Editing John Henry Newman (section)

==''Apologia''==
{{main|Apologia Pro Vita Sua}}
[[File:Coat of arms of John Henry Newman.svg|thumb|Newman's personal coat of arms upon his elevation to the cardinalate. The Latin motto, ''Cor ad cor loquitur'', translates as 'heart speaks unto heart'.]]

In 1862 Newman began to prepare autobiographical and other memoranda to vindicate his career. The occasion came when, in the January 1864 issue of ''[[Macmillan's Magazine]]'', [[Charles Kingsley]], reviewing [[James Anthony Froude]]'s ''History of England'', incidentally asserted that "Truth, for its own sake, had never been a virtue with the Roman clergy. Father Newman informs us that it need not, and on the whole ought not to be." [[Edward Lowth Badeley]], who had been a close legal adviser to Newman since the Achilli trial, encouraged him to make a robust rebuttal.{{sfn|Ker|2009|pp=533–536}} After some preliminary sparring between the two, in which Kingsley refused to admit any fault, Newman published a pamphlet, ''Mr Kingsley and Dr Newman: a Correspondence on the Question whether Dr Newman teaches that Truth is no Virtue'', (published in 1864 and not reprinted until 1913). The pamphlet has been described as "unsurpassed in the English language for the vigour of its satire".{{sfn|Hutton|1911|p=518}} However, the anger displayed was later, in a letter to Sir William Cope, admitted to have been largely feigned.{{sfn|Hutton|1911|p=518}} After the debate went public, Kingsley attempted to defend his assertion in a lengthy pamphlet entitled ''What then does Dr Newman mean?'', described by a historian as "one of the most momentous rhetorical and polemical failures of the Victorian age".<ref>Frank M. Turner, ed.; John Henry Newman. ''Apologia Pro Vita Sua''. p. 33</ref>

In answer to Kingsley Newman published his ''[[Apologia Pro Vita Sua]]'', a religious autobiography, in seven weekly parts starting on 21 April, followed by an appendix two weeks after the seventh part.{{sfn|Ker|2009|p=543}} Its tone changed the popular estimate of its author, by explaining the convictions which had led him into the Catholic Church. Kingsley's general accusation against the Catholic clergy is dealt with in the seventh part in the work;{{sfn|Ker|2009|pp=533–536}} his specific accusations are addressed in an appendix.<ref>{{cite book |last=Trevor |first=Meriol |author-link=Meriol Trevor |title=Newman: Light in Winter |date=1962 |publisher=Macmillan and Co, Ltd |location=London |page=337 |url=https://archive.org/details/newmanlightinwin0000meri}}</ref> Newman maintains that English Catholic priests are at least as truthful as English Catholic laymen.{{sfn|Hutton|1911|p=518}} Newman published a revision of the series of pamphlets in book form in 1865; in 1913 a combined critical edition, edited by [[Wilfrid Ward]], was published. In the book, Newman wrote, "[T]here are but two alternatives, the way to Rome, and the way to Atheism."<ref name="InLineCitation">{{cite web | url = http://www.newmanreader.org/works/apologia65/chapter4-2.html | title = Newman Reader – Apologia (1865) – Chapter 4.2 | website = www.newmanreader.org | access-date = 22 June 2018 | archive-date = 10 May 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180510071444/http://www.newmanreader.org/works/apologia65/chapter4-2.html | url-status = live }}</ref>

In the conclusion of the ''Apologia'', Newman expressed sympathy for the [[Liberal Catholicism]] of [[Charles de Montalembert]] and [[Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire]]: "In their general line of thought and conduct I enthusiastically concur, and consider them to be before their age."<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Ker | first1 = Ian | title = Newman on Vatican II | date = 2014 | publisher = Oxford University Press | pages = 28–29}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1 = Lawler | first1 = Justus George | title = Popes and Politics: Reform, Resentment, and the Holocaust | date = 2004 | publisher = A&C Black | page = 201}}</ref>