Editing Satanism (section)

==Contemporary tendencies and groups==
"The intentional, religiously motivated veneration of Satan" is the "working definition" of Satanism of historian of religion Ruben van Luijk,{{sfn|van Luijk|2016|p=2}} comes in different forms. Satanism has been called a  "[[new religious movement]]",{{sfnm|1a1=Dyrendal|1a2=Lewis|1a3=Petersen|1y=2016|1p=3 |2a1=Introvigne|2y=2016|2p=517}} and other times judged too diffuse to merit that description and been called instead a "[[milieu]]" (Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen),{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=4}} united by "[[family resemblance]]",{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=7}} and the fact that most of them were [[self religion]]s.{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=4}} Some of the resemblances in this Satanic milieu are:  
* the positive use of the term ''Satanist'' as a designation, 
* an emphasis on individualism, 
* a genealogy that connects them to other Satanic groups, 
* a transgressive and [[antinomian]] stance, 
* a self-perception as an elite, and 
* an embrace of values such as pride, self-reliance, and productive non-conformity.{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|pp=7–9}} 
A minority of Satanists have some type of association with the political far-right.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/countering-radical-right/nazi-satanists-promoting-extreme-violence-and-terrorism/|title=The Nazi Satanists promoting extreme violence and terrorism|website=openDemocracy}}</ref>

Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen argue that the groups within the Satanic milieu can be divided into three groups: reactive Satanists, rationalist Satanists, and esoteric Satanists.{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=5}} 
*'''Reactive Satanism''' (they believe) encompass "popular Satanism, inverted Christianity, and symbolic rebellion" and situates itself in opposition to society while at the same time conforming to society's perspective of evil.{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=5}} 
*'''Rationalist Satanism''' is used to describe the trend in the Satanic milieu which is [[atheistic]], [[scientific skepticism|skeptical]], [[materialist]]ic, and [[epicurean]].{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=6}} According to Joseph Laycock, "most contemporary Satanists" are nontheistic.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.1/> 
*'''Esoteric Satanism'''  applied to those forms which are [[theistic]] and draw upon ideas from other forms of [[Western esotericism]], [[Modern Paganism]], [[Buddhism]], and [[Hinduism]].{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=6}}

Diane E. Taub and Lawrence D. Nelson (publishing in 1993, at the end of the "Satanic panic") divide Satanism into two: 
* '''"Establishment" Satanism''', or the "respectable" form of Satanism that is "usually highly visible and structured",{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=525}} and emphasizes its law-abiding nature. (This may include both Rationalist Satanism and Esoteric Satanism.) An example of "Establishment Satanism" is the [[Church of Satan]], which "officially condemns illegal activity".{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=528}} (Other Establishment Satanists are the Church of Satanic Brotherhood or the Temple of Set.){{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=535}} It is the variety of Satanism  most studied by academic sociologists,{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=523}} who also represent Satanism in their "discourse" as "harmless, law-abiding alternative religions",{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=523}} ignoring the second type of Satanism ...
* '''"Underground" Satanism''',  the Satanism of "reputed criminal elements", and the variety that lay groups and the media tend to focus on (especially during the Satanic Panic of the 1980s).{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=536}}{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=523, 525}} (Satanic Underground may be similar to Reactive Satanism.)  Information on the underground is often less than reliable, as reports are sensational and the Satanists themselves are secretive.{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=531}}{{sfn|Carlson|Larue|1989}}<ref name="Hicks 1991 a">Hicks, Robert D., 1991. ''In Pursuit of Satan: The Police and the Occult'', Buffalo: Prometheus Book.</ref><ref name="J. Richardson 1991">Richardson, James T.,  "Satanism in the Courts: From Murder to Heavy Metal." pp. 205–217 in ''The  Satanism Scare'', edited by James T. Richardson, Joel Best, and David G. Bromley. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.</ref> Establishment and Underground Satanism conflict, the first wanting to preserve its social acceptance and tax-exempt status that the sensational crimes or alleged crimes of the underground put in jeopardy. How much cause and effect there is a between Underground Satanism and crime comes into question because according to at least one report, "nearly worshipping criminal has had a history of anti-social behavior ... long before taking up occult trappings.")<ref>Carlson, Shawn and Gerald Larue. 1989. ''Satanism in America: How the Devil Got Much More  Than His Due''. El Cerrito, CA: Gaia, p.v. Quoted in ...</ref>{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=532}} On the other hand, evidence of personality disorders does not mean the disorder sufferer does not have sincere Satanic beliefs.{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993}}{{sfn|Carlson|Larue|1989}}

Contemporary religious Satanism is predominantly an American phenomenon but has spread elsewhere via globalization and the Internet,{{sfn|Petersen|2009a}} allowing for intra-group communication and creation of a forum for Satanist disputes.{{sfn|Petersen|2009a}} Satanism started to reach [[Central and Eastern Europe]] in the 1990s—in time with the fall of the [[Communist Bloc]]—and most noticeably in [[Poland]] and [[Lithuania]], predominantly Roman Catholic countries.{{sfn|Alisauskiene|2009}}<ref>{{cite news |title =Satanism stalks Poland |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/correspondent/778438.stm |work= BBC News |date= 5 June 2000}}</ref>

===Atheistic Satanism===
{{anchor|Atheistic Satanism}} <!-- Needed for redirect from lead section -->

====Church of Satan and Anton LaVey====
{{Main|LaVeyan Satanism|Church of Satan}}
[[File:Baphosimb.svg|thumb|right|The [[sigil of Baphomet]], official insignia of the Church of Satan and LaVeyan Satanism]]
Satanism as "a self-declared religion" began in 1966 with the founding of the Church of Satan (CoS) by [[Anton LaVey|Anton Szandor LaVey]]. Religious scholars have called the Church not only the oldest, continuous satanic organization<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4/>{{sfn|Lewis|2001|p=5}}{{sfn|Asprem|Granholm|2014|p=75}}{{sfn|Faxneld|Petersen|2013|p=81}} but the most influential, with "numerous imitator and breakaway groups".<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4/><ref name=Footnote9>R. van Luijk, Children of Lucifer: The Origins of Modern Religious Satanism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2016), p. 305.</ref>

