Editing Royal assent (section)

===Canada===
[[File:Kevin MacLeod in Canadian Senate Chamber 2009.jpg|thumb|[[Kevin S. MacLeod]] as [[Usher of the Black Rod (Canada)|Usher of the Black Rod]] in 2009. Black Rod is a key element of the royal assent ceremony in Canada as in Britain.]]

In Canada, the traditional ceremony for granting assent in Parliament is still regularly used, long after it had been discontinued in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms. One result, conceived as part of a string of acts intended to demonstrate Canada's status as an independent realm, was that King [[George VI]] personally assented to nine bills of the [[Parliament of Canada|Canadian Parliament]] during his [[1939 royal tour of Canada|tour of Canada in 1939]]—85 years after his great-grandmother, [[Queen Victoria]], had last granted royal assent personally in the United Kingdom. Under the Royal Assent Act, 2002, the alternative practice of granting assent in writing, with each house being notified separately, was brought into force. The [[Speaker of the Senate of Canada|speaker of the Senate]] or a representative reads to the senators the letters from the [[Governor General of Canada|governor general]] regarding the written declaration of royal assent.<ref>{{harvnb| Senate of Canada| 2015| p=50}}</ref> As the act provides, royal assent is to be signified—by the governor general or by a deputy, usually a Justice of the [[Supreme Court of Canada|Supreme Court]].<ref name=Richardson/>

The royal assent ceremony takes place in the [[Senate of Canada|Senate]], as the sovereign is traditionally barred from the House of Commons.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Parlinfo/compilations/OfficersAndOfficials/ProceduralOfficersAndSeniorOfficials_Senate.aspx |last=Library of Parliament |author-link=Library of Parliament |title=Parliament > Officers and Officials of Parliament > Procedural Officers and Senior Officials > Senate |publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada |access-date=19 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201130735/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Parlinfo/compilations/OfficersAndOfficials/ProceduralOfficersAndSeniorOfficials_Senate.aspx |archive-date=1 December 2008 }}</ref> On the day of the event, the speaker of the Senate will read to the chamber a notice from the [[Secretary to the Governor General of Canada|secretary to the governor general]] indicating when the viceroy or a deputy thereof will arrive. The Senate thereafter cannot adjourn until after the ceremony. The speaker moves to sit beside the throne. The mace bearer, with mace in hand, stands adjacent to him or her, and the governor general enters to take the speaker's chair.<ref name="auto1">"[https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/journals/225jr_2018-06-21-e 7 1st Session, 42nd Parliament, Issue 225]". [[Senate of Canada]], June 21, 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2021</ref>

The [[Usher of the Black Rod (Canada)|usher of the Black Rod]] is then commanded by the speaker to summon the members of Parliament, who follow black rod back to the Senate, the [[Serjeant-at-arms#Canada|sergeant-at-arms]] carrying the mace of the House of Commons. In the Senate, those from the Commons stand behind the bar, while black rod proceeds to stand next to the governor general, who then nods his or her head to signify royal assent to the presented bills (which do not include supply bills). Once the list of bills is complete, the clerk of the Senate states: "in his [or her] majesty's name, his [or her] excellency the governor general [or the deputy] doth assent to these bills."<ref name="auto1"/>

If there are any supply bills to receive royal assent, the speaker of the House of Commons will read their titles and the Senate clerk repeats them to the governor general, who nods his or her head to communicate royal assent. When these bills have all been assented to, the clerk of the Senate recites "in his [or her] majesty's name, his [or her] excellency the governor general [or the deputy] thanks his [or her] loyal subjects, accepts their benevolence, and assents to these bills." The governor general or his or her deputy then depart Parliament.<ref>{{harvnb| Senate of Canada| 2015| p=52}}</ref>