Editing Philippines (section)

=== Science and technology ===
{{Main|Science and technology in the Philippines|Philippine space program}}
[[File:Head Quarters of the International Rice Research Institute in Los Baños - panoramio.jpg|thumb|alt=Modern, landscaped office building|Headquarters of the [[International Rice Research Institute]] in [[Los Baños, Laguna]]]]

The Philippines has one of the largest agricultural-research systems in Asia, despite relatively low spending on agricultural research and development.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Baconguis |first=Rowena T. |date=February 14, 2022 |title=Agricultural Technology: Why Does the Level of Agricultural Production Remain Low Despite Increased Investments in Research and Extension? |url=https://think-asia.org/bitstream/handle/11540/14877/pidsdps2206.pdf?sequence=1 |journal=PIDS Discussion Paper Series |publisher=[[Philippine Institute for Development Studies]] |location=Quezon City, Philippines |oclc=1302730898 |page=6 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224005936/https://think-asia.org/bitstream/handle/11540/14877/pidsdps2206.pdf?sequence=1 |archive-date=February 24, 2023 |access-date=February 24, 2023 |via=Think Asia}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |last1=Stads |first1=Gert-Jan |last2=Faylon |first2=Patricio S. |last3=Buendia |first3=Leah J. |title=Key trends in agricultural R&D investments in the Philippines |url=https://ebrary.ifpri.org/digital/collection/p15738coll2/id/32328 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230224011436/https://ebrary.ifpri.org/digital/collection/p15738coll2/id/32328 |date=March 2007 |archive-date=February 24, 2023 |access-date=February 24, 2023 |publisher=[[International Food Policy Research Institute]], [[Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development|Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development]]}}</ref> The country has developed new varieties of crops, including [[Rice production in the Philippines|rice]],<ref>{{cite book |type=Conference proceeding |editor-last1=Virmani |editor-first1=S. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xA1jRdqJJzcC |title=Advances in Hybrid Rice Technology: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Hybrid Rice, 14–16 November 1996, Hyderabad, India |editor-last2=Siddiq |editor-first2=E. A. |editor-last3=Muralidharan |editor-first3=K. |date=1998 |publisher=[[International Rice Research Institute]] |location=Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines |isbn=978-971-22-0115-8 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=xA1jRdqJJzcC&pg=PA341 341] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Ricroch |editor-first1=Agnès |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VzkqBAAAQBAJ |title=Plant Biotechnology: Experience and Future Prospects |editor-last2=Chopra |editor-first2=Surinder |editor-last3=Fleischer |editor-first3=Shelby J. |date=July 11, 2014 |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]] |location=Cham, Switzerland |isbn=978-3-319-06892-3 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=VzkqBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA256 256] |language=en}}</ref> coconuts,<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |editor-last1=Cumo |editor-first1=Christopher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ja7WAQAAQBAJ |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Cultivated Plants: From Acacia to Zinnia |volume=I: A–F |title=Coconut |date=April 25, 2013 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |location=Santa Barbara, Calif. |isbn=978-1-59884-775-8 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Ja7WAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA298 298] |language=en}}</ref> and bananas.<ref>{{cite book |type=Conference proceeding |editor-last1=Molina |editor-first1=A. B. |editor-last2=Roa |editor-first2=V. N. |editor-last3=Maghuyop |editor-first3=M. A. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xnY61doEaJUC |title=Advancing banana and plantain R & D in Asia and the Pacific Vol. 10: Proceedings of the 10th INIBAP-ASPNET Regional Advisory Committee meeting held at Bangkok, Thailand, 10–11 November 2000 |date=2001 |publisher=[[International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain]] |location=Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines |isbn=978-971-91751-5-5 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=xnY61doEaJUC&pg=PA53 53] |language=en}}</ref> Research organizations include the [[Philippine Rice Research Institute]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=June 1, 2022 |title=Philippine Rice Research and Technological Advancements |work=[[BusinessMirror]] |url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/2022/06/01/nsic-okays-14-rice-varieties-developed-by-irri-philrice/ |access-date=February 19, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220601083727/https://businessmirror.com.ph/2022/06/01/nsic-okays-14-rice-varieties-developed-by-irri-philrice/ |archive-date=June 1, 2022}}</ref> and the [[International Rice Research Institute]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Philippines |url=https://www.irri.org/where-we-work/countries/philippines |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714103217/https://www.irri.org/where-we-work/countries/philippines |archive-date=July 14, 2019 |access-date=February 9, 2023 |publisher=[[International Rice Research Institute]] |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Philippine Space Agency]] maintains the [[Philippine space program|country's space program]],<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Verspieren |editor-first1=Quentin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQdZEAAAQBAJ |title=ASEAN Space Programs: History and Way Forward |editor-last2=Berthet |editor-first2=Maximilien |editor-last3=Coral |editor-first3=Giulio |editor-last4=Nakasuka |editor-first4=Shinichi |editor-last5=Shiroyama |editor-first5=Hideaki |date=January 12, 2022 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |location=Singapore |isbn=978-981-16-7326-9 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=OQdZEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA57 57–58] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kim |first=Doo Hwan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KUIoEAAAQBAJ |title=Global Issues Surrounding Outer Space Law and Policy |series=Advances in Public Policy and Administration (APPA) Book Series |date=2021 |publisher=IGI Global |location=Hershey, Pa. |isbn=978-1-7998-7409-6 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=KUIoEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69 69] |language=en}}</ref> and the country bought its first [[List of Philippine satellites|satellite]] in 1996.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=July 25, 1996 |title=Mabuhay acquires Indon satellite; sets new orbit |page=9 |work=[[Manila Standard]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1370&dat=19960725&id=9mUVAAAAIBAJ&pg=6158,3894648 |access-date=July 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728061150/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1370&dat=19960725&id=9mUVAAAAIBAJ&pg=6158,3894648 |archive-date=July 28, 2020 |via=[[Google News]]}}</ref> [[Diwata-1]], its first [[Small satellite#Microsatellites|micro-satellite]], was launched on the United States' [[Cygnus (spacecraft)|Cygnus]] spacecraft in 2016.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Ronda |first=Rainier Allan |date=March 24, 2016 |title=US aircraft with Philippines's first microsatellite launched into space |work=[[The Philippine Star]] |url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/03/24/1566175/us-aircraft-philippiness-first-microsatellite-launched-space |access-date=March 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327120259/http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/03/24/1566175/us-aircraft-philippiness-first-microsatellite-launched-space |archive-date=March 27, 2016}}</ref>