The church was founded in San Francisco, California, in an era when there was much public interest in the [[occult]], [[witchcraft]], and Satanism. A "gigantic media circus"<ref name="Andrade-Girardian-2020">{{cite journal |last1=Andrade |first1=Gabriel |title=A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives |journal=Irish Theological Quarterly |date=23 December 2020 |volume=86 |issue=1  |pages=50–62 |doi=10.1177/0021140020977656 |s2cid=232040703 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021140020977656 |access-date=12 January 2024}}</ref> developed around Anton LaVey, "the Father of Satanism" and his Satanic aesthetics. LaVey shaved his head, wore a goatee, performed [[Black Mass]]es with nude women serving as altars.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4-Magic>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 2023]]: section 4. The Church of Satan. From the Magic Circle to the Church of Satan</ref> He was invited on national talk shows and mingled with celebrities attending his satanic parties.<ref name="JPLS2023:sect.4-LaVey's">[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 2023]]: section 4 The Church of Satan. LaVey's Satanism</ref>{{sfn|Petersen|2009|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=1ovVPyL6AmwC&pg=PA91 91]}} As an entrepreneur, he saw an opening for a new religion in the spiritual void of a secularizing post-Christian West.<ref name="Andrade-Girardian -2020">{{cite journal |last1=Andrade |first1=Gabriel |title=A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives. Satan according to LaVey |journal=Irish Theological Quarterly |date=23 December 2020 |volume=86 |issue=1 |doi=10.1177/0021140020977656 |s2cid=232040703 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021140020977656 |access-date=19 January 2024}}</ref>

But LaVey also promoted his ideas and his 1969 ''[[Satanic Bible]]'' as "the best-known and most influential statement of Satanic theology".{{sfn|Bromley|2005|pp=8127–8128}} It sold nearly a million copies.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4/> These had "very little" connection with "either Satan or the worship of Satan",<ref name="WELTON-Airship-2014">{{cite web |last1=WELTON |first1=BENJAMIN |title=Friedrich Nietzsche and Ayn Rand's Influence on Satanism |url=http://airshipdaily.com/blog/10152014-friedrich-nietzsche-ayn-rand-satanism |website=The Airship |access-date=20 January 2024 |date=15 October 2014 }}</ref> but were based on the [[Romanticism|Romantic]] literary concept of Satan, not as a symbol of evil, but as a rebel anti-hero, defying God’s tyranny with charisma and bravery.<ref name="Andrade-Girardian-LaVey-2020">{{cite journal |last1=Andrade |first1=Gabriel |title=A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives. Satan according to LaVey  |journal=Irish Theological Quarterly |date=23 December 2020 |volume=86 |issue=1 |doi=10.1177/0021140020977656 |s2cid=232040703 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021140020977656 |access-date=12 January 2024}}</ref> Together with the romanticism, "humanism, hedonism, aspects of pop psychology and the human potential movement" were woven together by LaVey,<ref name="JPLS2023:sect.4-LaVey's"/> and publicized with "a lot of showmanship".<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 1981]]: section 4 The Church of Satan.</ref> Philosopher [[Ayn Rand]], who argued that [[The Virtue of Selfishness|"selfishness" is a virtue]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rand |first1=Ayn |title=The Virtue of Selfishness: A New Concept of Egoism |date=1964 |publisher=New American Library |location=New York}}</ref> in that "unfettered self-interest is good and altruism is destructive",<ref name="Cummins-Rand-PBS-2016">{{cite web |last1=Cummins |first1=Denise |title=Column: This is what happens when you take Ayn Rand seriously |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/column-this-is-what-happens-when-you-take-ayn-rand-seriously |website=PBS News Hour |access-date=18 January 2024 |date=16 February 2016}}</ref> was a major influence. According to both LaVey{{sfnm|1a1=Lewis|1y=2001a|1p=18 |2a1=Lewis|2y=2002|2p=9}} and sociologist of religion [[James R. Lewis (scholar)|James R. Lewis]],{{sfn|Lewis|2002|p=2}} [[Ayn Rand#Philosophy|Ayn Rand's thought]] was a cornerstone of his philosophy, along with "ceremony and ritual" or "ritual magic".

Other influences were [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], who celebrated the [[Ubermensch]], proclaimed "God is dead", and preached against the 'slave's morality' of mercy, charity, and helping the weak;<ref name="WELTON-Airship-2014"/><ref name="Andrade-Girardian-2020-57">{{cite journal |last1=Andrade |first1=Gabriel |title=A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives |journal=Irish Theological Quarterly |date=23 December 2020 |volume=86 |issue=1 |page=57 |doi=10.1177/0021140020977656 |s2cid=232040703 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021140020977656 |access-date=12 January 2024}}</ref> English occultist [[Aleister Crowley]], famous for the axiom "Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the [moral] Law"; and [[Arthur Desmond]], who strongly associated with [[Social Darwinism]] and the expression "the [[survival of the fittest]]".<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4-Magic/>

LaVey used Christianity as a "negative mirror" for his new faith,{{sfn|Schipper|2010|p=109}} rejecting the basic principles, theology and values of Christian belief,{{sfn|La Fontaine|1999|p=96}} along with other major religions and philosophies such as humanitarianism and [[liberal democracy]]—which he saw as negative forces. Instead of idealism, humility, abstinence, self-denigration, obedience, herd behavior, spirituality, and irrationality;{{sfn|Faxneld|Petersen|2013|p=80}} he praised the [[seven deadly sins]] (i.e. [[Hubris|pride]], [[greed]], [[wrath]], [[envy]], [[lust]],  [[Gluttony#Christianity|gluttony]] and [[sloth (deadly sin)|sloth]]), as virtues not vices.{{sfnm|1a1=Gardell|1y=2003|1p=288 |2a1=Schipper|2y=2010|2p=107}}<ref>LaVey, Anton |''Satanic Bible'',  
–BOOK OF LUCIFER–, chapter III, "Some Evidence of a New Satanic Age"</ref> LaVey went beyond discouraging sexual inhibitions and feelings of guilt and shame over fetishes,{{sfn|Lap|2013|p=91}}{{sfn|Faxneld|Petersen|2014|p=169}} calling for a celebration of, and indulgence in, humanity's animal nature and its desires, which Christianity sought to suppress.{{sfn|La Fontaine|1999|p=96}} Human beings should seek out the carnal rather than the spiritual;{{sfn|Lewis|2001b|p=50}} satisfying the ego's desires enhanced an individual's pride, self-respect, and self-realization.{{sfn|Lap|2013|p=92}}  Hate, and aggression were  necessary and advantageous for survival,{{sfn|Lap|2013|p=94}} victims should not "turn the other cheek"<ref>[[Gospel of Matthew]] [[Matthew 5|chapter 5]], the [[Sermon on the Mount]] in the [[New Testament]]</ref> but take an "eye for an eye".{{sfn|Gardell|2003|p=289}}

