Editing Geography of Chile (section)

== Population geography ==
[[File:Population pyramid of Chile 2016.png|thumb|Population pyramid of Chile 2016]]
[[File:Chile density.png|thumb|Chile Population Density]]

=== Demographics ===
{{main|Demographics of Chile}}

=== Urban population ===
The distribution of population is very condensed around the capital, Santiago, where approximately 90% of the people live.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=cia.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref> The cities of Valparaiso and Concepcion are the next highly populated cities, in that order.<ref name=":2" /> The population is 87.6% urbanized.<ref name=":2" /> In 2009, 12,037,290 living in urban parts of Chile actually had functioning facilities in their home, while 403,276 people did not have proper facilities in their dwelling.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=Chile+urban&d=POP&f=tableCode:311;countryCode:152|title=UNdata {{!}} record view {{!}} Occupants of housing units by type of housing unit and urban/rural residence|website=data.un.org|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref> 100% of the urban population has some form of access to sanitation facilities, while 90.9% of rural people have these facilities available.<ref name=":2" /> This is much higher than the rural average for the world that is at 50.5% access to sanitation facilities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=cia.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref>

The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs note the average annual rate of population change from 2015 to 2017 is 1.022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=chile&d=PopDiv&f=variableID:47;crID:152|title=UNdata {{!}} record view {{!}} Average annual rate of population change (percentage)|website=data.un.org|access-date=2018-10-06}}</ref> The UN data also shows live births per woman (2015–2017) averaging 1.765<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=chile&d=PopDiv&f=variableID:54;crID:152|title=UNdata {{!}} record view {{!}} Total fertility rate (live births per woman)|website=data.un.org|access-date=2018-10-06}}</ref> and combined infant mortality rate for both sexes at 6.258 per 1,000 live births.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=chile&d=PopDiv&f=variableID:77;crID:152|title=UNdata {{!}} record view {{!}} Infant mortality rate, for both sexes combined (infant deaths per 1,000 live births)|website=data.un.org|access-date=2018-10-06}}</ref>

====Natural hazards====
Natural disasters are a significant cause of Chilean emigration. Earthquakes are common in Chile due to the country's location on the Nazca Plate and South American Plate. Chile notoriously had some of the most powerful earthquakes in history with the Valdivia Earthquake in 1960 at 9.5 on the Richter scale and the Maule Earthquake at 8.8 in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |title=20 Largest Earthquakes in the World |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/browse/largest-world.php |website=U.S. Geological Survey |publisher=USGS |access-date=10 November 2018}}</ref> The top three countries that Chilean emigrants are moving to are Argentina, Peru, and the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=Migrants: Chile in 2013 |url=https://www.populationpyramid.net/migrants/en/chile/2013/ |website=Population Pyramid |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref>

Chile's natural hazards include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. The natural hazards are attributed to Chile's location along the Ring of Fire.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ring of Fire |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/ring-fire/ |website=National Geographic |publisher=National Geographic Society |access-date=10 November 2018|date=2015-01-06 }}</ref> Severe earthquakes can trigger tsunamis for this country with 6,435&nbsp;km of coastline. There are also more than three-dozen active volcanoes in Chile with the most active being the Llaima in the north Chilean Andes.<ref>{{cite web |title=South America:: Chile |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/ |website=CIA- World Factbook |publisher=CIA |access-date=10 November 2018}}</ref>