Editing Quebec City (section)

==Attractions==
Given the mass of [[Cap Diamant]] and the presence of [[Citadelle of Quebec|la Citadelle]] atop it, overlooking the waters of the St. Lawrence River, [[Charles Dickens]] described Quebec City as the "[[Gibraltar]] of [[North America]]".<ref>{{citation| url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/quebec-city-in-the-war-of-1812| last=Marsh| first=James A.| title=Quebec City in the War of 1812| date=30 October 2014| encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia| publisher=Historica Canada| accessdate=26 March 2023}}</ref>

===Architecture===
{{Main|Architecture of Quebec City}}
[[File:Rue St Jean.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|The [[Ramparts of Quebec City|St. Jean (St. John) Gate]]]]

Much of the city's notable traditional architecture is located in [[Vieux-Québec]] (Old Quebec), within and below the [[Ramparts of Quebec City|fortifications]]. This area has a distinct European feel with its stone buildings and winding streets lined with shops and restaurants. Porte Saint-Louis and Porte Saint-Jean are the main gates through the walls from the modern section of downtown; the Kent Gate was a gift to the province from [[Queen Victoria]] and the foundation stone was laid by the Queen's daughter, [[Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll|Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lorne]], on 11 June 1879.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hubbard |first=R.H. |url=https://archive.org/details/rideauhallillust00hubb/page/49 |title=Rideau Hall |publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-7735-0310-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/rideauhallillust00hubb/page/49 49] |url-access=registration}}</ref> West of the walls are the [[Parliament Hill (Quebec City)|Parliament Hill]] area, and to the south the [[Plains of Abraham]].

The upper and lower town are linked by numerous stairs such as the ''Escalier « casse-cou »'' ("breakneck stairway") or the [[Old Quebec Funicular]] on the historic [[Rue du Petit-Champlain]], where many small boutiques are found. A small town square nearby, the Place Royale, now surrounded by picturesque stone buildings, is the site of [[Champlain]]'s founding of the city in 1608. On it is the [[Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Quebec City|Notre-Dame-des-Victoires]] church. The [[Musée de la Civilisation]] is located nearby by the river.

[[File:Chateau Frontenac in Quebec City (3875826553).jpg|alt=|thumb|Chateau Frontenac in Quebec City]]
[[File:Quartier Petit Champlain 001.jpg|thumb|The [[Petit Champlain]], containing the pictured [[Rue du Petit-Champlain]], is claimed to be the oldest commercial district in North America.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Simard |first1=Luc |title=Du cap au rivage : promenades dans les rues de Québec |last2=Émond |first2=Chantale |date=1994 |publisher=Ville de Québec |others=Québec (Québec) |isbn=978-2-92-086077-3 |location=Québec |language=fr |oclc=31779784}}</ref>]]
[[File:Le Diamant Theatre.jpg|thumb|[[Le Diamant Theatre]] in Quebec City's Saint-Roch neighborhood]]
[[File:Vieew of Québec from Lévis city, Québec 11.jpg|thumb|Québec, photographed from Lévis]]

Along with concrete high-rises such as [[Édifice Marie-Guyart]] and [[Hôtel Le Concorde|Le Concorde]] on parliament hill (see [[List of tallest buildings in Quebec City]]), the city's skyline is dominated by the massive [[Château Frontenac]] hotel, perched on top of Cap-Diamant. It was designed by architect [[Bruce Price]], as one of a series of [[Canada's railway hotels|"château" style hotels]] built for the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] company. The railway company sought to encourage luxury tourism and bring wealthy travellers to its trains.
Alongside the Château Frontenac is the [[Terrasse Dufferin]], a walkway along the edge of the cliff, offering views of the Saint Lawrence River. The terrace leads toward the nearby [[Plains of Abraham]], site of the battle in which the British took Quebec from France, and the [[Citadelle of Quebec]], a [[Canadian Forces]] installation and the [[Governor General of Canada|federal vice-regal secondary residence]]. The [[Parliament Building (Quebec)|Parliament Building]], the meeting place of the [[Parliament of Quebec]], is also near the [[Citadelle of Quebec|Citadelle]].