Satanists should be individualistic, non-conformist, contemptuous of "colorless" mainstream society.{{sfn|Dyrendal|2013|p=129}} LaVey saw Satanism as something like a personality type as much as a belief, since Satanists "are outsiders by their nature",{{sfn|Dyrendal|2013|p=129}} and "born, not made".{{sfn|Petersen|2009a|p=9}} Since gods are actually a creation of man and not the other way around, LaVey asked, "'Why not really be honest and if you are going to create a god in your image, why not create that god as yourself'....  every man is a god if he chooses to recognize himself as one."<ref>''Satanic Bible'' by LaVey, p.96, quoted in ...</ref>{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=525}} Not everyone would measure up to being a god however. Human social equality was a "myth", leading to "mediocrity" and support of the weak at the expense of the strong.{{sfnm|1a1=Gardell|1y=2003|1p=289 |2a1=van Luijk|2y=2016|2p=366}}{{sfnm|1a1=La Fontaine|1y=1999|1p=97 |2a1=Lap|2y=2013|2p=95 |3a1=van Luijk|3y=2016|3p=367}} "Social stratification" was part of LaVey and the Church's "Five Point Program".{{sfn|van Luijk|2016|p=366}}<ref name="Pentagonal Revisionism-1988">{{cite web |last1=LaVey |first1=Anton Szandor |title=Pentagonal Revisionism: A Five-Point Program by Anton Szandor LaVey |url=https://www.churchofsatan.com/pentagonal-revisionism/ |website=Church of Satan |access-date=22 January 2024 |date=1988}}</ref>

A "true Satanic society" was described in Lavey's church's periodical ''The Black Flame'' and highlighted by anthropologist [[Jean La Fontaine]]; it would be one in which the population consists of "free-spirited, well-armed, fully-conscious, self-disciplined individuals, who will neither need nor tolerate any external entity 'protecting' them or telling them what they can and cannot do".{{sfn|La Fontaine|1999|p=97}} Another version of the Satanic society envisioned by LaVey was the breeding of an elite people "superior" in their creativity and nonconformity.{{sfn|van Luijk|2016|p=376}} These would live apart from the rest of the human "herd"—who would be relegated into ghettoes, ideally "space ghettoes" located on other planets.{{sfn|van Luijk|2016|p=375}}

LaVey's ideas were also said to "seem contradictory".<ref name="JPLS2023:sect.4-LaVey's"/> According to CoS priest Gavin Baddeley, LaVey's church combined "a love of life garbed in the symbols of death and fear",<ref>G. Baddeley, ‘’Lucifer Rising’’ (London: Plexus, 1999),  p. 67</ref><ref name="JPLS2023:sect.4-LaVey's"/> and while LaVey himself pontificated on personal freedom, he "micromanaged the lives of his followers".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andrade |first=Gabriel |title=Anton Lavey's Satanic Philosophy: An Analysis |url=https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1076&context=imwjournal |journal=Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies |publication-date=2018 |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=34}}</ref> Some doubted his atheist naturalism.<ref name="Greaves-CoS-v-TST">{{cite web |last1=Greaves |first1=Lucien |title=Church of Satan vs. Satanic Temple |url=https://thesatanictemple.com/pages/church-of-satan-vs-satanic-temple |website=The Satanic Temple |access-date=11 January 2024 |date=c. 2019}}</ref> LaVey insisted the church scoffed at the supernatural, but also told an interviewer he considered  "curses and hexes" against enemies a form of human sacrifice "by proxy".{{sfn|Taub|Nelson|1993|p=529}}

Contradictions in his thought have been explained by his wanting it to have as wide appeal as possible,<ref name="JPLS2023:sect.4-LaVey's"/> balancing, in his words, "nine parts" of "respectability" to "one part" of  "outrageousness".<ref name="JPLS2023:sect.4-LaVey's"/><ref>R. H. Alfred, "The Church of Satan." in J. R. Lewis and J. A. Petersen (eds.), The Encyclopedic Sourcebook of Satanism (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2008), pp. 478–502 (p. 485).</ref> If Satanism was to be Satanic, it required some outrageous/anti-social elements, but if it was going to be a viable organization, these could not be allowed to frighten off potential congregants and attract unwanted attention.

One "outrageous" issue that LaVey was criticized for was his "ambivalent relationship" with far-right groups ([[United Klans of America]], [[National Renaissance Party (United States)|National Renaissance Party]], and the [[American Nazi Party]]) that he neither endorsed nor rejected.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.4-Rise>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 2023]]: section 4. The Church of Satan. The Rise and Fall of Anton LaVey</ref><ref name=Footnote-110>"Evil, Anyone?" ''Newsweek'' (16 August 1971), p. 56.</ref>

LaVey died in 1997, but the church maintains a purist approach to his thought,{{sfn|Lewis|2002|p=5}} insisting he and the church have "codified" Satanism as "a religion and philosophy",<ref name="CoS-TST-FS">{{cite web |last1=Ethan |first1=Joel |title=The Satanic Temple Fact Sheet |url=https://www.churchofsatan.com/the-satanic-temple-fact-sheet/ |website=Church of Satan |access-date=11 January 2024}}</ref> and dismisses other Satanist groups (atheistic or otherwise), as reverse-Christians, pseudo-Satanists or Devil worshipers.<ref name=Stop>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/national/wp/2014/11/07/the-church-of-satan-wants-you-to-stop-calling-these-devil-worshipping-alleged-murderers-satanists/|title=The Church of Satan wants you to stop calling these 'devil worshiping' alleged murderers Satanists |date=7 November 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post |last=Ohlheiser |first=Abby |access-date=2015-11-19}}</ref>