The Philippines has a [[List of countries by smartphone penetration|high concentration]] of [[Mobile phone|cellular-phone]] users,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pertierra |first1=Raul |title=We Reveal Ourselves to Ourselves: The New Communication Media in the Philippines |journal=Social Science Diliman |date=June 2013 |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=25 |url=https://journals.upd.edu.ph/index.php/socialsciencediliman/article/view/3920/3573 |access-date=July 1, 2023 |publisher=[[University of the Philippines]] |issn=1655-1524 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225214150/https://journals.upd.edu.ph/index.php/socialsciencediliman/article/view/3920/3573 |archive-date=February 25, 2017}}</ref> and a high level of [[mobile commerce]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Teves |first=Oliver |date=September 29, 2007 |title=Cell phones double as electronic wallets in Philippines |work=[[USA Today]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/phones/2007-09-29-philippines-cell-phones_N.htm |access-date=February 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025035722/https://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/phones/2007-09-29-philippines-cell-phones_N.htm |archive-date=October 25, 2007}}</ref> [[Text messaging]] is a popular form of communication, and the nation sent an average of one&nbsp;billion [[SMS]] messages per day in 2007.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Francisco |first=Rosemarie |date=March 4, 2008 |title=Filipinos sent 1 billion text messages daily in 2007 |language=en |newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |url=http://technology.inquirer.net/infotech/infotech/view/20080304-122775/Filipinos-sent-1-billion-text-messages-daily-in-2007 |access-date=February 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308115828/http://technology.inquirer.net/infotech/infotech/view/20080304-122775/Filipinos-sent-1-billion-text-messages-daily-in-2007 |archive-date=March 8, 2008}}</ref> The [[Telecommunications in the Philippines|Philippine telecommunications industry]] had been dominated by the [[PLDT]]-[[Globe Telecom]] duopoly for more than two decades,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Elliott |first1=Vittoria |last2=Deck |first2=Andrew |date=November 2, 2020 |title=Duterte, Dito, and the Duopoly |work=Rest of World |url=https://restofworld.org/2020/duterte-dito-and-the-duopoly/ |access-date=February 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102142904/https://restofworld.org/2020/duterte-dito-and-the-duopoly/ |archive-date=November 2, 2020}}</ref> and the 2021 entry of [[Dito Telecommunity]] improved the country's telecommunications service.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Cuyco |first=Jan |date=July 1, 2022 |title=No longer a duopoly, Philippines' mobile market sees improved 4G, 5G availability – Ookla |work=[[The Philippine Star]] |url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/07/01/2192313/no-longer-duopoly-philippines-mobile-market-sees-improved-4g-5g-availability-ookla |access-date=February 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701073711/https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/07/01/2192313/no-longer-duopoly-philippines-mobile-market-sees-improved-4g-5g-availability-ookla |archive-date=July 1, 2022}}</ref>