Editing Hudson County, New Jersey (section)

===Community diversity===
Hudson County is a major [[port of entry]] for [[immigration to the United States]] and a major [[employment center]] at the approximate core of the New York City metropolitan region; and given its proximity to [[Manhattan]], Hudson County has evolved a globally [[cosmopolitanism|cosmopolitan]] ambience of its own, demonstrating a robust and growing demographic and cultural diversity with respect to metrics including nationality, religion, race, and [[domestic partnership|domiciliary partnership]]. [[Cuba]], [[Dominican Republic]], [[Ecuador]], [[Philippines]], and [[India]] are the five most common nations of birth for [[foreign born|foreign-born]] Hudson County residents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.city-data.com/county/Hudson_County-NJ.html |title=Hudson County, New Jersey |publisher=[[City-Data]] |access-date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> Jersey City is one of the most [[ethnic diversity|ethnically diverse]] cities in the world.<ref name=DiverseJC1>{{cite news|url=http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2015/02/jersey_city_named_most_ethnically_linguistically_d.html|title=Jersey City named most diverse city in America: report |author=Summer Dawn Hortillosa |newspaper=The Jersey Journal|date=February 17, 2015|access-date=May 15, 2015|via=nj.com}}</ref><ref name=DiverseJC2>{{cite web|url=http://www.movoto.com/jersey-city-nj/jersey-city-facts/|title=53 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Jersey City|author=Spencer McKee|publisher=Movoto|access-date=May 15, 2015}}</ref>

====Latin American====
There were an estimated 273,611 [[Hispanic American]]s in Hudson County, according to the 2013 [[American Community Survey]],<ref name=2013Est>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/13_5YR/DP05/0500000US34017|title=ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates - Hudson County, New Jersey|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 16, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213014648/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/13_5YR/DP05/0500000US34017|archive-date=February 13, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> representing a 2.1% increase from 267,853 Hispanic Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US34017|title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 - Demographic Profile Data - Hudson County, New Jersey|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 16, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212102332/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US34017|archive-date=February 12, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> Several municipalities in [[North Hudson, New Jersey|northern Hudson County]] are listed among those places in the United States with the [[List of United States cities by population density|highest population densities]], with several towns more dense overall than adjacent [[New York City]]. Numerous towns on the [[Hudson Palisades]] in northern Hudson County have populations where more than 50% of the residents are [[foreign born|foreign-born]], often with a [[List of U.S. communities with Hispanic majority populations#New Jersey|Hispanic majority]].<ref name = reshape>{{Citation   | last = Roberts   | first = Sam   | title = Region Reshaped as Immigrants Move to Suburbs   | newspaper = The New York Times   | date = December 14, 2010 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/15/nyregion/15nycensus.html?scp=1&sq=Region%20Is%20Reshaped%20as%20Minorities%20Go%20to%20Suburbs&st=cse   | access-date = May 14, 2015 }}</ref>

=====Puerto Rican American=====
{{main|Puerto Rican migration to New York City}}
There were an estimated 58,197 [[Puerto Rican American]]s in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 3.1% increase from 56,436 Puerto Rican Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/>

=====Cuban American=====
{{main|Havana on the Hudson}}
There were an estimated 28,900 [[Cuban American]]s in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 0.9% increase from 28,652 Cuban Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/> The Cuban Day Parade of New Jersey, since its inception at the millennium, has run along [[Bergenline Avenue]] and grown to be the centerpiece of large festivities which have taken place at [[Schuetzen Park (New Jersey)|Scheutzen Park]] or Celia Cruz Park.<ref>{{Cite journal
  | last = Schmidt
  | first = Margaret
  | title = Cuban Parade of New Jersey
  | journal = Jersey Journal
  | date = May 30, 2009
| url = http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2009/05/cuban_parade_of_new_jersey_in.html
  | access-date = May 14, 2015}}
</ref><ref>{{cite news
 |last         = Rosero
 |first        = Jessica
 |title        = The parade marches on Eighth annual Cuban Day Parade of New Jersey keeps traditional route
 |newspaper    = Hudson Reporter
 |url          = http://www.hudsonreporter.com/printer_friendly/2412522
 |access-date   = May 14, 2015
|archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924031827/http://www.hudsonreporter.com/printer_friendly/2412522
 |archive-date = September 24, 2015
|url-status     = dead
 |df           = mdy-all
}}</ref>

====European American====
There were an estimated 194,192 [[non-Hispanic whites]] in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 0.7% decrease from 195,501 non-Hispanic whites enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/>

=====Italian American=====
{{main|Italian Americans in New York City}}
[[Italian American]]s have historically played an important cultural role in Hudson County.

