Editing Philip II of Spain (section)

== Titles, honours and styles ==
[[File:Cannon with arms of Philip II as King of England and Ireland.jpg|thumb|Cannon with arms of Philip II as King of Spain and ''jure uxoris'' King of England and France]]
[[File:Alonso Sánchez Coello - Felipe II como Rey de Portugal.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Philip II as King of Portugal by [[Alonso Sánchez Coello|Sánchez Coello]], {{c.}} 1580]]
* Heir titles
** [[Prince of Gerona]]: 21 May 1527 – 16 January 1556
** [[Prince of Asturias]] 1528–1556
* [[List of Castilian monarchs|King of Castile]] as '''Philip II''': 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598
** King of Castile, of León, of Granada, of Toledo, of Galicia, of Seville, of Cordoba, of Murcia, of Jaen, of the Algarves, of Algeciras, of Gibraltar, of the Canary Islands, of the Indias, the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Sea;{{NoteTag|With the incorporation of Portugal to the Monarchy the title changed to East and West Indies, the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean sea.}} Lord of Molina
** [[Lord of Biscay]]
* [[List of Aragonese monarchs|King of Aragon]] as '''Philip I''': 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598
** King of Aragón
** King of the Two Sicilies
*** [[List of kings of Naples|King of Naples]], of Jerusalem (from 25 July 1554)
*** [[List of monarchs of Sicily|King of Sicily]]. [[Duchy of Athens|Duke of Athens]], of [[Duchy of Neopatras|Neopatria]]
** [[List of Valencian monarchs|King of Valencia]]
** [[List of Majorcan monarchs|King of Majorca]]
** [[list of Sardinian monarchs|King of Sardinia]] and of Corsica, Margrave of Oristano, Count of Goceano
** [[List of Navarrese monarchs|King of Navarre]]
** [[Count of Barcelona]], of Roussillon, of Cerdanya
* [[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal]] as '''Philip I''': 12 September 1580 – 13 September 1598
** King of Portugal and the Algarves of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia, and India, etc.
* [[List of kings of England|King of England de ''jure uxoris'']] as '''Philip I''': 25 July 1554 – 17 November 1558<ref>Not usually included in lists of monarchs, although legally recognized as co-monarch, as his reign ended de facto with Mary's death.</ref>
** King of England, France (titular); [[Fidei Defensor|Defender of the Faith]]
** [[List of kings of Ireland|King of Ireland]]
* Imperial and Habsburg patrimonial titles:
** [[list of dukes of Milan|Duke of Milan]]: 11 October 1540 (secret donation) / 25 July 1554 (public investiture) – 13 September 1598
** Imperial vicar of Siena: since 30 May 1554
** Archduke of Austria
** Princely Count of Habsburg and of Tyrol
** Prince of Swabia
* Burgundian titles
** [[Lord of the Netherlands]]: 25 October 1555 – 13 September 1598
*** Duke [[Dukes of Brabant|of Lothier, of Brabant]], [[Dukes of Limburg|of Limburg]], [[Counts, Dukes and Grand Dukes of Luxembourg|of Luxemburg]], [[Dukes of Guelders|of Guelders]]. Count [[Counts of Flanders|of Flanders]], [[Counts of Artois|of Artois]], [[Counts of Hainaut|of Hainaut]], [[Count of Holland|of Holland]], [[Count of Zeeland|of Zeeland]], [[Marquis of Namur|of Namur]], [[Count of Zutphen|of Zutphen]]. Margrave of the Holy Roman Empire, Lord of Frisia, Salins, Mechelen, the cities, towns and lands of Utrecht, Overyssel, Groningen
** [[List of counts of Burgundy|Count Palatine of Burgundy]] from 10 June 1556; [[Charolais (county)|Count of Charolais]] from 21 September 1558
** [[Duke of Burgundy]]
** Dominator in Asia, Africa
* Honours
** [[List of Knights of the Golden Fleece|Knight of the Golden Fleece]]: 1531 – 13 September 1598
** [[Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece]]:<ref name="Brug">Rocquet, Claude-Henri. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6hgmESDLZM4C Bruegel; or The Workshop of Dreams]''. Univ. of Chicago Press, 1991. {{ISBN|0226723429}}.</ref>{{page needed|date=March 2025}} 23 October 1555 – 13 September 1598
** [[List of Grand Masters of the Order of Calatrava|Grand Master of the Order of Calatrava]]: 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598
** [[List of Grand Masters of the Order of Alcantara|Grand Master of the Order of Alcantara]]: 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598
** [[List of Grand Masters of the Order of Santiago|Grand Master of the Order of Santiago]]: 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598
** [[Order of Montesa|Grand Master of the Order of Montesa]]: 8 December 1587 – 13 September 1598

