Editing Stomach (section)

=== Control of secretion and motility ===
[[Image:Stomach emptying into duodenum.svg|thumb|center|600px|Emptying of stomach chyme into the duodenum through the pyloric sphincter]]

Chyme from the stomach is slowly released into the [[duodenum]] through coordinated [[peristalsis]] and opening of the pyloric sphincter. The movement and the flow of chemicals into the stomach are controlled by both the [[autonomic nervous system]] and by the various [[Digestion#Digestive hormones|digestive hormones]] of the digestive system:

{| class="wikitable"
| [[Gastrin]] || The hormone ''gastrin'' causes an increase in the secretion of HCl from the parietal cells and pepsinogen from chief cells in the stomach. It also causes increased motility in the stomach. Gastrin is released by [[G cell]]s in the stomach in response to distension of the antrum and digestive products (especially large quantities of incompletely digested proteins). It is inhibited by a [[pH]] normally less than 4(high acid), as well as the hormone [[somatostatin]].
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 | [[Cholecystokinin]] || ''Cholecystokinin'' (CCK) has most effect on the [[gall bladder]], causing gall bladder contractions, but it also decreases gastric emptying and increases release of [[Pancreas|pancreatic]] juice, which is alkaline and neutralizes the chyme. CCK is synthesized by I-cells in the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine.
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 | [[Secretin]] || In a different and rare manner, ''secretin'', which has the most effects on the pancreas, also diminishes acid secretion in the stomach. Secretin is synthesized by [[S cell|S-cells]], which are located in the duodenal mucosa as well as in the jejunal mucosa in smaller numbers.
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 | [[Gastric inhibitory polypeptide]] || ''Gastric inhibitory polypeptide'' (GIP) decreases both gastric acid release and motility. GIP is synthesized by K-cells, which are located in the duodenal and jejunal mucosa.
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 | [[Enteroglucagon]] || ''Enteroglucagon'' decreases both gastric acid and motility.
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 |}

Other than gastrin, these hormones all act to turn off the stomach action. This is in response to food products in the [[liver]] and gall bladder, which have not yet been absorbed. The stomach needs to push food into the small intestine only when the intestine is not busy. While the intestine is full and still digesting food, the stomach acts as storage for food.