Editing History of Peru (section)

===Military anarchy (1841–1845)===
{{main|History of Peru (1841–1845)}}
After Gamarra's death, [[Manuel Menéndez]] was recognized as provisional president. However, several military leaders became involved in a struggle for power: in the north, [[Juan Crisóstomo Torrico]]; in the south, [[Antonio Gutiérrez de La Fuente]], [[Domingo Nieto]] and [[Juan Francisco de Vidal]]; and in Arequipa, [[Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco]]. Menéndez could not maintain power, as he was deposed by Torrico.

The anarchy led to the [[Peruvian Civil War of 1843–1844]]. By then, a government had been established by Vivanco, known as the '''Directory''' ({{langx|es|el Directorio}}). In contrast to this new government, a rebellion led by [[Domingo Nieto]] also sought to establish itself as the legitimate government. On September 3, 1843, the revolutionaries constituted a '''Provisional Government Junta of the Free Departments in Cuzco''' ({{langx|es|Junta de Gobierno Provisional de los Departamentos Libres}}), whose presidency was assumed by Domingo Nieto, who would be succeeded by Castilla after his death in 1844.

The civil war reached its end in the [[Battle of Carmen Alto]] of July 22, 1844, between Vivanco and Castilla's troops near Arequipa. After the defeat of Vivanco's troops, Vivanco himself arrived in Callao on July 27, being arrested by Prefect of Lima, [[Domingo Elías]] and exiled to Chile a few days later. With Castilla as the country's new leader, the anarchy came to an end.