Editing Samarkand (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Samarkand, Uzbekistan.jpg|thumb|Samarkand from space in September 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=82116 |title=Samarkand, Uzbekistan |date=23 September 2013 |publisher=Earthobservatory.nasa.gov |access-date=2014-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150917201736/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=82116 |archive-date=2015-09-17 |url-status=live}}</ref>]]
Samarkand is located in southeastern Uzbekistan, in the [[Zeravshan (river)|Zarefshan River]] valley, 135&nbsp;km from [[Qarshi]]. Road M37 connects Samarkand to [[Bukhara]], 240&nbsp;km away. Road M39 connects it to [[Tashkent]], 270&nbsp;km away. The [[Tajikistan]] border is about 35&nbsp;km from Samarkand; the Tajik capital [[Dushanbe]] is 210&nbsp;km away from Samarkand. Road M39 connects Samarkand to [[Mazar-i-Sharif]] in [[Afghanistan]], which is 340&nbsp;km away.

===Climate===
Samarkand has a [[cold semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''BSk'') with hot, dry summers and relatively wet, variable winters that alternate periods of warm weather with periods of cold weather. July and August are the hottest months of the year, with temperatures reaching and exceeding {{cvt|40|C}}. Precipitation is sparse from June through October, but increases to a maximum from February to April. January 2008 was particularly cold; the temperature dropped to {{cvt|-22|°C|0}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.samarkand.info/html/weather.html |title=Weather in Samarkand |access-date=2009-06-11 |author=Samarkand.info |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604132408/http://www.samarkand.info/html/weather.html |archive-date=2009-06-04 |url-status=live}}</ref>
{{Weather box
|width=auto
|location=Samarkand (1991–2020, extremes 1891–present)
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
| Jan record high C=23.2
| Feb record high C=26.7
| Mar record high C=32.2
| Apr record high C=36.2
| May record high C=39.5
| Jun record high C=41.6
| Jul record high C=42.4
| Aug record high C=41.0
| Sep record high C=38.6
| Oct record high C=35.2
| Nov record high C=31.5
| Dec record high C=27.5
|year record high C=42.4
| Jan high C=7.3
| Feb high C=9.5
| Mar high C=15.2
| Apr high C=21.4
| May high C=27.0
| Jun high C=32.4
| Jul high C=34.5
| Aug high C=33.3
| Sep high C=28.6
| Oct high C=22.0
| Nov high C=14.4
| Dec high C=9.1
|year high C=
| Jan mean C=2.3
| Feb mean C=4.0
| Mar mean C=9.3
| Apr mean C=15.2
| May mean C=20.4
| Jun mean C=25.4
| Jul mean C=27.2
| Aug mean C=25.6
| Sep mean C=20.6
| Oct mean C=14.1
| Nov mean C=8.0
| Dec mean C=3.7
|year mean C=
| Jan low C=−1.3
| Feb low C=−0.2
| Mar low C=4.6
| Apr low C=9.7
| May low C=14.1
| Jun low C=18.0
| Jul low C=19.5
| Aug low C=17.9
| Sep low C=13.5
| Oct low C=7.8
| Nov low C=3.2
| Dec low C=−0.2
|year low C=
| Jan record low C=−25.4
| Feb record low C=−22.0
| Mar record low C=−14.9
| Apr record low C=−6.8
| May record low C=−1.3
| Jun record low C=4.8
| Jul record low C=8.6
| Aug record low C=7.8
| Sep record low C=0.0
| Oct record low C=−6.4
| Nov record low C=−18.1
| Dec record low C=−22.8
|year record low C=−25.4
|precipitation colour =green
| Jan precipitation mm=41.1
| Feb precipitation mm=52.2
| Mar precipitation mm=73.2
| Apr precipitation mm=62.9
| May precipitation mm=40.0
| Jun precipitation mm=6.8
| Jul precipitation mm=1.6
| Aug precipitation mm=1.6
| Sep precipitation mm=2.7
| Oct precipitation mm=16.0
| Nov precipitation mm=40.3
| Dec precipitation mm=39.2
|year precipitation mm=377.6
| Jan humidity=76
| Feb humidity=74
| Mar humidity=70
| Apr humidity=63
| May humidity=54
| Jun humidity=42
| Jul humidity=42
| Aug humidity=43
| Sep humidity=47
| Oct humidity=59
| Nov humidity=68
| Dec humidity=74
|year humidity=59
| Jan rain days=8
| Feb rain days=10
| Mar rain days=13
| Apr rain days=11
| May rain days=9
| Jun rain days=3
| Jul rain days=2
| Aug rain days=1
| Sep rain days=2
| Oct rain days=6
| Nov rain days=8
| Dec rain days=9
| year rain days= 82
| Jan snow days=9
| Feb snow days=7
| Mar snow days=3
| Apr snow days=0.3
| May snow days=0.1
| Jun snow days=0
| Jul snow days=0
| Aug snow days=0
| Sep snow days=0
| Oct snow days=0.3
| Nov snow days=2
| Dec snow days=6
|year snow days=28
| Jan sun=119.2
| Feb sun=130.9
| Mar sun=172.2
| Apr sun=228.8
| May sun=297.7
| Jun sun=345.5
| Jul sun=373.1
| Aug sun=358.9
| Sep sun=305.9
| Oct sun=242.6
| Nov sun=150.7
| Dec sun=120.2
|year sun=
| Jan dew point C=-2
| Feb dew point C=-1
| Mar dew point C=2
| Apr dew point C=6
| May dew point C=9
| Jun dew point C=9
| Jul dew point C=10
| Aug dew point C=9
| Sep dew point C=6
| Oct dew point C=4
| Nov dew point C=2
| Dec dew point C=-1
| Jan uv=2
| Feb uv=3
| Mar uv=3
| Apr uv=4
| May uv=5
| Jun uv=6
| Jul uv=6
| Aug uv=6
| Sep uv=4
| Oct uv=3
| Nov uv=2
| Dec uv=2
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net <ref name = Pogoda >
{{cite web
| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate.php?id=38696
| title = Weather and Climate-The Climate of Samarkand
| publisher = Weather and Climate
| language = ru
| access-date = 18 January 2021}}</ref>
|source 2=Weather Atlas (UV),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/uzbekistan/samarkand-climate |title=Samarkand, Uzbekistan – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast |publisher=Weather Atlas |access-date=1 August 2022}}</ref> Time and Date (dewpoints, 1985–2015),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/uzbekistan/samarkand/climate |title=Climate & Weather Averages in Samarkand |publisher=Time and Date |access-date=24 July 2022}}</ref> [[NOAA]]<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Uzbekistan/CSV/Samarkand_38696.csv|title=Samarkand Climate Normals 1991–2020 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=November 1, 2023}}</ref>
|date=August 2023
}}