Editing Languages of the United States (section)

====Yiddish====
[[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] has a much longer history in the United States than Hebrew.<ref>{{cite book|author=Joshua A. Fishman|title=Yiddish: turning to life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4MKJFx1b3xAC|year=1991|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|isbn=978-90-272-2075-2|pages=148–159|chapter=Appendix: The Hebrew Language in the United States|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4MKJFx1b3xAC&pg=PA148 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102091443/https://books.google.com/books?id=4MKJFx1b3xAC|archive-date=January 2, 2016}}</ref> It has been present since at least the late 19th century and continues to have roughly 148,000 speakers as of the 2009 American Community Survey. Though they came from varying geographic backgrounds and nuanced approaches to worship, immigrant Jews of Central Europe, Germany and Russia were often united under a common understanding of the Yiddish language once they settled in America, and at one point dozens of publications were available in most East Coast cities. Though it has declined by quite a bit since the end of WWII, it has by no means disappeared. Many Israeli immigrants and expatriates have at least some understanding of the language in addition to Hebrew, and many of the descendants of the great migration of [[Ashkenazi Jews]] of the past century pepper their mostly English vocabulary with some Yiddish loan words. Yiddish remains the lingua franca among American [[Haredi Jews]] (particularly [[Hasidic]] Jewry), whose communities are concentrated in Los Angeles, Miami, [[New York City]], and the suburbs of New York.<ref>{{Citation
 |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/17/a-yiddish-revival-with-new-york-leading-the-way/ 
 |title=A Yiddish Revival, With New York Leading the Way 
 |author=Sewell Chan 
 |date=October 17, 2007 
 |work=The New York Times 
 |access-date=August 15, 2008 
 |url-status=live 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080930033940/http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/17/a-yiddish-revival-with-new-york-leading-the-way/ 
 |archive-date=September 30, 2008 
 }}<br />
+ {{Citation 
 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-jul-07-me-yiddish7-story.html
 |title=Yiddish Program Aims to Get Beyond Schmoozing 
 |author=Patricia Ward Biederman 
 |date=July 7, 2005 
 |work=Los Angeles Times 
 |access-date=August 15, 2008 
 |url-status=live 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221210206/http://articles.latimes.com/2005/jul/07/local/me-yiddish7 
 |archive-date=February 21, 2009 
 }}<br />
+ {{Citation 
 |url=http://yiddishkaytla.org/index.html 
 |title=Yiddishkayt Los Angeles 
 |publisher=yiddishkaytla.org 
 |access-date=August 15, 2008 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724032322/https://www.yiddishkaytla.org/index.html 
 |archive-date=July 24, 2008 
 }}</ref> A significant diffusion of [[List of English words of Yiddish origin|Yiddish loan words]] into the non-Jewish population continues to be a distinguishing feature of New York City English. Some of these words include ''glitch, chutzpah, mensch, kvetch, klutz'', etc.