Editing Hanover (section)

==Main sights==
{{Wide image|Hannover_Panorama2.jpg|1500px|Panoramic view from the viewing platform of the [[New Town Hall (Hanover)|New Town Hall]]}}
[[File:Marketchurchhannover.jpg|thumb|[[Marktkirche, Hanover|Market Church in Hanover]]]]
[[File:Hannover old townhall Karmarschstrasse Mitte Hannover Germany 01.jpg|thumb|[[Old Town Hall (Hanover)|Old Town Hall]]]]
[[File:Waterloosäule sst.jpg|thumb|upright|''[[Waterloo Column]]'' in Hanover]]
[[File:Anzeiger Dämmerung.jpg|thumb|right|Anzeiger Tower Block]]

There are around 5,500 buildings of major historic value within city limits.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://denkmalpflege.niedersachsen.de/denkmalatlas/listen |title=Denkmal.listen &#124; NDS. Landesamt für Denkmalpflege |access-date=2024-06-05 |archive-date=2024-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605231832/https://denkmalpflege.niedersachsen.de/denkmalatlas/listen |url-status=live }}</ref> One of Hanover's most grandiose sights is the [[Herrenhausen Gardens|Royal Gardens of Herrenhausen]]. Its Great Garden is an important European [[Baroque garden]]. The palace itself was largely destroyed by Allied bombing, but was reconstructed and reopened in 2013.<ref>[https://www.hannover.de/en/Tourism-Culture/Places-of-Interest-City-Tours/Tourist-Highlights/Royal-Gardens-of-Herrenhausen/Herrenhausen-Palace-and-Museum ''Herrenhausen Palace and Museum.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231051445/https://www.hannover.de/en/Tourism-Culture/Places-of-Interest-City-Tours/Tourist-Highlights/Royal-Gardens-of-Herrenhausen/Herrenhausen-Palace-and-Museum |date=31 December 2017 }} In: ''Hannover.de''.</ref> Among its points of interest is the Grotto, with the interior designed by French artist [[Niki de Saint Phalle]].<ref>[https://www.hannover.de/en/Tourism-Culture/Places-of-Interest-City-Tours/Tourist-Highlights/Royal-Gardens-of-Herrenhausen/The-Grotto-by-Niki-de-Saint-Phalle ''The Grotto by Niki de Saint Phalle.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909095255/https://www.hannover.de/en/Tourism-Culture/Places-of-Interest-City-Tours/Tourist-Highlights/Royal-Gardens-of-Herrenhausen/The-Grotto-by-Niki-de-Saint-Phalle |date=2017-09-09 }} In: ''Hannover.de''.</ref> The Great Garden consists of several parts and features Europe's tallest garden fountain. The historic ''Garden Theatre'' has hosted the musicals of the German rock musician [[Heinz Rudolf Kunze]].<ref>Ronald Meyer-Arlt: [http://www.haz.de/Nachrichten/Kultur/Uebersicht/Was-wird-aus-dem-Gartentheater ''Was wird aus dem Gartentheater?''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128132631/http://www.haz.de/Nachrichten/Kultur/Uebersicht/Was-wird-aus-dem-Gartentheater|date=2018-01-28}} In: ''Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung'', 28 August 2017 {{in lang|de}}.</ref>