==== First Satanic Church ====
{{Main|First Satanic Church}}

After LaVey's death in 1997, the Church of Satan was taken over by a new administration and its headquarters were moved to New York City. LaVey's daughter, the High Priestess [[Karla LaVey]] re-founded The First Satanic Church on 1999 in San Francisco. This church has been called "a lot more exclusive" than the original and as of late 2023 was known for producing a "Black X-Mass concert" in San Francisco "every year for the last couple decades".<ref name="Font-2023">{{cite news |last1=Font |first1=Amanda |date=20 October 2023 |title=How the Church of Satan Was Born in San Francisco |url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11964949/how-the-church-of-satan-was-born-in-san-francisco |access-date=5 January 2024 |work=KQED}}</ref>

==== The Satanic Temple ====
{{main|The Satanic Temple}}

[[File:The Satanic Temple, Salem, MA 2023-02-23 01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|The headquarters of [[the Satanic Temple]] and Salem Art Gallery at [[Salem, Massachusetts]]]]
The Satanic Temple (TST), has been called the "most prominent" satanic organization "in terms of both size and public activity" (as of late 2023).<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.7/> Based in [[Salem, Massachusetts]] and active since 2012,<ref>{{Cite web |last=TST |title=New milestone: over 700,000 members! |url=https://thesatanictemple.com/blogs/news/new-milestone-over-700-000-members |access-date=2023-01-23 |website=TST |language=en}}</ref> it claims 700,000 members worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Romero |first1=Dennis |title=SatanCon, poking at religion and government, opens this weekend in Boston |url=https://nbcnews.com/news/us-news/satancon-poking-religion-government-opens-weekend-boston-rcna81275 |website=NBC News |date=25 April 2023 |publisher=NBC UNIVERSAL |access-date=25 April 2023}}</ref>   Like the older Church of Satan, its congregants do not believe in a supernatural Satan, but if the CoS saw Satanism as a "negative mirror" of Christianity, reversing Christian principles of altruism (helping the downtrodden and community-mindedness) to selfishness, the Christian principles TST wants to reverse are  politically conservative activist/fundamentalist ones—the elimination of the right to abortion, of the teaching of evolution, of the separation of church and state, etc. This "left-wing",<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.7/> "socially engaged Satanism",<ref>J. P. Laycock, ''Speak of the Devil: How the Satanic Temple Is Changing the Way We Talk about Religion'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 2020)</ref> involves activism,<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.7>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 2023]]: 7 Contemporary Developments in Satanism</ref>  rather than the individualism and right-wing-oriented,{{sfn|van Luijk|2016|p=326}} "getting what you want for yourself",<ref name=CoSPoP/> of the CoS.{{#tag:ref|"The Church of Satan's Policy on Politics"<ref name=CoSPoP/> is that the Church has no  "'official' political position". "Politics are up to each individual member", and those members embrace all sorts of different ideologies (it then lists every conceivable ideology including Communism and Socialism), but most  members will "support political candidates and movements whose goals reflect their own practical needs and desires".<ref name=CoSPoP/> It also describes "the emotional drive to 'change the world'" as a "common stage of early adult development typically beginning around age 16 and lasting until around age 24".<ref name=CoSPoP>{{cite web |title=The Church of Satan's Policy on Politics|
url=https://www.churchofsatan.com/policy-on-politics/ |website=Church of Satan|access-date=7 January 2023}}</ref>
Elsewhere however, Church writings argue for things not at all consistent with any leftward or even centrist politics. According to Ruben van Luijk and Amina Lap,  LaVey thought eugenics could and should be part of the human future, leading to the breeding of an elite reflecting LaVey's "Satanic" principles,{{sfnm|1a1=Lap|1y=2013|1p=95 |2a1=van Luijk|2y=2016|2p=376}} who would come to power, and then hopefully relegate the rest of the human "herd" into ghettoes, ideally "space ghettoes" located on other planets.{{sfn|van Luijk|2016|p=375}}  
|group=Note}}

They have been called "rationalist, political pranksters" (by Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen),{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=219}} with pranks designed to highlight religious hypocrisy and advance the cause of [[secularism]].{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=220}} One such prank was performing a "Pink Mass" over the grave of the mother of the evangelical Christian and prominent anti-LGBT preacher [[Fred Phelps]] and claiming that the mass converted the spirit of Phelps' mother into a lesbian.{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=219}} The "Seven Fundamental" tenets of the temple on its website mention compassion, justice, freedom, inviolability of the human body, conforming to scientific understanding, human fallibility—but say nothing about Satan.<ref name="TST">{{cite web |title=There are Seven FUNDAMENTAL TENETS |url=https://thesatanictemple.com/pages/about-us |website=THE SATANIC TEMPLE |access-date=5 January 2024}}</ref><ref name=JPLS2023:sect.7-temple>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 2023]]: 7. Contemporary Developments in Satanism. The Satanic Temple.</ref><ref name="Oppenheimer">{{Cite news |last=Oppenheimer |first=Mark |date=10 July 2015 |title=A Mischievous Thorn in the Side of Conservative Christianity |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/11/us/a-mischievious-thorn-in-the-side-of-conservative-christianity.html |access-date=2015-07-11 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Temple has been described as using the [[Devil in popular culture#Literature|literary Satan]] as metaphor to  promote pragmatic skepticism, rational reciprocity, personal autonomy, and curiosity;<ref name="Oppenheimer"/> and as a symbol to represent "the eternal rebel" against arbitrary authority and social norms.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |title=FAQ |language=en-US |newspaper=TST |url=http://thesatanictemple.com/faq |access-date=2015-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=What does Satan mean to the Satanic Temple? – CNN |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/videos/tv/2015/11/30/satanic-temple-lisa-ling-orig.cnn |access-date=2015-12-02}}</ref>