=====Western European American=====
Ever since the settling of [[New Netherland]] in the 1600s, comprising what is now the Gateway Region of northeastern New Jersey as well as portions of [[Downstate New York]] in the New York City metropolitan area, the [[Dutch people|Dutch]] and [[British people|British]], along with [[Germanic people|German]] and [[Irish American]]s, have established an integral role in the subsequent long-term development of Hudson County over the centuries.

=====Irish American=====
{{main|Irish Americans in New York City}}
[[Irish American]]s, specifically [[Irish Catholics]] played a significant role in the politics of Jersey City. Many of the city's mayors were of Irish descent. The [[Greenville, Jersey City]] neighborhood was the center of the city's Irish community until the 1950s and early 1960s.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

====Asian American====
There were an estimated 89,164 [[Asian American]]s in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 5.0% increase from 84,924 Asian Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/>

=====Indian American=====
{{main|India Square|Indians in the New York City metropolitan region}}
[[India Square]], also known as "[[Little India (location)|Little India]]" or "Little [[Bombay]]",<ref name=Kiniry/> home to the highest concentration of [[Asian Indian]]s in the [[Western Hemisphere]],<ref name=Wirstiuk/> is a rapidly growing [[Indian American]] [[ethnic enclave]] in Jersey City. This area has been home to the largest outdoor [[Navratri]] festivities in New Jersey as well as several [[Hindu temple]]s;<ref>[http://www.thenewjournalsquare.com/html/press/indiasquare.htm "India Square"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015155533/http://www.thenewjournalsquare.com/html/press/indiasquare.htm |date=October 15, 2013 }}, accessed July 26, 2006</ref> while an annual, color-filled spring [[Holi]] [[festival]] has taken place in Jersey City since 1992, centered upon India Square and attracting significant participation and international media attention.<ref>.{{cite news |last=Rogoza |first=Rafael |title=Thousands of colorful revelers partake in 21st Annual Phagwah Parade in Jersey City |newspaper=The Jersey Journal |date=March 30, 2013 |url=http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2013/03/thousands_of_colorful_revelers.html#incart_river_default |access-date=March 30, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Colorful Holi Hai festival in Jersey City celebrates rites of spring|author=Matthew Speiser|newspaper=The Jersey Journal|date=March 29, 2015 |url=http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2015/03/indian_festival_in_jersey_city_celebrates_diversit.html#incart_river|access-date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> There were an estimated 39,477 Indian Americans in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 6.0% increase from 37,236 Indian Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/>

=====Filipino American=====
{{main|Filipinos in New Jersey|Filipinos in the New York City metropolitan region}}
7% of Jersey City's population is [[Filipino people|Filipino]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The History of Filipino-Americans in Jersey City|url=https://www.filipinohome.com/timeline.html|access-date=October 25, 2021|website=www.filipinohome.com}}</ref> The [[Five Corners, Jersey City|Five Corners]] district is home to a thriving Filipino community and Jersey City's [[Little Manila#New Jersey|Little Manila]], which is the second largest Asian American subgroup in the city. A variety of Filipino restaurants, shippers and freighters, doctors' officers, bakeries, stores, and an office of [[The Filipino Channel]] have made Newark Avenue their home. The largest Filipino-owned grocery store on the [[East Coast of the United States]], Phil-Am Food, has been there since 1973. An array of Filipino-owned businesses can also be found at the section of [[West Side, Jersey City|West Side]] of Jersey City, where many of its residents are of Filipino descent. In 2006, a [[Red Ribbon (Bakeshop)|Red Ribbon]] pastry shop, one of the Philippines' most famous food chains, opened its first branch on the East Coast in the Garden State.[http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=business04_feb13_2006.] [[Manila Avenue (Hudson County)|Manila Avenue]] in [[Downtown Jersey City]] was named for the Philippine capital city because of the many Filipinos who built their homes on this street during the 1970s. A memorial, dedicated to the Filipino American veterans of the [[Vietnam War]], was built in a small square on Manila Avenue. A park and statue dedicated to [[Jose P. Rizal]], a national hero of the Philippines, exists in downtown Jersey City.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 25, 2013|title=rizal statue jersey city |url=http://www.highbeam.com/Search?searchTerm=rizal%20statue%20jersey%20city|access-date=October 25, 2021|website=archive.ph|archive-date=January 25, 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125112400/http://www.highbeam.com/Search?searchTerm=rizal%20statue%20jersey%20city|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jersey City is the host of the annual [[Philippine-American Friendship Day]] Parade, an event that occurs yearly in June, on its last Sunday. The City Hall of Jersey City raises the Philippine flag in correlation to this event and as a tribute to the contributions of the Filipino community. The Santakrusan Procession along Manila Avenue has taken place since 1977.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Journal|first=Kate Kowsh/The Jersey|date=May 30, 2011|title=Amid Delays, 33rd Annual Santacruzan procession circles downtown neighborhood|url=https://www.nj.com/hudson/2011/05/amid_delays_santacruzan_street.html|access-date=October 25, 2021|website=nj|language=en}}</ref> There were an estimated 21,622 [[Filipino American]]s in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 4.8% increase from 20,638 Filipino Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/>