Also at Herrenhausen, the ''[[Berggarten]]'' is a botanical garden with the most varied collection of orchids in Europe.<ref>[https://www.hannover.de/en/Tourism-Culture/Places-of-Interest-City-Tours/Tourist-Highlights/Royal-Gardens-of-Herrenhausen/The-Herrenhausen-Gardens/Berggarten ''Berggarten.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128132703/https://www.hannover.de/en/Tourism-Culture/Places-of-Interest-City-Tours/Tourist-Highlights/Royal-Gardens-of-Herrenhausen/The-Herrenhausen-Gardens/Berggarten |date=2018-01-28 }} In: ''Hannover.de''.</ref> Some points of interest are the ''Tropical House'', the ''Cactus House'', the ''Canary House'' and the ''Orchid House'', and free-flying birds and butterflies. Near the entrance to the Berggarten is the historic ''Library Pavillon''. The ''Mausoleum'' of the Guelphs is also  in the Berggarten. Like the Great Garden, the Berggarten also consists of several parts, for example the ''Paradies'' and the ''Prairie Garden''. The ''[[Georgengarten]]'' is an English landscape garden. The ''Leibniz Temple'' and the ''Georgen Palace'' are two points of interest there.[[File:Maschsee Hannover.jpg|thumb|[[Maschsee]] seen from the viewing platform of the New Town Hall|left]]The landmark of Hanover is the [[New City Hall (Hanover)|New Town Hall]] ({{lang|de|Neues Rathaus}}). Inside the building are four scale models of the city. An elevator ascends to the observation deck at the top of the large dome along a variable angle of up to 17 degrees, thought to be unique in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://storki.wordpress.com/2014/05/09/the-old-new-town-hall-rathaus-in-hannover-germany/|title=The old "New" Town Hall (Rathaus) in Hannover, Germany|date=10 May 2014|access-date=29 June 2017|archive-date=16 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116004517/https://storki.wordpress.com/2014/05/09/the-old-new-town-hall-rathaus-in-hannover-germany/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The ''[[Hanover Zoo]]'' received the Park Scout Award for the fourth year running in 2009–10, placing it among the best zoos in Germany.<ref name="zoo-hannover.de">{{cite web |url=http://www.zoo-hannover.de/unternehmen-zoo/aktuellespresse/aktuelle-nachricht/news/hannover-hat-den-besten-zoo-1.html |title=Hannover hat den "Besten Zoo" Aktuelle Nachricht Erlebnis-Zoo Hannover - Top Freizeitziel und Sehenswürdigkeit Niedersachsen |language=de |publisher=Zoo-hannover.de |access-date=7 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719115745/http://www.zoo-hannover.de/unternehmen-zoo/aktuellespresse/aktuelle-nachricht/news/hannover-hat-den-besten-zoo-1.html |archive-date=19 July 2011 }}</ref> The zoo consists of several theme areas: Sambesi, Meyers Farm, Gorilla-Mountain, Jungle-Palace, and Mullewapp. Some smaller areas are Australia, the wooded area for wolves, and the so-called swimming area with many seabirds. There is also a tropical house, a jungle house, and a show arena. The new Canadian-themed area, Yukon Bay, opened in 2010. In 2010 the Hanover Zoo had over 1.6 million visitors.<ref name="zoo-hannover.de" /> There is also the ''[[Sea Life Centres|Sea Life Centre]] Hanover'', which is the first tropical aquarium in Germany.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crowncom2009.org/p/Lodging-Travel/Visit-Hannover/|title=''crowncom2009.org''|access-date=14 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224230911/http://crowncom2009.org/p/Lodging-Travel/Visit-Hannover/|archive-date=24 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Another point of interest is the ''Old Town''. In the centre are the large ''[[Marktkirche, Hanover|Marktkirche]]'' (Church {{lang|la|St. Georgii et Jacobi}}, preaching venue of the bishop of the Lutheran [[Evangelical Lutheran State Church of Hanover|Landeskirche Hanovers]]), and the 15th century ''[[Old Town Hall (Hanover)|Old Town Hall]]'', heavily damaged by [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] bombing in 1943, and reconstructed after World War II. Nearby are the ''Leibniz House'', the ''Nolte House'', and the ''Beguine Tower''. The ''Kreuz-Church-Quarter'' around the ''Kreuz Church'' contains many little lanes. Nearby is the old royal sports hall, now called the ''Ballhof'' theatre. On the edge of the Old Town are the ''Market Hall'', the ''[[Leineschloss|Leine Palace]]'', and the ruin of the ''Aegidien Church'' which is now a monument to the victims of war and violence. Through the ''Marstall Gate'' the bank of the river ''Leine'' can be reached; the ''Nanas'' of [[Niki de Saint Phalle]] are there. They are part of the ''Sculpture Mile'', which starts at ''Trammplatz'', runs along the river bank, crosses ''Königsworther Square'', and ends at the entrance of the ''Georgengarten''. Near the Old Town is the district of Calenberger Neustadt where the Catholic [[St. Clement's Basilica, Hanover|St. Clement's Basilica]], the ''Reformed Church'' and the Lutheran [[Neustädter Kirche, Hannover|Neustädter Hof- und Stadtkirche St. Johannis]] stand.

