Editing Luzerne County, Pennsylvania (section)

==Economy==
[[Pennsylvania State University Extension|Penn State runs the Extensions]] in the state, including {{ Visible anchor | Extension | text=in this County }}.<ref name="Ext" /> The office here is in [[West Pittston]].<ref name="Ext">
 {{ Cite web
   | year=2022
   | publisher=[[Pennsylvania State University Extension]]
   | title=Luzerne County
   | url=https://extension.psu.edu/luzerne-county
 }}
</ref>

[[Grain]]s, [[seed]]s, [[bean]]s, and [[pea]]s make up about one third of the county's [[farm revenue]]s.<ref name="2017-census">{{cite web | access-date=2022-07-29 | date=2017 | title=State and County Profiles - Pennsylvania - Luzerne County - Census of Agriculture | url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/County_Profiles/Pennsylvania/ | website=USDA, [[National Agricultural Statistics Service]]}}</ref> Due to its position as a somewhat less populated area near much larger [[metropolis]]es, Luzerne's [[agritourism]] business is one of the larger in the state.<ref name="census-2017">{{cite web | access-date=2022-07-29 | date=2017 | title=2017 Census - Volume 1, Chapter 1: State Level Data | website=United States Department of Agriculture [[National Agricultural Statistics Service]] (USDA NASS) | url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_State_Level/Pennsylvania/}}</ref>{{rp|page=327}}

Through 2019 the [[Spotted Lanternfly]] (''Lycorma delicatula'') was quarantined in neighboring counties, and there was tremendous concern that it would spread here.<ref name=potentialimpact/> This was considered to be inevitable.<ref name=potentialimpact/> In 2020 the [[Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture|state Ag Department]] added the county to the SLF [[pest quarantine zone|quarantine zone]].<ref name="SLF" /> In October a homeowner noticed an adult on his house [[siding (construction)|siding]] and recognized it from [[Penn State Extension]]'s education campaign.<ref name="SLF" /> He reported it and the state began efforts in Luzerne.<ref name="SLF">{{cite web | access-date=2022-10-14 | year=2020 | title=Luzerne County's New Invader, Spotted Lanternfly | website=[[Luzerne County Master Gardener Program]] (Penn State Extension) | url=https://extension.psu.edu/programs/master-gardener/counties/luzerne/news/2020/luzerne-countys-new-invader-spotted-lanternfly}}</ref> An economic analysis for the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly|General Assembly]] shows the effects on the county's economy will be severe.<ref name=potentialimpact>{{cite journal|year=2020|volume=49|number=5|first2=Claire|last2=Ciafre|first1=Lawrence|last1=Barringer|pages=999–1011|title=Worldwide feeding host plants of spotted lanternfly, with significant additions from North America|doi=10.1093/ee/nvaa093|journal=[[Environmental Entomology]]|pmid=32797186 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|year=2023|volume=68|issue=1|publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]]|journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]]|title=Biology and Management of the Spotted Lanternfly, ''Lycorma delicatula'' (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), in the United States|doi=10.1146/annurev-ento-120220-111140|last1=Urban |first1=Julie M. |last2=Leach |first2=Heather |pages=151–167 |pmid=36206772 |s2cid=252759037 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|year=2019|first4=Lynn|last4=Kime|first3=Timothy|last3=Kelsey|first2=William|last2=Stone|first1=Jayson|last1=Harper|publisher=[[Center for Rural Pennsylvania]], a legislative agency of the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly]]|title=Potential Economic Impact of the Spotted Lanternfly on Agriculture and Forestry in Pennsylvania}}</ref>

Luzerne is both a productive farming county and a [[commuter town|commuter location]] for nearby large cities.<ref name = "Preservation-Program" /> As such farmland is often converted to other [[real estate]] uses, and the county has created the {{ Visible anchor | Luzerne Conservation District }} to encourage [[Environmental protection|conservation]].<ref name = "Preservation-Program" /> The Luzerne CD runs the {{ Visible anchor | Farmland Preservation Program }} to encourage farmland to be set aside instead of turning it into construction and development.<ref name = "Preservation-Program" >
 {{ Cite web
   | access-date = 2022-11-15
   | year        = 2022
   | location    = Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
   | website     = Luzerne Conservation District
   | url         = https://luzernecd.org/programs/agricultural-conservation/farmland-preservation/
   | title       = Farmland Preservation Program
 }}
</ref>

Garlic Mustard (''[[Alliaria petiolata]]'') is an [[invasive weed]] here,<ref name = "GM" /> first known from 2001.<ref name = "USF-ISA-PA" >
 {{ Cite web
   | language    = English
   | access-date = 2022-11-19
   | year        = 2022
   | publisher   = University of South Florida [[Institute for Systematic Botany]]
   | url         = https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant.aspx?id=1513
   | website     = [[Plant Atlas]]
   | title       = ''Eragrostis pilosa''
 }}
</ref> Kunkel & Chen 2022 find that, contrary to what has been found elsewhere, here it thrives in shaded habitats and is not helped by light exposure.<ref name = "GM" >
Determinants of the invasion of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata, Brassicaceae) in northeastern Pennsylvania David M. Kunkel; Grace F. Chen Journal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science (2020) 94 (1-2): 73–90. https://doi.org/10.5325/jpennacadscie.94.1-2.0073

Where Is Garlic Mustard? Understanding the Ecological Context for Invasions of Alliaria petiolata Vikki L Rodgers, Sara E Scanga, Mary Beth Kolozsvary, Danielle E Garneau, Jason S Kilgore, Laurel J Anderson, Kristine N Hopfensperger, Anna G Aguilera, Rebecca A Urban, Kevyn J Juneau BioScience, Volume 72, Issue 6, June 2022, Pages 521–537, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biac012
</ref>