The temple has also demanded the privileges the government affords Christians, such as giving prayers before city council meetings, erecting (satanic) statues on government property, distributing it is materials in public schools. As the movement became bigger, its congregations volunteered to clean highways and help the homeless, at least in part to demonstrate they were civic minded and not evil.<ref>{{cite web |author=Massoud Hayoun |date=8 December 2013 |title=Group aims to put 'Satanist' monument near Oklahoma capitol &#124; Al Jazeera America |url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2013/12/8/satanists-aim-tobuildamonumentonthebiblebelt.html |access-date=2014-03-25 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 December 2013 |title=Satanists petition to build monument on Oklahoma state capitol grounds &#124; Washington Times Communities |url=http://communities.washingtontimes.com/neighborhood/world-our-backyard/2013/dec/9/satanists-petition-build-monument-oklahoma-state-c/ |access-date=2014-03-25 |work=The Washington Times}}</ref> It has made efforts at [[lobbying]],<ref name="greaves">{{cite web |last=Bugbee |first=Shane |date=30 July 2013 |title=Unmasking Lucien Greaves, Leader of the Satanic Temple |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/unmasking-lucien-greaves-aka-doug-mesner-leader-of-the-satanic-temple/ |access-date=2014-03-25 |publisher=Vice.com}}</ref> with a focus on the separation of church and state and using satire against [[Christian Church|Christian groups]] that it believes interfere with personal freedom.<ref name="greaves" />

[[Lucien Greaves]] has described the Temple as being a progressive and updated version of [[LaVeyan Satanism|LaVey's Satanism]],{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|p=220}} posted a fairly detailed refutation of LaVey's doctrines,<ref name="Greaves-CoS-v-TST"/> accusing the Church of fetishizing authoritarianism,<ref name="greaves"/><ref name="AfterSchoolSatan">{{cite web |title=FAQ |url=https://afterschoolsatan.com/educatin-with-satan/faq/ |website=After School Satan |access-date=29 November 2018 |archive-date=16 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116170111/https://afterschoolsatan.com/educatin-with-satan/faq/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> and explaining how elements of [[Social Darwinism]] and [[Nietzscheanism]] within LaVeyan Satanism are incongruent with [[game theory]], [[reciprocal altruism]], and [[cognitive science]].<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://davidpakman.com/interviews/douglas-mesner/ |title=Satanic Temple Founder Talks Atheistic Religion |work=[[The David Pakman Show]] |date=9 October 2014 |access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref> The Church of Satan, on the other hand, has declared the TST members as only "masquerading" as Satanists,<ref name="COS1">{{cite news |title=Third Side Intelligence: Missouri Abortions |website=Church of Satan|url=https://www.churchofsatan.com/third-side-intelligence-missouri-abortions-the/ |date=10 October 2017 |access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/us-law-week/satans-lawyers-try-christian-right-tactics-to-erect-winged-goat|title=Satanists Go to Court Seeking Right to Pray at City Meetings|website=Bloomberg Law|last1=Larson|first1=Erik|date=22 March 2021|accessdate=28 March 2021}}</ref> being in violation of the "five decades of a clearly defined belief system called Satanism expounded by a worldwide organization" (i.e. [[LaVeyan Satanism]]).<ref name="CoS-TST-FS"/>

=== Theistic Satanism ===

[[Theistic Satanism]] (otherwise referred to as traditional Satanism, spiritual Satanism, or religious Satanism) is a form of Satanism with the primary belief that Satan is an actual [[deity]] or force to revere or worship.<ref name="Satanism-Introduction"/><ref name=autogenerated6>{{cite book |last=Partridge |first=Christopher |author-link=Christopher Partridge |year=2004 |title=The Re-Enchantment of the West: Alternative Spiritualities, Sacralization, Popular Culture, and Occulture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g05THJPH5xUC&pg=PA82 |volume=1 |publisher=[[T&T Clark]] |location=London |page=82 |isbn=0-567-08269-5}}</ref> Other characteristics of theistic Satanism may include a belief in [[Magic (paranormal)|magic]], which is manipulated through [[ritual]], although that is not a defining criterion, and theistic Satanists may focus solely on devotion.

==== First Church of Satan ====
The First Church of Satan (FCoS), a splinter group that separated from LaVey's Church of Satan during the 1970s,{{sfn|Lewis|2001a|page=91}} attempts to rediscover the teachings of Aleister Crowley and believe that [[Anton LaVey]] actually was a ''[[Magic (supernatural)|magus]]'' in the early days of the Church of Satan but gradually renounced his powers, became isolated and embittered.{{sfn|Lewis|2001a|page=91}} Furthermore, the First Church of Satan strongly criticizes the current Church of Satan as a pale shadow of its former self, and they strive to "maintain a Satanic organization that is not hostile or manipulative toward its own members".{{sfn|Lewis|2001a|page=91}}

==== Temple of Set ====
{{Main|Temple of Set}}

The Temple of Set (ToS) is an [[occult]] [[left-hand path]] religious organization. It was founded in 1975 when [[Michael Angelo Aquino|Michael Aquino]], the founder of a Church of Satan Grotto in Louisville, Kentucky, and editor of the Church's newsletter, ''The Cloven Hoof'', left the church, taking 28 members with him.<ref>{{cite book |title= Church of Satan |url= http://www.xeper.org/maquino/nm/COS.pdf |last= Aquino |first= Michael |year= 2002 |publisher= Temple of Set |location= San Francisco |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070712000522/http://www.xeper.org/maquino/nm/COS.pdf |archive-date= 12 July 2007 }}</ref><ref>Boulware, "A Devil of a Time"; Lyons, Satan Wants You, p. 126.</ref> Aquino's anger that LaVey had devalued his high level grade of "magister" in the church may have initiated his break, but Aquino also disagreed with LaVey's materialist philosophy, arguing that while the church might publicly be materialist, Satan as symbol was "only part of the truth". Aquino held a ritual to ask Satan "where to lead" his CoS defectors and, on the night of 21–22 June 1975, Satan allegedly told him to "Reconsecrate my Temple and my Order in the true name of Set. No longer will I accept the bastard title of a Hebrew fiend." Thus Aquino came to believe that the name ''Satan'' was a corruption of the name ''Set'', the  Egyptian god of darkness.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-ToS>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 1981]]: 5 The Temple of Set and Esoteric Satanism.The Temple of Set</ref>{{sfn|Gardell|2003|p=390}} The philosophy of the Temple of Set may be summed up as "enlightened individualism"—enhancement and improvement of oneself by personal education, experiment, and initiation. This process is necessarily different and distinctive for each individual. The members do not agree on whether Set is real or symbolic, and they're not expected to.{{sfn|Harvey|2009}}

