Editing Hope (section)

=== Hinduism ===
In historic literature of Hinduism, hope is referred to with ''Pratidhi'' (Sanskrit: प्रतिधी),<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/index.php?sfx=pdf prati-dhi] Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Koeln, Germany (2009), see page 666</ref> or ''Apêksh'' (Sanskrit: अपेक्ष).<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/index.php?sfx=pdf Apêksh] Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Koeln, Germany (2009), see page 56</ref><ref>[http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?tinput=apekSA&direction=SE&script=HK&link=yes&beginning=0 apekSA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630151027/http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?tinput=apekSA&direction=SE&script=HK&link=yes&beginning=0 |date=2017-06-30 }} Spoken Sanskrit-English dictionary Version 4.2, Germany (2008)</ref> It is discussed with the concepts of desire and wish. In [[Vedas|Vedic philosophy]], ''karma'' was linked to ritual sacrifices (''yajna''), hope and success linked to correct performance of these rituals.<ref name=djr>De John Romus (1995), [http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/ijt/37-1_001.pdf Karma and Bhakti ways of Salvation: A Christological Perspective], Indian Journal of Theology, Volume 37, Issue 1, pages 1–14</ref><ref name=dsr>De Smet, R. (1977), A Copernican Reversal: The Gītākāra's Reformulation of Karma, Philosophy East and West, 27(1), pages 53–63</ref> In [[Vishnu Smriti]], the image of hope, morals and work is represented as the virtuous man who rides in a chariot directed by his hopeful mind to his desired wishes, drawn by his five senses, who keeps the chariot on the path of the virtuous, and thus is not distracted by the wrongs such as wrath, greed, and other vices.<ref name=mb>[[Maurice Bloomfield]], [https://archive.org/details/jstor-592741 The Mind as Wish-Car in the Veda], Journal of the American Oriental Society, Volume 39, pages 280–282</ref>

In the centuries that followed, the concept of ''karma'' changed from sacramental rituals to actual human action that builds and serves society and human existence<ref name=djr/><ref name=dsr/>–a philosophy epitomized in the [[Bhagavad Gita]]. Hope, in the structure of beliefs and motivations, is a long-term ''karmic'' concept. In Hindu belief, actions have consequences, and while one's effort and work may or may not bear near term fruits, it will serve the good, that the journey of one's diligent efforts ([[karma]]) and how one pursues the journey,<ref>David Krieger (1989), Salvation in the World – A Hindu-Christian Dialogue on Hope and Liberation, in Jerald Gort (Editor, Dialogue and Syncretism: An Interdisciplinary Approach), {{ISBN|0-8028-0501-9}}, see Chapter 14</ref> sooner or later leads to bliss and [[moksha]].<ref name=djr/><ref>Jeffrey Wattles, [http://www.wabashcenter.wabash.edu/syllabi/w/wattles/hkarma.htm The Concept of Karma in the Bhagawad Gita], Department of Philosophy, Wabash Center, Kent State University (2002)</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bennett |first=Oliver |date=2011-03-22 |title=The manufacture of hope: religion, eschatology and the culture of optimism |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10286632.2010.543462 |journal=International Journal of Cultural Policy |language=en |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=115–130 |doi=10.1080/10286632.2010.543462 |s2cid=11071239 |issn=1028-6632}}</ref>