Editing History of Uruguay (section)

==New Batllism era, 1947–58==
[[File:Luis Batlle Berres dando un discurso.jpg|thumb|left|President Batlle Berres during a speech in [[Minas, Uruguay|Minas]], 1949]]
In the [[1946 Uruguayan general election|1946 general election]], [[Tomás Berreta]] succeeded [[Juan José de Amézaga]] as president.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-12 |title=Tomás Berreta presidente, en vísperas del momento de Luis Batlle Berres |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/politica/tomas-berreta-presidente-en-visperas-del-momento-de-luis-batlle-berres |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=EL PAIS |language=en}}</ref> However, in August 1947, he died suffering from prostate cancer and was succeeded by then vice president [[Luis Batlle Berres]]—nephew of [[José Batlle y Ordóñez]]—who became the third member of the [[Batlle family]] to occupy the presidency of the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Murió Berreta, asume Luis Batlle |url=https://historico.elpais.com.uy/especiales/aniversario/1940/1947/5.html |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=historico.elpais.com.uy}}</ref>

[[File:Urug1950.jpg|thumb|Players of the [[Uruguay national football team]] that won the [[1950 FIFA World Cup|1950 World Cup]] after the victory known as ''[[Maracanazo]]'']]

Uruguay reached the peak of its economic prosperity thanks to the World War II and the [[Korean War]]. During these conflicts, the country supplied beef, wool, and leather to the Allied armies.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Cómo una pequeña ciudad de Uruguay revolucionó nuestra forma de comer |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/vert-tra-46917409 |access-date=2024-01-31 |publisher=BBC News Mundo |language=es}}</ref> In 1949, to cover the British debt for the beef deliveries during WWII, British-owned railroads and water companies were nationalized.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2002-09-16 |title=Hace 50 años AFE pasó de los ingleses a manos uruguayas |url=https://www.lr21.com.uy/comunidad/91853-hace-50-anos-afe-paso-de-los-ingleses-a-manos-uruguayas |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=LARED21 |language=es}}</ref> [[Luis Batlle Berres]] implemented an interventionist and protectionist policy, which in several aspects continued the import substitution policy developed in the 1930s, and the principles of the Batllism welfare state implemented by [[José Batlle y Ordóñez]] at the beginning of the century, for which it was called {{Language with name/for|es|Neobatllismo|New Batllism}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-30 |title=Neobatllismo y Estado de Bienestar {{!}} Uruguay Educa |url=http://uruguayeduca.anep.edu.uy/recursos-educativos/661 |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=uruguayeduca.anep.edu.uy |language=es}}</ref>

In the [[1950 Uruguayan general election|1950 general election]] Colorado [[Andrés Martínez Trueba]] —who was part of List 15, Batlle Berres' faction— was elected president of the Republic.<ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last=Giménez Rodríguez |first=Alejandro |title=El libro de los presidentes uruguayos: de Fructuoso Rivera a Jorge Batlle (1830-2004) |publisher=LINARDI Y RISSO |year=2004 |isbn=9974-559-48-0 |pages=152–156 |trans-title=The book of Uruguayan presidents: from Fructuoso Rivera to Jorge Batlle (1830-2004)}}</ref> After taking office he proposed a constitutional reform to reinstate a collegiate executive, which was supported by the leader of the [[National Party (Uruguay)|National Party]], [[Luis Alberto de Herrera]], who had previously opposed the collegiate system.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-19 |title=Martínez Trueba, presidente con una reforma en la manga |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/politica/martinez-trueba-presidente-con-una-reforma-en-la-manga |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=EL PAIS |language=en}}</ref> In 1951, a [[1951 Uruguayan constitutional referendum|constitutional referendum]] was held that approved the [[Constitution of Uruguay of 1952|1952 Constitution]], which established the [[National Council of Government (Uruguay)|National Council of Government]]. It was made up of six members from the winning party and three from the second party. Its first integration was a majority of the Colorado Party.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-26 |title=Nuevo triunfo de Luis Batlle Berres, esta vez con el colegiado |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/politica/nuevo-triunfo-de-luis-batlle-berres-esta-vez-con-el-colegiado |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=EL PAIS |language=en}}</ref> Martínez Trueba completed his presidential term until 1955 as president of the body.<ref name=":7" />

In 1953, the [[Uruguayan Air Force]] was established as a separate branch of the National Army.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ley N° 12070 |url=https://www.impo.com.uy/bases/leyes/12070-1953/1 |access-date=2022-06-16 |website=impo.com.uy}}</ref> In the [[1954 Uruguayan general election|1954 election]], the Colorado Party again obtained a majority in the [[National Council of Government (Uruguay)|National Council of Government]].<ref name="IF837">[https://legislativo.parlamento.gub.uy/OtrosDocumentos/EnciclopediaElectoral1900_2010.pdf Enciclopedia Electoral 1900–2010] Instituto Factum, p837</ref> In the period 1955–1959, the effects of an economic crisis —caused by the decrease in demand in the world market for agricultural products— worsened and there was an increase in the number of retirees and pensioners, in addition to an increase in the number of public employees, which led to popular discontent with the New Batllism model.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Arregui |first=Miguel |title=El naufragio del neobatllismo |url=https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/el-naufragio-del-neobatllismo-201844400 |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=El Observador}}</ref>