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===Soviet Union=== {{Main|Population transfer in the Soviet Union}} Shortly before, during and immediately after [[World War II]], [[Joseph Stalin]] conducted a series of deportations on a huge scale, which profoundly affected the ethnic map of the [[Soviet Union]]. Over 1.5 million people were deported to [[Siberia]] and the [[Central Asian]] republics. Separatism, resistance to Soviet rule and collaboration with the [[invasion|invading]] Germans were cited as the main official reasons for the deportations. After World War II, the population of [[East Prussia]] was replaced by the Soviet one, mainly by [[Russians]]. Many Tartari Muslims were transferred to Northern Crimea, now Ukraine, while Southern Crimea and Yalta were populated with Russians. At the conclusion of the [[Yalta Conference]], the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] made numerous promises, one of them was their promise to return all [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] citizens who found themselves in the Allied zone to the Soviet Union ([[Operation Keelhaul]]). That policy immediately affected the [[Nazi crimes against Soviet POWs|Soviet prisoners of war]] who were liberated by the Allies, and it was extended to all [[Eastern Europe]]an [[refugees]]. Outlining the plan to force refugees to return to the [[Soviet Union]], the codicil was kept secret from the American and British people for over 50 years.<ref>Jacob Hornberger ''Repatriation β The Dark Side of World War II''. The Future of Freedom Foundation, 1995. {{cite web |url=http://www.fff.org/freedom/0495a.asp |title=Repatriation -- the Dark Side of World War II, Part 3 |access-date=2014-01-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117092222/http://www.fff.org/freedom/0495a.asp |archive-date=2012-01-17 }}</ref>
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