Editing Lake Titicaca (section)

==Transport==
The [[dual gauge]] [[car float]] ''Manco Capac'' links [[PeruRail]]'s {{Track gauge|1435mm|allk=on}} line at Puno with the [[Rail transport in Bolivia|Bolivian railways']] {{Track gauge|1000mm|allk=on|engvar=en-US}} line at [[Guaqui]].<ref>[http://home.fuse.net/peruvianrails/peruvianrails/text/southern_peru_railroads.htm Southern Peru Railroads]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

===History===
[[File:SS Yavari in Puno, 2002.jpg|thumb|SS ''Yavari'' in Puno, 2002]]
The lake has had a number of steamships, each of which was built in the United Kingdom in "knock down" form with bolts and nuts, disassembled into many hundreds of pieces, transported to the lake, and then riveted together and launched.

In 1862 [[Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company|Thames Ironworks]] on the [[River Thames]] built the iron-hulled [[sister ship]]s [[Yavari (ship)|SS ''Yavari'']] and [[BAP Puno (ABH-306)|SS ''Yapura'']] under contract to the [[James Watt]] Foundry of [[Birmingham]].<ref name=YavariStory>{{cite web |url=http://www.yavari.org/ |title=The Yavari Story |work=Yavari - Lake Titicaca - Peru |publisher=The Yavari Project |access-date=2011-05-20 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716154036/http://www.yavari.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The ships were designed as combined cargo, passenger, and [[gunboat]]s for the [[Peruvian Navy]].<ref name=YavariStory/> After several years' delay in delivery from the Pacific coast to the lake, ''Yavari'' was launched in 1870 and ''Yapura'' in 1873.<ref name=YavariStory/> ''Yavari'' was {{cvt|100|ft|m|order=flip}} long, but in 1914 her hull was lengthened for extra cargo capacity and she was re-engined as a [[motor vessel]].<ref name=YavariStory/>

In November 1883, during the final phase of the [[War of the Pacific]], the Chilean military command sent the {{ship|Chilean torpedo boat|Colo Colo}} to the lake, via railroad, from [[Mollendo]] to [[Puno]] to [[Chilean patrol of Lake Titicaca|control the area]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Tromben Corbalán |first=Carlos |date=2017 |title=La Armada de Chile: una historia de dos siglos |url= |language=es |volume=I |location=Chile |publisher=RIL Editores |isbn=978-956-01-0431-1 |page=674}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Sater |first=William F. |date=2007 |title=Andean Tragedy: Fighting the War of the Pacific, 1879–1884 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=etT0iVZW73MC |location=Lincoln and London |publisher=University of Nebraska Press |isbn=978-0-8032-4334-7 |page=344 |access-date=2017-02-09 |archive-date=2020-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401092428/https://books.google.com/books?id=etT0iVZW73MC |url-status=live }}</ref> It was the first warship to navigate the lake.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Milesi Sebástian |first=Sebastiano |date=2015 |title=Expedición naval al lago Titicaca por la Marina de Chile, en el año 1883 |url=https://www.ligamar.cl/files/archivos/revista-2015.pdf |language=es |location=Valparaíso, Chile |journal=Revista Mar, Liga Marítima de Chile |volume= |issue=201 |pages=87–90 |access-date=2021-06-24 |archive-date=2021-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205947/https://www.ligamar.cl/files/archivos/revista-2015.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1892, [[William Denny and Brothers]] at [[Dumbarton]] on the [[River Clyde]] in Scotland built {{SS|Coya}}.<ref name=Clyde>{{cite web |last1=Cameron |first1=Stuart |last2=Robinson |first2=George |last3=Strathdee |first3=Paul |title=SS Coya |work=Clyde-built Database |url=http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=10696 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090821142237/http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=10696 |url-status= usurped |archive-date= 2009-08-21 |access-date= 2011-05-20}}</ref> She was {{cvt|170|ft|m|order=flip}} long and was launched on the lake in 1893.<ref name=Clyde/>

In 1905, [[Earle's Shipbuilding]] at [[Kingston upon Hull]] on the [[Humber]] built {{SS|Inca}}.<ref name=YavariSteamers>{{cite web |url=http://www.yavari.org/lake-steamers.html |title=The Lake Steamers – Post 1900 |work=Yavari – Lake Titicaca – Peru |publisher=The Yavari Project |access-date=2011-05-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928034026/http://www.yavari.org/lake-steamers.html |archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref><ref name=Cruise>{{cite web |url=http://cruiselinehistory.com/?p=4478 |title=The SS Ollanta |last=Grace |first=Michael L |date=2009-11-16 |work=Cruising the Past |access-date=2011-05-20 |archive-date=2011-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724153610/http://cruiselinehistory.com/?p=4478 |url-status=live }}</ref> By then, a railway served the lake, so the ship was delivered in kit form by rail.<ref name=Cruise/> At {{cvt|220|ft|m|order=flip}} long and 1,809 tons (1,994 U.S. tons), ''Inca'' was the lake's largest ship thus far.<ref name=Cruise/> In the 1920s, Earle's supplied a new bottom for the ship, which also was delivered in kit form.<ref name=Cruise/>

Trade continued to grow, so in 1930, Earle's built {{SS|Ollanta}}.<ref name=YavariSteamers/><ref name=Cruise/> Her parts were landed at the Pacific Ocean port of [[Mollendo]] and brought by rail to the lake port of Puno.<ref name=Cruise/> At {{cvt|260|ft|m|order=flip}} long and 2,200 tons (425 U.S. tons), she was considerably larger than the ''Inca'', so first a new [[slipway]] had to be built to build her.<ref name=Cruise/> She was launched in November 1931.<ref name=Cruise/>

In 1975, ''Yavari'' and ''Yapura'' were returned to the Peruvian Navy, which converted ''Yapura'' into a [[hospital ship]] and renamed her [[BAP Puno (ABH-306)|BAP ''Puno'']].<ref name=YavariStory/> The Navy discarded ''Yavari'', but in 1987, charitable interests bought her and started restoring her.<ref name=YavariStory/> She is now moored at Puno Bay and provides static tourist accommodation while her restoration continues.<ref name=YavariStory/> ''Coya'' was beached in 1984, but restored as a floating restaurant in 2001.<ref name=YavariSteamers/> ''Inca'' survived until 1994, when she was broken up.<ref name=YavariSteamers/> ''Ollanta'' is no longer in scheduled service, but PeruRail has been leasing her for tourist charter operations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/peru03.htm |title=Steam in Peru 2001 |last=Dickinson |first=Rob |work=International Steam Pages |access-date=2011-05-20 |archive-date=2011-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929003448/http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/peru03.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>