Near the Château Frontenac is [[Notre-Dame de Québec Cathedral]], mother church of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec]]. It is the first church in the [[New World]] to be raised to a [[basilica]] and is the [[primate (bishop)|primatial]] church of Canada. There are 37 [[List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec City|National Historic Sites of Canada]] in Quebec City and its enclaves.<ref>The 37 sites in Quebec City are listed in the [https://archive.today/20120906071404/http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/search-recherche_eng.aspx Directory of Federal Heritage Designations] as being located in Québec and the following boroughs/enclaves: Beauport, Cap-Rouge, Notre-Dame-des-Anges, Sainte-Foy and Wendake.</ref>

===Parks===
One of the most notable is [[The Battlefields Park]], which is home to 50 historical artillery pieces and the [[Plains of Abraham]]. The park offers views of the St. Lawrence River and has multiple historical structures and statues like the ''[[Joan of Arc]] on Horseback'' and a couple of [[Martello Towers]].<ref name="ville.quebec.qc.ca">{{Cite web |title=Ville de Québec – Parks and Gardens |url=http://www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/EN/touristes/voir/attraits/parcs_jardins.aspx#tabs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114083801/http://www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/EN/touristes/voir/attraits/parcs_jardins.aspx#tabs |archive-date=14 November 2016 |access-date=14 November 2016 |website=www.ville.quebec.qc.ca}}</ref> Historically this was the site of the [[Battle of the Plains of Abraham]] (1759), a decisive British victory in the [[Seven Years' War]] which ended French rule in what would become Canada, and the later [[Battle of Quebec (1775)]] during the [[American Revolutionary War]], where the British were able to hold onto its last stronghold in the Northern extent of its North American territory.

Other large and centrally located parks are [[Parc Victoria]], Parc [[Maizerets]] and [[Cartier-Brébeuf National Historic Site]].
Quebec City's largest park is the {{ill|Parc Chauveau|fr|Parc Chauveau}}, which is crossed by the suburban section of the city-wide [[Saint-Charles River (Quebec City)|Saint-Charles River]] and is thus also part of the {{convert|31|km|abbr=on}} long Saint-Charles River's [[linear park]]. At Chauveau, activities such as [[canoeing]], fishing and [[cross-country skiing]] are offered depending on the season, in addition to an interior soccer stadium.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Parc Chauveau: la nature à ma portée! |url=https://www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/docs/publications/277_publication_2_530.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115853/http://www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/docs/publications/277_publication_2_530.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=6 October 2018 |publisher=Ville de Québec |language=fr}}</ref> Among others, there is also the beach of Beauport Bay, as well as the Marais du Nord (north-end [[marsh]] land).

Quebec is the only large city in Canada along with [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]] lacking a public [[greenhouse]]. Nonetheless, outside areas known for their public [[gardens]] or [[landscaping]] include:<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hogdson |first=Larry |date=8 September 2018 |title=Québec, toujours un désert botanique? |url=https://www.lesoleil.com/maison/horticulture/quebec-toujours-un-desert-botanique-902ac285ddcced46037a826d41aa4b23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006234927/https://www.lesoleil.com/maison/horticulture/quebec-toujours-un-desert-botanique-902ac285ddcced46037a826d41aa4b23 |archive-date=6 October 2018 |access-date=6 October 2018 |website=Le Soleil |language=fr-CA}}</ref>
* The linear park named {{ill|Promenade Samuel-De Champlain|fr|Promenade Samuel-De Champlain}} that stretches {{convert|4.6|km|abbr=on}} alongside the Saint Lawrence River, from [[Pierre Laporte Bridge]] to Sillery's east-end. Its bicycle and pedestrian paths then continues to Old Quebec and then along the Saint-Charles River.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Québec |first=Office du tourisme de |title=Promenade Samuel-De Champlain |url=https://www.quebecregion.com/en/businesses/sports-outdoor-activities-wellbeing/hiking/promenade-samuel-de-champlain/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006235526/https://www.quebecregion.com/en/businesses/sports-outdoor-activities-wellbeing/hiking/promenade-samuel-de-champlain/ |archive-date=6 October 2018 |access-date=6 October 2018 |website=Official Web Site – Québec City Tourism |language=en}}</ref> Just like the beach at Beauport Bay, the construction of the ''Promenade'' was funded by provincial and federal governments to celebrate the [[400th anniversary of Quebec City]] in 2008.
* [[Government House (Quebec)]], slightly west of the Plains of Abraham in [[Sillery, Quebec City|Sillery]], and known for its [[natural landscaping]] as well as traditional gardens, such as those surrounding the historical {{ill|Villa Bagatelle|fr|Villa Bagatelle}}. The historical significance of the park also lies in the former presence of the viceregal [[Government House (Quebec)|Government House of Quebec]] (1845–1966).
* The [[Maizerets#Domaine de Maizerets|Domaine de Maizerets]], where are found an [[arboretum]] and an [[observation tower]], not far from the Saint Lawrence River and Beauport Bay.
* {{ill|Domaine Cataraqui|fr|Domaine Cataraqui}} in Sillery.
* The {{ill|Roger-Van den Hende Botanical Garden|fr|Jardin universitaire Roger-Van den Hende}} of {{Lang|fr|[[Université Laval]]|italic=no}}.