Philip continued his father's style of "[[Majesty]]" (Latin: ''Maiestas''; Spanish: ''Majestad'') in preference to that of "[[Highness]]" (''Celsitudo''; ''Alteza''). In diplomatic texts, he continued the use of the title "[[Rex Catholicismus|Most Catholic]]" (''Rex Catholicissimus''; ''Rey Católico'') first bestowed by [[Pope Alexander VI]] on [[Catholic Monarchs|Ferdinand and Isabella]] in 1496.

Following the [[Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain|Act of Parliament sanctioning his marriage with Mary]], the couple was styled "Philip and Mary, by the grace of God King and Queen of England, [[British claims to the French throne|France]], [[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]], [[Kings of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]], and [[Kingdom of Ireland|Ireland]], [[Fidei Defensor|Defenders of the Faith]], Princes of [[Spanish Empire|Spain]] and [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]], Archdukes of [[Archduchy of Austria|Austria]], Dukes of [[Duchy of Milan|Milan]], [[Duchy of Burgundy|Burgundy]] and [[Duchy of Brabant|Brabant]], Counts of [[Habsburg]], [[Count of Flanders|Flanders]] and [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]]".<ref name="waller">Waller, Maureen. ''Sovereign Ladies: The Six Reigning Queens of England''. St. Martin's Press (New York), 2006. {{ISBN|0-312-33801-5}}.</ref>{{page needed|date=March 2025}} Upon his inheritance of Spain in 1556, they became "Philip and Mary, by the grace of God King and Queen of England, Spain, France, both the Sicilies, Jerusalem and Ireland, Defenders of the Faith, Archdukes of Austria, Dukes of Burgundy, Milan and Brabant, Counts of Habsburg, Flanders and Tyrol".<ref name="waller"/>{{page needed|date=March 2025}}

His coinage typically bore the [[obverse]] inscription "<small>PHS·D:G·HISP·Z·REX</small>" (Latin: "Philip, by the grace of God King of Spain et cetera"), followed by the local title of the mint ("<small>DVX·BRA</small>" for Duke of Brabant, "<small>C·HOL</small>" for Count of Holland, "<small>D·TRS·ISSV</small>" for Lord of Overissel, etc.). The [[obverse and reverse|reverse]] would then bear a motto such as "<small>PACE·ET·IVSTITIA</small>" ("For Peace and Justice") or "<small>DOMINVS·MIHI·ADIVTOR</small>" ("[[Epistle to the Hebrews|The Lord is my helper]]").<ref>See, ''inter alia'', "[http://www.maravedis.net/europa_felipe_i_i_amberes.html Amberes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203174438/http://www.maravedis.net/europa_felipe_i_i_amberes.html |date=3 February 2012 }}" {{in lang|es}} and ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tXSrLbIEDBMC&pg=PA1255 Standard Catalog of World Gold Coins]{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}''.</ref> A medal struck in 1583 bore the inscriptions "<small>PHILIPP II HISP ET NOVI ORBIS REX</small>" ("Philip II, King of Spain and the New World") and "<small>NON SUFFICIT ORBIS</small>" ("The world is not enough").<ref>Cremades, Checa. ''Felipe II''. Op. cit. in "[https://books.google.com/books?id=Ed_6gw5_5TkC&pg=PA177 The Place of Tudor England]". ''Transactions of the Royal Historical Society'', 6th Series, Vol. 12. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003. {{ISBN|0521815614}}.</ref>{{page needed|date=March 2025}}