Some other popular sights are the ''[[Waterloo Column]]'', the ''[[Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves|Laves]] House'', the ''[[Wangenheim Palace]]'', the ''Lower Saxony State Archives'', the ''Hanover Playhouse'', the ''Kröpcke Clock'', the ''Anzeiger Tower Block'', the ''Administration Building of the NORD/LB'', the ''[[Stadthalle Hannover|Cupola Hall]]'' of the Congress Centre, the ''Lower Saxony Stock'', the ''Ministry of Finance'', the ''Garten Church'', the ''Luther Church'', the ''[[Gehry Tower]]'' (designed by the American architect [[Frank Gehry|Frank O. Gehry]]), the specially designed ''Bus Stops'', the ''Opera House'', the ''[[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hanover Central Station]]'', the ''[[Maschsee]]'' lake and the city forest ''[[Eilenriede]]'', which is one of the largest of its kind in Europe. For recreation, Hanover has 40 parks, forests and gardens, a couple of lakes, two rivers and a canal.

The historic ''Leibniz Letters'', which can be viewed in the ''[[Gottfried Leibniz|Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]] Library'', have been on [[UNESCO]]'s [[Memory of the World Register]] since 2007.

Outside the city centre is the ''[[Hanover Fairground]]'', which was the site of [[Expo 2000|EXPO 2000]] fair. Some points of interest are the ''Planet M.'', the former ''German Pavillon'', some nations' vacant pavilions, the ''Expowale'', the ''EXPO-Plaza'' and the ''EXPO-Gardens'' (Parc Agricole, EXPO-Park South and the Gardens of change). The fairground can be reached by the ''Exponale'', one of the largest pedestrian bridges in Europe.

The ''Hanover Fairground'' is the largest exhibition centre in the world.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.messe.de/messegelaende_e |title=Exhibition Grounds – Deutsche Messe AG, Hannover - Germany |publisher=Messe.de |date=20 April 2005 |access-date=7 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716162450/http://www.messe.de/messegelaende_e |archive-date=16 July 2011 }}</ref>
It provides {{convert|496,000|m2|e6ft2|abbr=off}} of covered indoor space, {{convert|58,000|m2|e3ft2|abbr=off}} of open-air space, 27 halls and pavilions. Many of the Exhibition Centre's halls are architectural highlights. Furthermore, it offers the Convention Center with its 35 function rooms, glassed-in areas between halls, grassy park-like recreation zones and its own heliport. Two important sights on the fairground are the ''Hermes Tower'' ({{convert|88.8|m|ft|disp=or}} high) and the ''EXPO Roof'', the largest wooden roof in the world.<ref>Natterer, Julius. "Roof of the Main Hall for EXPO 2000 in Hanover, Germany," in ''Structural Engineering International'', August 2000, n. 3 v. 10</ref>

In the district of Anderten is the ''European Cheese Centre'', termed a "Cheese Experience Centre." Another tourist sight in Anderten is the ''Hindenburg Lock'', which was the biggest lock in Europe when it was constructed in 1928. The ''Tiergarten'' in the district of Kirchrode is a forest originally used for deer and other game for the king's table.
[[File:Telemax Daemmerung b.jpg|left|thumb|The Telemax tower is visible from up to {{convert|30|km}} away on the Autobahns]]
The {{convert|282|m|ft|adj=mid|-high}} ''[[Telemax (tower)|Telemax]]'' communications tower, the tallest building in Lower Saxony and the highest television tower in northern Germany, lies in the district of Groß-Buchholz. Some other notable towers are the ''VW-Tower'' in the city centre and the old towers of the former middle-age defence belt: ''Döhrener Tower'', ''Lister Tower'' and the ''Horse Tower''.

The 36 most significant sights of the city centre are connected by a {{convert|4.2|km|mi|0|adj=mid|-long}} walking trail called the [[Roter Faden|''Red Thread'']] that is literally painted onto the pavement with red paint. It starts at the Tourist Information Office and ends on the Ernst-August-Square, both in front of the central train station. There is also a guided sightseeing bus tour through the city.