Editing Iran–Iraq War (section)

====Operation Eighth-Imam====
After the Iraqi offensive stalled in March 1981, there was little change in the front other than Iran retaking the high ground above [[Susangerd]] in May. By late 1981, Iran returned to the offensive and launched [[Operation Samen-ol-A'emeh]]&nbsp;(The Eighth Imam),<ref name=biontino88>{{cite book|title=Iran Yearbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VRoYAQAAMAAJ|page=125|publisher=Moini-Biontino|year=1988|isbn=978-3927073005|lccn=sn89044105}}</ref> ending the Iraqi [[Siege of Abadan]] on 27–29 September 1981.<ref name=efraimkarsh />{{rp|9}} The Iranians used a combined force of regular artillery with small groups of armour, supported by Pasdaran (IRGC) and Basij infantry.<ref name="csis 5" /> On 15 October, after lifting the siege, a large Iranian convoy was ambushed by Iraqi tanks, and during the ensuing tank battle Iran lost 20 [[Chieftain tank|Chieftains]] and other armoured vehicles and withdrew from the previously gained territory.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a241169.pdf|title=Tactical Evolution in the Iraqi Army: The Abadan Island And Fish Lake Campaigns of the Iran-Ipaq War|access-date=2014-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203034017/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a241169.pdf|archive-date=3 December 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>