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==Law enforcement and intelligence assistance== Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via [[Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act]] (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow [[law enforcement]] agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by the ISP, or even store the browsing history of users to allow government access if needed (e.g. via the [[Investigatory Powers Act 2016]] in the [[United Kingdom]]). Furthermore, in some countries ISPs are subject to monitoring by intelligence agencies. In the U.S., a controversial [[National Security Agency]] program known as [[PRISM]] provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic and has raised concerns about potential violation of the privacy protections in the [[Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution]].<ref>[http://www.informationweek.com/security/risk-management/nsa-prism-creates-stir-but-appears-legal/d/d-id/1110275 NSA PRISM Creates Stir, But Appears Legal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125144544/http://www.informationweek.com/security/risk-management/nsa-prism-creates-stir-but-appears-legal/d/d-id/1110275 |date=2014-01-25 }}. InformationWeek. Retrieved on 2014-03-12.</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Obama's Speech on N.S.A. Phone Surveillance|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/18/us/politics/obamas-speech-on-nsa-phone-surveillance.html?_r=0|access-date=21 January 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=17 January 2014|archive-date=20 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140120154717/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/18/us/politics/obamas-speech-on-nsa-phone-surveillance.html?_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref> Modern ISPs integrate a wide array of [[surveillance]] and [[packet sniffing]] equipment into their networks, which then feeds the data to law-enforcement/intelligence networks (such as [[DCSNet]] in the United States, or [[SORM]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2000/02/new-kgb-takes-internet-sorm|title=New KGB Takes Internet by SORM|work=Mother Jones|access-date=2 February 2015|archive-date=18 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318013742/http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2000/02/new-kgb-takes-internet-sorm|url-status=live}}</ref> in Russia) allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time.
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