Editing Guadeloupe (section)

== Demographics ==
{{Main|Demographics of Guadeloupe}}

{{Historical populations
| source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=DEP-971#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968: Guadeloupe] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708013752/https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=DEP-971#ancre-POP_T1 |date=8 July 2022 }}, INSEE</ref>
| percentages = pagr
| align = none
| graph-pos = right
| 1954.49863 |223675
| 1961.77260274 |276545
| 1967.791780822 |305312
| 1974.791780822 |315848
| 1982.18630137 |317269
| 1990.202739726 |353431
| 1999.183561644 |386566
| 2010 |403355
| 2015 |397990
| 2021 |384315
| 2024 |378561
}}

The population of Guadeloupe was estimated to be 378,561 on 1 January 2024.<ref name=pop /> The population is mainly [[Afro-Caribbean]]. European, [[Indians in Guadeloupe|Indian (Tamil, Telugu, and other South Indians)]], [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]], [[Syrian people|Syrians]], and Chinese are all minorities. There is also a substantial population of [[Haitians]] in Guadeloupe who work mainly in construction and as street vendors.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jackson |first1=Regine |title=Geographies of Haitian Diaspora |date=2011 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-1-136-80788-6 |page=36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQ6tAgAAQBAJ |access-date=3 July 2020 |archive-date=13 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213042714/https://books.google.com/books?id=OQ6tAgAAQBAJ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Basse-Terre]] is the political capital; however, the largest city and economic hub is [[Pointe-à-Pitre]].<ref name="britannica.com" />

The population of Guadeloupe has been decreasing by 0.8% per year since 2013.<ref name=census2019press>{{cite web |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6012504 |title=Recensement de la population en Guadeloupe : 384 239 habitants au 1ᵉʳ janvier 2019 |author=INSEE |author-link=INSEE |date=29 December 2021 |language=fr |access-date=5 July 2022 |archive-date=6 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706061535/https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6012504 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017 the average population density in Guadeloupe was {{convert|240|PD/km2}}, which is very high in comparison to metropolitan France's average of {{convert|119|PD/km2}}.<ref>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=METRO-1#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968: France métropolitaine] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708013749/https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=METRO-1#ancre-POP_T1 |date=8 July 2022 }}, INSEE</ref> One third of the land is devoted to agriculture and all mountains are uninhabitable; this lack of space and shelter makes the population density even higher.

=== Major urban areas ===
<!--[[List of cities in Guadeloupe]] redirects to this section-->
The most populous [[urban unit]] (agglomeration) is [[Pointe-à-Pitre]]-[[Les Abymes]], which covers 11 communes and 65% of the population of the department.<ref>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/unite-urbaine-2020/9A701-pointe-a-pitre-les-abymes Unité urbaine 2020 de Pointe-à-Pitre-Les Abymes (9A701)], INSEE</ref> The three largest urban units are:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://statistiques-locales.insee.fr/#bbox=-625696,5507794,555410,483962&c=indicator&i=pop_legales.popmun&s=2019&t=A01&view=map12 |title=Statistiques locales: France par unité urbaine, population municipale 2019 |publisher=[[INSEE]] |access-date=12 July 2022 |archive-date=29 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004346/https://statistiques-locales.insee.fr/#bbox=-625696,5507794,555410,483962&c=indicator&i=pop_legales.popmun&s=2019&t=A01&view=map12 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable
! Urban unit
! Population (2019)
|-
| [[Pointe-à-Pitre]]-[[Les Abymes]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 249,815
|-
| [[Basse-Terre]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 50,104
|-
| [[Capesterre-Belle-Eau]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 25,362
|}

=== Health ===
In 2011, [[life expectancy]] at birth was recorded at 77.0 years for males and 83.5 for females.<ref name=INSEE>{{cite web |url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/theme.asp?theme=2 |title=Population |publisher=Insee |access-date=18 May 2015 |archive-date=19 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119064159/http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/theme.asp?theme=2 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Medical centres in Guadeloupe include: University Hospital Centre (CHU) in Pointe-à-Pitre, Regional Hospital Centre (CHR) in Basse-Terre, and four hospitals located in Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Pointe-Noire, Bouillante and Saint-Claude.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vanguardhealthcare.co.uk/resources/centre-hopital-universitaire-point-a-pitre-chu-in-guadeloupe/ |title=Centre Hospital Universitaire Point a pitre Chu in Guadeloupe |website=Vanguard Healthcare |access-date=27 December 2020}}{{dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

