Editing Human skin color (section)

===== OCA2 =====
[[File:OCA2 (rs12913832).png|thumb|OCA2 (rs12913832)]]
[[OCA2|Oculocutaneous albinism II]] (OCA2) assists in the regulation of [[pH]] in melanocytes. The OCA2 gene's derived ''His615Arg'' (rs1800414<ref name="ncbi_rs18">{{Cite web |title=rs1800414 RefSNP Report |author= |work=ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |date= |access-date=15 February 2021 |url= https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/rs1800414 |quote=}}</ref>) allele has been shown to account for about 8% of the skin tone difference between African and East Asian populations in studies of an East Asian population living in Toronto and a Chinese [[Han Chinese|Han]] population. This variant is essentially restricted to East Asia, with highest frequencies in Eastern East Asia (49–63%), midrange frequencies in Southeast Asia, and the lowest frequencies in Western China and some Eastern European populations.<ref name="Edwards2010">{{cite journal |last1=Edwards |first1=Melissa |last2=Bigham |first2=Abigail |last3=Tan |first3=Jinze |last4=Li |first4=Shilin |last5=Gozdzik |first5=Agnes |last6=Ross |first6=Kendra |last7=Jin |first7=Li |last8=Parra |first8=Esteban J. |editor1-last=McVean |editor1-first=Gil |title=Association of the OCA2 Polymorphism His615Arg with Melanin Content in East Asian Populations: Further Evidence of Convergent Evolution of Skin Pigmentation |journal=PLOS Genetics |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=e1000867 |year=2010 |pmid=20221248 |pmc=2832666 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1000867 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=A global view of the OCA2-HERC2 region and pigmentation |year=2012 |url=http://medicine.yale.edu/labs/kidd/www/511.pdf |last1=Donnelly |doi=10.1007/s00439-011-1110-x |journal=Human Genetics |volume=131 |issue=5 |pages=683–696 |first1=Michael P. |pmid=22065085 |pmc=3325407 |last2=Paschou |first2=Peristera |last3=Grigorenko |first3=Elena |last4=Gurwitz |first4=David |last5=Barta |first5=Csaba |last6=Lu |first6=Ru-Band |last7=Zhukova |first7=Olga V. |last8=Kim |first8=Jong-Jin |last9=Siniscalco |first9=Marcello |last10=New |first10=Maria |last11=Li |first11=Hui |last12=Kajuna |first12=Sylvester L. B. |last13=Manolopoulos |first13=Vangelis G. |last14=Speed |first14=William C. |last15=Pakstis |first15=Andrew J. |last16=Kidd |first16=Judith R. |last17=Kidd |first17=Kenneth K. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103050619/http://medicine.yale.edu/labs/kidd/www/511.pdf |archive-date=2013-11-03 |url-status=dead}}</ref>