Editing Gemstone (section)

==== Synthetic corundum ====
Synthetic corundum includes ruby (red variation) and sapphire (other color variations), both of which are considered highly desired and valued.<ref name="Weldon"/> Ruby was the first gemstone to be synthesized by Auguste Verneuil with his development of the flame-fusion process in 1902.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shigley |first=James |date=2000 |title=Treated and synthetic gem materials |jstor=24104849 |journal=Current Science |volume=79 |issue=11 |pages=1566–1571}}</ref> Synthetic corundum continues to be made typically by flame-fusion as it is most cost-effective, but can also be produced through flux growth and hydrothermal growth.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Elwell |first=Dennis |date=1981 |editor-last=Nassau |editor-first=Kurt |title=Synthetic Gemstones |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1685235 |journal=Science |volume=211 |issue=4487 |pages=1156 |doi=10.1126/science.211.4487.1156.a |jstor=1685235 |pmid=17755153 |s2cid=239860410 |issn=0036-8075 |access-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415034649/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1685235 |url-status=live }}</ref>