=Clashes erupt in Sudan between army, paramilitary group over government transition |date=16 April 2023 |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |access-date=16 April 2023 |first1=Nadine |last1=El-Bawab }}</ref>

On 15 April 2023, their conflict erupted into a civil war starting with the [[Battle of Khartoum (2023–present)|battles in the streets of Khartoum]] between the army and the RSF – with troops, tanks and planes. By the third day, 400 people had been reported killed and at least 3,500 injured, according to the [[United Nations]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Masih |first1=Niha |last2=Pietsch |first2=Bryan |last3=Westfall |first3=Sammy |last4=Berger |first4=Miriam |date=18 April 2023 |title=What's behind the fighting in Sudan, and what is at stake? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/04/18/sudan-conflict-military-rsf-paramilitary/ |access-date=3 May 2023 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> Among the dead were three workers from the [[World Food Programme]], triggering a suspension of the organization's work in Sudan, despite ongoing hunger afflicting much of the country.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://apnews.com/article/sudan-fighting-military-rsf-eafa3246b1e3004a1a9f2b9af9561362 | title=Sudan's generals battle for 3rd day; death toll soars to 185 | website=[[Associated Press]] | date=17 April 2023 |first1=Jack |last1=Jeffery |first2=Samy |last2=Magdy }}</ref> Sudanese General [[Yasser al-Atta]] said the [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]] was providing supplies to RSF, which were being used in the war.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Eltahir |first= Nafisa |date=28 November 2023 |title=Sudanese general accuses UAE of supplying paramilitary RSF |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/sudanese-general-accuses-uae-supplying-paramilitary-rsf-2023-11-28/ |access-date=19 December 2023}}</ref>

Both the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces are [[War crimes during the Sudanese civil war (2023–present)|accused of committing war crimes]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2023 |title=War crimes and civilian suffering in Sudan |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/08/sudan-war-crimes-rampant-as-civilians-killed-in-both-deliberate-and-indiscriminate-attacks-new-report/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925175201/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/08/sudan-war-crimes-rampant-as-civilians-killed-in-both-deliberate-and-indiscriminate-attacks-new-report/ |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=30 September 2023 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=US declares warring factions in Sudan have committed war crimes |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/6/us-declares-warring-factions-in-sudan-have-committed-war-crimes |work=Al Jazeera |date=6 December 2023}}</ref> As of 29 December 2023, over 5.8 million were internally displaced and more than 1.5 million others had fled the country as refugees,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dtm.iom.int/reports/dtm-sudan-monthly-displacement-overview-04 |title=DTM Sudan – Monthly Displacement Overview (04) |date=29 December 2023 |website=IOM UN Migration |access-date=30 December 2023 |archive-date=30 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230194201/https://dtm.iom.int/reports/dtm-sudan-monthly-displacement-overview-04 |url-status=live }}</ref> and many civilians in [[Darfur]] have been reported dead as part of the [[Masalit massacres (2023–present)|Masalit massacres]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Genocide returns to Darfur |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2023/10/05/genocide-returns-to-darfur |access-date=11 November 2023 |archive-date=10 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110034316/https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2023/10/05/genocide-returns-to-darfur |url-status=live }}</ref> Up to 15,000 people were killed in the city of [[Geneina]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Ethnic killings in one Sudan city left up to 15,000 dead: UN report |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/worldbiz/africa/ethnic-killings-one-sudan-city-left-15000-dead-un-report-777970 |work=The Business Standard |date=20 January 2024}}</ref>

As a result of the war the [[World Food Programme]] released a report on 22 February 2024 saying that more than 95% of Sudan's population could not afford a meal a day.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/over-95-percent-of-sudanese-cannot-afford-a-meal-a-day-wfp-fef7c4a0|website=Barron's|title=Over 95 Percent Of Sudanese Cannot Afford A Meal A Day: WFP}}</ref> As of April 2024, the United Nations reported that more than 8.6 million people have been forced out of their homes, while 18 million are facing severe hunger, five million of them are at emergency levels.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sudan violence: The horrifying statistics behind the brutal conflict - and still the death toll is unknown |url=https://news.sky.com/story/sudan-violence-the-horrifying-statistics-behind-the-brutal-conflict-and-still-the-death-toll-is-unknown-13112932 |work=Sky News|date=17 April 2024}}</ref> In May 2024, US government officials estimated that at least 150,000 people had died in the war in the past year alone.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last1=Bariyo |first1=Nicholas |last2=Steinhauser |first2=Gabriele |title=Genocide Survivors in Darfur Are Caught in Another Brutal Battle |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/africa/genocide-survivors-in-darfur-are-caught-in-another-brutal-battle-d729b143?mod=hp_lead_pos7 |access-date=1 June 2024 |work=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> The RSF's apparent targeting of Black indigenous communities, especially around the city of El Fasher, have led international officials to warn of the risk of history repeating itself with another genocide in the Darfur region.<ref name=":3" />

On 31 May 2024, a conference was called at the House of Representatives by a US Congresswoman [[Eleanor Holmes Norton]] to address Sudan's humanitarian crisis. A report by the State Department concerning the UAE's involvement in Sudan, including war crimes and arms exports, was the prime focus of the conference's discussion. A panelist speaker, Councilman Mohamed Seifeldein, called for an end to the UAE's involvement in Sudan, stating that the UAE's role in using the RSF in Sudan and also in the [[Yemeni civil war (2014–present)|Yemeni civil war]] "need to be stopped". Seifeldein, along with another panelist [[Hagir S. Elsheikh]], urged the international community to stop all support for the RSF, pointing to the militant group's destructive role in Sudan. Elsheikh also recommended to use social media in raising awareness about the Sudanese war, and to put pressure on the US elected officials to halt arms sales to the UAE.<ref>{{cite news |date=2 June 2024 |title=Congressional Briefing: Report on UAE Intervention in Sudan, War Crimes, and Arms Export |url=https://www.washingtoncentre.org/2024/06/02/report-on-uae-intervention-in-sudan-war-crimes-and-arms-export-conference-by-amina-khan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603114840/https://www.washingtoncentre.org/2024/06/02/report-on-uae-intervention-in-sudan-war-crimes-and-arms-export-conference-by-amina-khan/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |work=Washington Center For Human Rights}}</ref> The latest report presented to the UN states that 2025 will see 30.4 million people in Sudan in need for humanitarian aid, due to the military conflict in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudan Crisis Response Plan 2024-2025 {{!}} Global Crisis Response Platform |url=https://crisisresponse.iom.int/response/sudan-crisis-response-plan-2024-2025 |access-date=2 January 2025 |website=crisisresponse.iom.int}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2 January 2025 |title=30.4 million in Sudan requiring humanitarian aid: UN report |url=https://www.bastillepost.com/global/article/4447891-30-4-million-in-sudan-requiring-humanitarian-aid-un-report |access-date=2 January 2025 |website=www.bastillepost.com}}</ref>