The ''Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe'', is located in Pointe-à-Pitre and is responsible for researching environmental hygiene, vaccinations, and the spread of [[tuberculosis]] and other [[mycobacterium|mycobacteria]].<ref name="Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe">{{cite web |last1=Rastogi |first1=Nalin |title=Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe |url=http://www.pasteur-guadeloupe.fr/ |website=Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe |publisher=Rastogi, Nalin |access-date=21 February 2017 |archive-date=1 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201141102/http://www.pasteur-guadeloupe.fr/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Immigration ===
The relative wealth of Guadeloupe contrasts with the [[extreme poverty]] of several islands in the [[Caribbean]] region, which makes the community an attractive place for the populations of some of these territories.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atlas Caraïbe |url=http://atlas-caraibe.certic.unicaen.fr/fr/page-102.html |access-date=8 July 2021 |website=atlas-caraibe.certic.unicaen.fr |archive-date=8 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608192617/http://atlas-caraibe.certic.unicaen.fr/fr/page-102.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, other factors, such as political instability and natural disasters, explain this immigration. As early as the 1970s, the first illegal immigrants of [[Haitian diaspora|Haitian origin]] arrived in Guadeloupe to meet a need for labour in the agricultural sector; alongside this [[Haitian Americans|Haitian immigration]], which is more visible because it is more numerous, Guadeloupe has also seen the arrival and settlement of populations from the island of Dominica and the Dominican Republic. In 2005, the prefecture, which represents the State in Guadeloupe, reported figures of between 50,000 and 60,000 foreigners in the department.<ref>{{Cite web |title=L'immigration en Guadeloupe, sur islandscommission.org (La inmigración en Guadalupe, en islandscommission.org) |url=http://www.islandscommission.org/pub/docs/80_95_fr_presentation_guadeloupe.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=8 July 2021 |archive-date=25 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225045244/http://www.islandscommission.org/pub/docs/80_95_fr_presentation_guadeloupe.pdf}}</ref>
[[File:Guadeloupe women (1911).png|thumb|Guadeloupe women (1911) on Ellis Island]]

=== Migration ===
Created in 1963 by [[Michel Debré]], Bumidom's objective was to "[...] contribute to the solution of demographic problems in the overseas departments". To this end, its missions were multiple: information for future emigrants, vocational training, family reunification and management of reception centres. At the time, this project was also seen as a means to diminish the influence of the [[West Indian]] independence movements, which were gaining strength in the 1960s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bocandé |first=Anne |date=7 September 2017 |title=Péyi an nou: le Bumidom en BD |url=http://africultures.com/peyi-an-nou-bumidom-bd/ |access-date=8 July 2021 |website=Africultures |language=fr-FR |archive-date=21 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421082023/http://africultures.com/peyi-an-nou-bumidom-bd/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Between 1963 and 1981, an estimated 16,562 Guadeloupeans emigrated to [[metropolitan France]] through Bumidom. And the miniseries Le Rêve français (The French Dream) sets out to recount some of the consequences of the emigration of West Indians and Reunionese to France.

An estimated 50,000 Guadeloupeans and Martinicans participated in the construction of the [[Panama Canal]] between 1904 and 1914. In 2014, it was estimated that there were between 60,000 and 70,000 descendants of these West Indians living in Panama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Août 1914 : les Guadeloupéens et Martiniquais oubliés du Canal de Panama |date=14 August 2014 |url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/2014/08/14/aout-1914-les-guadeloupeens-et-martiniquais-oublies-du-canal-de-panama-175726.html |url-status=live |access-date=8 July 2021 |archive-date=28 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228193737/http://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/2014/08/14/aout-1914-les-guadeloupeens-et-martiniquais-oublies-du-canal-de-panama-175726.html}}</ref> Other waves of migration to North America, especially to Canada, occurred at the beginning of the 20th century.