=====Chinese American=====
Hudson County, highly accessible to [[Lower Manhattan]] in New York City and its [[Chinatown, Manhattan|Chinatown]] by [[rapid transit]], was home to an estimated 13,381 [[Chinese American]]s, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a notably rapid growth of 19.1% from the 11,239 Chinese Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/>

====African American====
There were an estimated 83,576 [[African American]]s in Hudson County, according to the 2013 American Community Survey,<ref name=2013Est/> representing a 0.4% decrease from 83,925 African Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.<ref name=2010Census/> However, modest growth in the [[African immigration to the United States|African immigrant]] population, most notably the growing [[Nigerian American]] population in Jersey City, is partially offsetting the decline in Hudson County's American-born black population, which as a whole has been experiencing an exodus from northern New Jersey to the [[Southern United States]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Dave Sheingold|title=North Jersey black families leaving for lure of new South |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/116554018_Black_families_leaving_for_lure_of_new_South.html |publisher=North Jersey Media Group|date=February 24, 2011|access-date=May 14, 2015}}</ref>

====Arab American====
[[Arab American]]s numbered an estimated 14,518 individuals in Hudson County in the 2012 American Community Survey, representing 2.3% of the county's total population,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usa.com/hudson-county-nj-population-and-races.htm|title=Hudson County Population and Races|publisher=World Media Group|access-date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> the second highest percentage in New Jersey after [[Passaic County, New Jersey|Passaic County]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usa.com/rank/new-jersey-state--arab-as-first-ancestry-population-percentage--county-rank.htm?hl=Hudson&hlst=NJ&yr=6000|title=New Jersey Arab as First Ancestry Population Percentage County Rank|publisher=World Media Group|access-date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> Arab Americans are most concentrated in Jersey City and Bayonne, led by [[Egyptian American]]s, including the largest population of [[Coptic Christian]]s in the United States.<ref name=DiverseJC1/><ref name=DiverseJC2/>

====Muslim American====
Hudson County's [[Muslim American]] population includes a significant [[Latin American|Latino]] contingent comprising adherents converting from other religious affiliations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://njmonthly.com/articles/jersey-living/embracing-islam/|title=Embracing Islam - Why Latinos are drawn to Muslim beliefs, culture|author=Carmen Cusido|publisher=New Jersey Monthly|date=February 8, 2010|access-date=May 15, 2015}}</ref>

====Jewish American====
A growing [[Jewish American]] population has been noted in Hudson County, particularly in Jersey City. A significant Jewish presence has also been established in [[Bayonne, New Jersey|Bayonne]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2014/09/with_growing_jewish_community_hudson_county_synagogues_prepare_for_rosh_hashanah.html|title=With growing Jewish community, Hudson County synagogues prepare for Rosh Hashanah |author=Matthew Speiser|newspaper=The Jersey Journal|date=September 23, 2014|access-date=May 14, 2015|quote='We are so excited because of the influx of people,' said Rabbi Deborah Hachen of Temple Beth-El in Jersey City. 'We have 20-plus new households joining us for our service this year.'}}</ref>

====Same-sex couples====
{{main|Same-sex marriage in New Jersey}}
There were 2,726 [[Domestic partnership|same-sex couples]] in Hudson County in 2010, second in New Jersey only to Essex County,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.outinjersey.net/component/content/article?id=1345:where-do-gay-couples-live-in-new-jersey|title=Where do gay couples live in New Jersey?|author=Peter Frycki|publisher=Out in New Jersey|date=April 1, 2011|access-date=May 14, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518080331/http://www.outinjersey.net/component/content/article?id=1345:where-do-gay-couples-live-in-new-jersey|archive-date=May 18, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> prior to the commencement of same-sex marriages in New Jersey on October 21, 2013.<ref name=DroppedAppeal>{{cite web |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/state/Christie_administration_withdraws_appeal_of_ruling_allowing_gay_marriage_in_NJ.html?page=all |title=Christie drops appeal of ruling allowing gay marriage in NJ |author1=Melissa Hayes |author2=Kibret Markos |author3=Chris Harris |author4=Scott Fallon |publisher=North Jersey Media Group|date=October 21, 2013|access-date=May 14, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209185716/http://www.northjersey.com/news/state/Christie_administration_withdraws_appeal_of_ruling_allowing_gay_marriage_in_NJ.html?page=all|archive-date=February 9, 2014}}</ref>