Editing Judicial independence (section)

==== Judicial Review and Activism ====
Judicial independence empowers courts to exercise [[judicial review]], the authority to review laws and executive actions for their constitutionality. The Supreme Court, through landmark judgments such as [[Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala|Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)]], upheld the [[Basic structure doctrine|Basic Structure Doctrine]], preventing Parliament from altering the Constitution's essential features, including judicial independence.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kesavananda Bharati Sripadagalvaru ... vs State Of Kerala And Anr on 24 April, 1973 |url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/257876/ |access-date=21 March 2025 |website=indiankanoon.org}}</ref>

Indian courts have also developed a tradition of [[judicial activism]], particularly through [[Public interest litigation in India|Public Interest Litigations (PILs)]], allowing courts to act on behalf of the public good even in the absence of a traditional legal dispute.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahawar |first=Sneha |date=2022-08-05 |title=Judicial activism |url=https://blog.ipleaders.in/judicial-activism/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=iPleaders |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Garg |first=Rachit |date=2021-02-23 |title=All you need to know about Public Interest Litigation (PIL) |url=https://blog.ipleaders.in/need-know-public-interest-litigation-pil/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=iPleaders |language=en-US}}</ref>