The Temple teaches that Set is a real entity,{{sfnm|1a1=Petersen|1y=2005|1p=436 |2a1=Harvey|2y=2009|2p=32}} and the only real god in existence, with all other gods being created by the human imagination.{{sfnm|1a1=Granholm|1y=2009|1pp=93–94 |2a1=Granholm|2y=2013|2p=218}} Set is described as having given humanity—through the means of non-natural [[evolution]]—the "Black Flame" or the "Gift of Set", which is a questioning intellect that sets humans apart from other animals.{{sfnm|1a1=La Fontaine|1y=1999|1p=102 |2a1=Gardell|2y=2003|2p=291 |3a1=Petersen|3y=2005|3p=436}} While Setians are expected to revere Set, they do not worship him.{{sfn|Granholm|2009|p=94}} Central to Setian philosophy is the human individual,{{sfn|Schipper|2010|p=109}} with [[self-deification]] presented as the ultimate goal.{{sfn|Faxneld|Petersen|2013a|p=7}}

Estimates of the Temple's total are between 300 and 500 as of 2005 (Petersen);{{sfn|Petersen|2005|p=435}} and approximately 200 as of 2007 (Granholm).{{sfnm|1a1=Granholm|1y=2009|1p=93 |2a1=Granholm|2y=2013|2p=223}} Members must remain active. New members have one year to join a pylon (a Local chapter) and must reach the second degree of adept by showing proficiency in magic within two years, or have their memberships revoked.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-ToS/>

Aquino died in September 2019 at the age of 72. High priests after Aquino were Don Webb starting in 1996, Zeena Schreck starting in 2002 (who lasted only six weeks when Aquino took over again), Patricia Hardy starting in 2004.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-ToS/>

==== Temple of Zeus ====
{{Main|Temple of Zeus (organization)}}

The Temple of Zeus (ToZ) is a [[Western esotericism|western esoteric]] [[occult]] organization that combines Satanism, the [[Ancient astronauts|ancient alien astronaut "hypothesis"]], and [[antisemitism]].<ref name="JPLS2023:sect.5-Other">[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 1981]]: 5 The Temple of Set and Esoteric Satanism. Other Esoteric Groups</ref> It was originally founded as the Joy of Satan Ministries in the early 2000s by Maxine Dietrich (pseudonym of Andrea Maxine Dietrich),{{sfn|Asprem|Granholm|2014|pp=144–146}}<ref name=":4">{{cite web |last=Petersen |first=Jesper |date=27–29 August 2012 |title=Bracketing Beelzebub: Satanism studies and/as boundary work |url=https://contern.org/cyberproceedings/papers-from-the-1st-international-conference-on-contemporary-esotericism/jesper-aa-petersen-bracketing-beelzebub-satanism-studies-andas-boundary-work/ |access-date=25 January 2021 |website=ContERN}}</ref> wife of the [[National Socialist Movement (United States)|National Socialist Movement]] of the United States' co-founder and former leader Clifford Herrington.{{sfn|Introvigne|2016|pp=370–371}} With its inception, spiritual Satanism was born—a current that until recently was regarded only as "theist", but then defined into "Spiritual Satanism" by theistic Satanists who concluded that the term ''spiritual'' in Satanism represented the best answer to the world,<ref name=":5">{{cite web |last=Twilight |first=Jennifer |date=25 January 2021 |title=Analysis on the Joy of Satan |url=https://www.unionesatanistiitaliani.it/index.php/analisi-del-progetto-joy-of-satan |access-date=25 January 2021 |website=Italian Satanist Union}}</ref> considering it a "moral slap" toward the earlier carnal and materialistic LaVeyan Satanism, and instead focusing its attention upon [[spiritual evolution]].<ref name=":5" /> Joy of Satan presents a unique synthesis of theistic Satanism, [[Nazism]], [[Gnosticism]], [[Modern Paganism|Paganism]], [[Western esotericism]], [[UFO conspiracy theory|UFO conspiracy theories]], and extraterrestrial hypotheses similar to those popularized by [[Zecharia Sitchin]] and [[David Icke]].<ref name=":4" />

Members of Temple of Zeus are generally [[polytheists]], believing that Satan is one of many [[deities]].<ref name=":03">{{Cite book |last=McBride |first=Jaemes |title=The Divine Province: Birthing New Earth |publisher=Ed Rychkun |year=2013 |isbn=978-1927066034 |location= |page=84}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite news |last=ATLANTA |first=J.F. |date=9 January 2014 |title=What do Satanists believe? |url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2014/01/09/what-do-satanists-believe |access-date=25 January 2021 |newspaper=The Economist}}</ref> While Satan and demons are considered deities within ToZ, the deities themselves are understood to be highly evolved, un-aging, sentient, and powerful humanoid extraterrestrial beings.<ref name=":03" />{{sfn|Introvigne|2016|pp=370–371}}{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|pp=144–232}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Paniccia |first=Enrico |date=17 January 2021 |title=The dark side of Christianity |url=https://www.consulpress.eu/il-lato-oscuro-del-cristianesimo/ |access-date=25 January 2021 |work=Consul Press}}</ref> Satan and many demons are equated with gods from ancient cultures, some of which include the [[Sumerian religion|Sumerian]] god [[Enki]], and the [[Yazidism|Yazidi]] angel [[Melek Taus]] being seen as Satan, borrowing their theistic Satanist interpretations of Enki from the writings of [[Zecharia Sitchin]], and Melek Taus partially deriving from the writings of Anton LaVey.{{sfn|Introvigne|2016|pp=370–371}} Satan is seen not only as an important deity but a powerful and sentient being responsible for the creation of humanity.<ref name=":03" />{{sfn|Introvigne|2016|pp=370–371}} Satan is also revered by ToZ as "the true father and creator God of humanity",<ref name=":22" /> the bringer of knowledge, and whose desire is for his creations, humans, to elevate themselves through knowledge and understanding.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":22" />

In their beliefs, [[Yazidism]] (a pre-Islamic religion of about one million members found mainly in northern [[Iraq]], that holds that Melek Taûs/''Tawûsî Melek'', "the Peacock Angel", is the leader of the archangels and functions as the ruler of the world; but who Muslims believe is a fallen angel), is in juxtaposition with Satanism as they consider the two share similar elements, such as Yazidi devotees being defined by Muslims as "devotees to [[Shaytan]]" and regarded as Satanists.<ref name=":5" /> It is also believed that the figure of Melek Taus, the peacock angel, may derive from much older pagan deities, such as [[Saraswati]], the Hindu goddess of wisdom who rides a peacock, or even the god [[Indra]], who transforms into a peacock.<ref name=":5" /> The story of Melek Taus itself is also considered by ToZ to have many satanic elements, such as being described as the angel who rebelled against the Abrahamic God.<ref name=":5" /> The sacred text of the Yazidis, the [[Al-Jilwah]], is claimed by the ToZ as the word of Satan.<ref name=":5" />

