Editing One country, two systems (section)

=== 2020 national security legislation ===
{{Main|National People's Congress Decision on Hong Kong national security legislation}}
A draft national security bill was submitted on 22 May 2020 to China's national parliament, the National People's Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|title='The end of Hong Kong': Experts say China's push to pass strict national security laws further erodes the city's autonomy|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/china-national-security-laws-hong-kong-article-23-explainer-2020-5|last=Perper|first=Rosie|date=23 May 2020|website=Business Insider Australia|language=en|access-date=23 May 2020|archive-date=26 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126050951/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/china-national-security-laws-hong-kong-article-23-explainer-2020-5|url-status=live}}</ref> In accordance with the one country, two systems formula, Hong Kong's basic law requires the Hong Kong legislature to ratify national security to prevent sedition, secession and foreign interference.<ref name=":8" /> The Chinese central government is now bypassing the HKSAR to directly legislate.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/22/why-reassertion-of-xi-jinping-authority-spells-violence-in-hong-kong-sedition-legislation|title=Why reassertion of Xi Jinping's authority spells violence in Hong Kong|first=Lily|last=Kuo|newspaper=The Guardian|date=22 May 2020|via=www.theguardian.com|access-date=23 May 2020|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523183112/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/22/why-reassertion-of-xi-jinping-authority-spells-violence-in-hong-kong-sedition-legislation|url-status=live}}</ref> A National People's Congress official reported as saying it was exercising "constitutional power" to create a new legal framework and enforcement mechanism to guarantee national security in Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Knockout blow': China plans controversial new national security legislation for Hong Kong|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-22/china-to-propose-national-security-legislation-for-hong-kong/12274202|date=21 May 2020|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU|access-date=23 May 2020|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523070610/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-22/china-to-propose-national-security-legislation-for-hong-kong/12274202|url-status=live}}</ref> On 30 June 2020, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) passed the national security law for Hong Kong unanimously and listed it under Annex III of the Basic Law, bypassing Hong Kong approval. The Hong Kong Bar Association (HKBA) disputed the constitutionality of enacting the law through inclusion in Annex III of the Basic Law in May 2020.<ref name="hkba-25-may">{{Cite web|date=25 May 2020|title=Statement of the Hong Kong Bar Association on proposal of National People's Congress to enact National Security Law in Hong Kong|url=https://www.hkba.org/sites/default/files/20200525%20-%20Proposal%20of%20National%20People%27s%20Congress%20to%20enact%20National%20Security%20Law%20in%20Hong%20Kong%20%28E%29.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200525134948/https://www.hkba.org/sites/default/files/20200525%20-%20Proposal%20of%20National%20People%27s%20Congress%20to%20enact%20National%20Security%20Law%20in%20Hong%20Kong%20%28E%29.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2020|access-date=25 May 2020|website=Hong Kong Bar Association}}</ref>

On 30 May 2020, the [[president of the United States]], [[Donald J. Trump]], in a [[White House]] press conference, officially declared that the United States would be ending special treatments afforded to Hong Kong as outlined in the [[United States-Hong Kong Policy Act]], due to China replacing the promised formula of "one country, two systems" with "one country, one system",<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump on Actions Against China|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-actions-china/|last=Trump|first=Donald John|date=30 May 2020|website=WH.gov|language=en|access-date=30 May 2020|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120200626/https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-actions-china/|url-status=live}}</ref> and threatened that the United States would take further actions on Hong Kong in response to the national security law. On 14 July 2020, President Trump signed [[Executive Order 13936]], pursuant to the [[Hong Kong Autonomy Act]] passed by the US Congress, ending Hong Kong's special trade privileges.

According to Victoria Tin-bor Hui, writing in ''[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]]'', the national security legislation is being used to erode civil and legal protections on the way to "establishing a [[police state]]" in Hong Kong.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tin-bor Hui |first1=Victoria |title=Hong Kong's New Police State |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/05/hong-kongs-new-police-state/ |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=20 July 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184905/https://thediplomat.com/2021/05/hong-kongs-new-police-state/ |url-status=live }}</ref>