While maintaining some popularity as a theistic Satanist sect, the group has been widely criticized for its association with the National Socialist Movement and its racial [[anti-Jewish]], [[anti-Judaic]], and [[Criticism of Christianity|anti-Christian]] sentiment, as well as its [[anti-Semitic conspiracy theories]].{{sfn|Dyrendal|Lewis|Petersen|2016|pp=144–232}}<ref>{{cite web |date=27 September 2019 |title=Satanism |url=https://www.history.com/topics/1960s/satanism |access-date=25 January 2021 |website=HISTORY}}</ref> Much of their beliefs on aliens, meditation, and telepathic contacts with demons have become popular in a larger milieu within the currents of recent non-LaVeyan theistic Satanism.{{sfn|Introvigne|2016|pp=370–371}}

==== Order of Nine Angles ====

{{Main|Order of Nine Angles|Timeline of crimes involving the Order of Nine Angles}}
[[File:Flag of the Order of Nine Angles.svg|thumb|Flag of the O9A]]
During the 1990s, the idea that groups like Church of Satan and Temple of Set were "too benevolent and law-abiding" to be true Satanists grew, particularly among musicians and fans in extreme heavy metal music, where being more extreme meant being more authentic.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-Amoral-O9A>[[#JPLS2023|Laycock, ''Satanism'', 1981]]: 5 The Temple of Set and Esoteric Satanism.Amoral Groups and the Order of Nine Angles</ref> These antinomian and amoral Satanic (or post-Satanic) groups are sometimes called the "sinister tradition" of Satanism.<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-Amoral-O9A/>
 
The Order of Nine Angles has been called "the ur-type that defines the sinister tradition"<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-Amoral-O9A/> and is connected to multiple killings, rapes, and cases of child abuse and  [[right-wing terrorism]].<ref name=NS-4-3-2020/>
According to the group's own claims, the Order of Nine Angles (O9A or ONA) was established in [[Shropshire]], England, during the late 1960s, when a Grand Mistress united a number of ancient pagan groups active in the area.{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrick-Clarke|1y=2003|1p=218 |2a1=Senholt|2y=2013|2p=256}} This account states that when the Order's Grand Mistress migrated to Australia, a man known as "Anton Long" took over as the new Grand Master.{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrick-Clarke|1y=2003|1p=218|2a1=Senholt|2y=2013|2p=256}} From 1976 onward, he authored an array of texts for the tradition, codifying and extending its teachings, mythos, and structure.{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrick-Clarke|1y=2003|1p=218 |2a1=Senholt|2y=2013|2p=256 |3a1=Monette|3y=2013|3p=87}} Various academics have argued that Long is the pseudonym of [[British National Socialist Movement]] activist [[David Myatt]],{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrick-Clarke|1y=2003|1p=216 |2a1=Senholt|2y=2013|2p=268 |3a1=Faxneld|3y=2013|3p=207}} (Myatt denies it but Religion scholar Jacob Senholt "copies of ONA documents from 1978 with Myatt’s name on them" have been found and "early ONA texts were published" by a press that "Myatt owned").<ref>Senholt, "The Sinister Tradition," pp. 47–8</ref>{{sfnm|1a1=Ryan|1y=2003|1p=53 |2a1=Senholt|2y=2013|2p=267}} The O9A arose to public attention in the early 1980s,{{sfn|Gardell|2003|p=293}} spreading its message through magazine articles over the following two decades.{{sfn|Senholt|2013|p=256}} In 2000, it established a presence on the internet,{{sfn|Senholt|2013|p=256}} later adopting social media to promote its message.{{sfn|Monette|2013|p=107}}

O9A consists largely of secretive,{{sfn|Kaplan|2000|p=236}} autonomous [[covert cell|cells]] known as "nexions",{{sfn|Monette|2013|p=88}} operating as a network of allied Satanic practitioners, which it terms the "kollective".{{sfn|Monette|2013|p=88}} The majority of these are located in Britain, Ireland, and Germany, although others are located elsewhere in Europe, and in Russia, Egypt, South Africa, Brazil, Australia, and the United States. In recent decades up to 2023, O9A has caught the attention of "white supremacist groups and troubled young men" through its material online, and as of 2013  2,000 people "may be associated with the ONA in one form or another", according to one estimate.<ref name=ftnt>Monette, Mysticism in the 21st Century, p. 89.</ref><ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-Amoral-O9A/>

The O9A describe their occultism as "Traditional Satanism".{{sfnm|1a1=Faxneld|1y=2013|1p=207 |2a1=Faxneld|2y=2014|2p=88 |3a1=Senholt|3y=2013|3p=250 |4a1=Sieg|4y=2013|4p=252}} The O9A's writings not only  encourage human sacrifice,{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrick-Clarke|1y=2003|1pp=218–219 |2a1=Baddeley|2y=2010|2p=155}} but insist it is required in Satanism,<ref name=JPLS2023:sect.5-Amoral-O9A/> referring to their victims as ''opfers''.{{sfn|Goodrick-Clarke|2003|p=219}} According to the Order's teachings, such opfers must demonstrate character faults that mark them out as being worthy of death.{{sfnm|1a1=Kaplan|1y=2000|1p=237 |2a1=Ryan|2y=2003|2p=54}}{{sfnm|1a1=Harvey|1y=1995|1p=292 |2a1=Kaplan|2y=2000|2p=237}} No O9A cell has admitted to carrying out a sacrifice in a ritualized manner, but rather, Order members have joined the police and military to carry out such killings.{{sfn|Monette|2013|p=114}} Faxneld described the Order as "a dangerous and extreme form of Satanism",{{sfn|Faxneld|2013|p=207}} while religious studies scholar [[Graham Harvey (religious studies scholar)|Graham Harvey]] wrote that the O9A fit the stereotype of the Satanist "better than other groups" by embracing "deeply shocking" and illegal acts.{{sfn|Harvey|1995|p=292}} Several British politicians, including the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]'s [[Yvette Cooper]], chair of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]],<ref name=NS-4-3-2020>{{cite news |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2020/03/nazi-satanist-cult-fuelling-far-right-terrorist-groups-overlooked-uk-authorities-order-nine-angles |title=A Nazi-satanist cult is fuelling far-right groups |magazine=New Statesman |date=4 March 2020 |access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref> have pushed for the group to be banned as a terror organization, and according to the [[BBC News]], "the authorities are concerned by the number of paedophiles associated with the ONA." Additionally, there are various followers of the O9A paradigm who are (or were) also members of banned militant national-socialist groups, namely the [[Atomwaffen Division]], [[Combat 18]], and [[Nordic Resistance Movement]], the first of which even openly aims to perpetrate terror attacks.<ref name=terrorism>
* {{cite web | date=9 March 2020 | url=https://www.hopenothate.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/state-of-hate-2020-final.pdf | title=State of Hate 2020 | quote=Over the last 12 months four nazis convicted of terrorist offences have been linked to O9A, and there are two more cases pending. | publisher=[[Hope not Hate]]}}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-53141759 | title=Order of Nine Angles: What is this obscure Nazi Satanist group? | work=[[BBC News]] | quote=The Sonnenkrieg Division, with its glorification of sexual violence, highlights another disturbing theme relating to the ONA – sexual offending as a way of undermining social norms....The authorities are concerned by the number of paedophiles associated with the ONA, taking the group into a different area of law enforcement activity. | date=29 June 2020}}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-49773773 | title=High Wycombe neo-Nazi Jacek Tchorzewski jailed for terror offences | work=[[BBC News]] | date=20 September 2019 | quote=The satanist text demonstrated a "marked fixation with blood, the sexualisation of violence, a paedophilic projection of adult sexuality onto children, and with achieving National Socialist political goals through political violence and acts of terrorism".}}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-51682760 | title=UK Nazi Satanist group should be outlawed, campaigners urge | work=[[BBC News]] | date=16 July 2020 | quote=ONA's Nazi-Satanist ideology, a supernatural worldview that encourages the disruption of society through violence, criminality and sexual offending.}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.counterextremism.com/supremacy/order-nine-angles | title=Order of Nine Angles | quote=One piece of propaganda the group produced is called The Rape Anthology, a collection of ONA writings praising Hitler, Satan, and rape, while employing Islamic terminology and demonizing Jews and minorities. Some of the essays suggest that rape is necessary for the ascension of the Ubermensch. | publisher=[[Counter Extremism Project]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/random-murder-of-muslim-man-linked-to-neo-nazi-death-cult-report/ | title='Random' Murder of Muslim Man Linked to 'Neo-Nazi Death Cult': Report | date=30 September 2020}}</ref>

==== 764 ====
[[764 (organization)|764]] is an offshoot of ONA,<ref name=":10">{{Cite news |last=Winston |first=Ali |date=2023-09-28 |title=A 23-year-old was arrested for gun possession. It led the FBI to a global Satanic cult, |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/sep/28/new-york-satanic-cult-764-fbi |access-date=2024-11-17 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and a satanist neo-Nazi cult and a terrorist group.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Belanger |first=Ashley |date=2024-11-08 |title=Discord terrorist known as "Rabid" gets 30 years for preying on kids |url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2024/11/discord-terrorist-known-as-rabid-gets-30-years-for-preying-on-kids/ |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Royal Canadian Mounted Police |date=2024-08-27 |title=RCMP reminds Canadians about violent online groups targeting youth {{!}} Royal Canadian Mounted Police |url=https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/en/news/2024/rcmp-reminds-canadians-violent-online-groups-targeting-youth |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241002171143/https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/en/news/2024/rcmp-reminds-canadians-violent-online-groups-targeting-youth |archive-date=2024-10-02 |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca}}</ref> 764 members engage in a wide variety of crimes in both real life and the internet; [[cybercrime]], [[swatting]], [[child exploitation]], assaults, murders and rapes.<ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine |last=Winston |first=Ali |title=There Are Dark Corners of the Internet. Then There's 764 |url=https://www.wired.com/story/764-com-child-predator-network/ |access-date=2024-11-17 |magazine=Wired |language=en-US |issn=1059-1028 |quote=the com/764 extortion network.}}</ref> 764 members form "blood pacts" with Satan as a demonstration of their faith.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |last=Lamoureux |first=Mack |date=2023-02-03 |title=Neo-Nazi Pedophilic Cult Member Allegedly Coerced Minors to Make Child Porn |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/neo-nazi-pedophile-cult-arrest-order-of-nine-angles/ |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=VICE |language=en-US}}</ref> In September 2023, the FBI published a bulletin warning the public of the network.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) {{!}} Violent Online Groups Extort Minors to Self-Harm and Produce Child Sexual Abuse Material |url=https://www.ic3.gov/PSA/2023/PSA230912 |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=www.ic3.gov}}</ref>

=== Luciferianism ===
{{Main|Luciferianism}}
[[File:Sigil of Lucifer.svg|thumb|upright=0.6|The sigil of Lucifer]]
Luciferians reportedly revere [[Lucifer]] not as the devil, but as a destroyer, guardian, liberator,<ref name="Spence, L. 1993">{{cite book |title=An Encyclopedia of Occultism |author=Spence, L. |publisher=Carol Publishing |date=1993}}</ref> light bringer, and/or guiding spirit to darkness,<ref>{{cite book |title=Vampires in Their Own Words: An Anthology of Vampire Voices |author=Michelle Belanger |author-link=Michelle Belanger |publisher=[[Llewellyn Worldwide]] |date=2007 |page=175 |isbn=978-0-7387-1220-8}}</ref> or even as the true god, as opposed to [[Jehovah]].<ref name="Spence, L. 1993"/> The Greater Church of Lucifer of Houston lost its place of worship in 2017 after vandalism and death threats to its landlord caused him to refuse to renew the church's lease.<ref name="Blakinger-2017">{{cite news |last1=Blakinger |first1=Keri |title=LIFESTYLE // HOUSTON BELIEF. Exorcised: Luciferian church looks to start anew after harassment |url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/lifestyle/houston-belief/article/Exorcised-Luciferian-church-looks-to-start-anew-11093429.php |access-date=5 January 2024 |work=Houston Chronicle |date=23 April 2017}}</ref>