Editing Euroscepticism (section)

===Austria===
[[File:Heinz-Christian Strache Sankt Poelten 20080918d.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Heinz-Christian Strache]], former leader of the Austrian hard Eurosceptic party [[Freedom Party of Austria|FPÖ]] ]]

The [[Freedom Party of Austria]] (FPÖ), established in 1956, is a right-wing populist party that mainly attracts support from young people and workers.<ref>Nordland, Rod (4 October 2008). [http://www.newsweek.com/2008/10/03/charging-to-the-right.html Charging To The Right]. ''[[Newsweek]]''. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref> In 1989, it changed its stance over the EU to Euroscepticism. It opposed Austria joining the EU in 1994, and opposed the introduction of the [[euro]] in 1998. The party would like to leave the EU if it threatens to develop into [[European Federation|a country]], or if [[Turkey]] joins. The FPÖ received 20–27% of the national vote in the 1990s, and more recently received 18% in 2008. Following the [[2017 Austrian legislative election]], it has 51/183 National Council seats, 16/62 Federal Council seats, and 4/19 European Parliament seats.

The [[Alliance for the Future of Austria|Bündnis Zukunft Österreich]] (BZÖ), established in 2005, is a socially conservative party that has always held Eurosceptic elements. In 2011 the party openly supported leaving the [[eurozone]], and in 2012 it announced that it supported a full withdrawal from the European Union.<ref>{{cite news |title=BZÖ will raus aus der Euro-Zone|url=http://www.oe24.at/oesterreich/politik/BZOe-will-raus-aus-der-Euro-Zone/69868870|newspaper=[[Österreich (newspaper)|Österreich]] |date=21 June 2012 |access-date=9 November 2012|language=de}}</ref> The party has also called upon a referendum on the Lisbon Treaty.<ref name="BZÖ wird rechtsliberal">{{cite news|title=BZÖ wird "rechtsliberal"|url=http://diepresse.com/home/politik/innenpolitik/515151/BZO-wird-rechtsliberal|newspaper=[[Die Presse]]|date=15 October 2009|access-date=9 July 2011|language=de|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519073226/http://diepresse.com/home/politik/innenpolitik/515151/BZO-wird-rechtsliberal|archive-date=19 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> In polls it generally received around 10–15%, although in one state it did receive 45% of the vote in 2009. Since the 2017 election, it has 0/183 National Council seats, 0/62 Federal Council seats, and 0/19 European Parliament seats.

[[Team Stronach]], established in 2012, has campaigned to reform the European Union, as well as to replace the euro with an Austrian Euro. In 2012, it regularly received 8–10% support in national polls.<ref>{{cite news |title=Austrian magnate's new party wants to dump euro|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/austrian-magnate-s-new-party-wants-to-dump-euro-1.541727|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|date=23 August 2012|access-date=26 August 2012}}</ref> Politicians from many different parties (including the Social Democratic Party and the BZÖ) as well as previous independents switched their allegiances to the new party upon creation.<ref>{{cite news|title=Stronach-Partei: Gerüchte um vierten Mandatar "falsch"|url=http://diepresse.com/home/politik/innenpolitik/1283045/StronachPartei_Geruchte-um-vierten-Mandatar-falsch |newspaper=[[Die Presse]]|date=26 August 2012|access-date=12 May 2012|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Zerfallserscheinungen beim BZÖ |url=http://kurier.at/politik/stronach-ueberlaeufer-sollen-eid-ablegen/823.779|newspaper=[[Kurier]] |date=12 October 2012 |access-date=12 October 2012|language=de}}</ref> In two local elections in March 2013, it won 11% of the vote in [[2013 Carinthian state election|Carinthia]], and 10% of the vote in [[Lower Austria]]. It dissolved in 2017.

[[Ewald Stadler]], a former member of FPÖ (and later of BZÖ) was very Eurosceptic, but in 2011 became a member of the European Parliament due to the Lisbon Treaty. Before Stadler accepted the seat, this led to heavy critics by Jörg Leichtfried (SPÖ) "Stadler wants to just rescue his political career" because Stadler before mentioned he would never accept a seat as MEP if this was only due to the Lisbon Treaty.<ref>{{cite news |title=Leichtfried zu Stadler: Chaos bei BZÖ – EU-Mandat durch Lissabon plötzlich akzeptabel|url=http://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20091217_OTS0158/leichtfried-zu-stadler-chaos-bei-bzoe-eu-mandat-durch-lissabon-ploetzlich-akzeptabel|date=17 December 2009 |access-date=21 February 2014|language=de}}</ref> On 23 December 2013 he founded a conservative and Eurosceptic party called [[The Reform Conservatives]], although it has been inactive since June 2016.

In the [[2014 European Parliament election in Austria|2014 European Parliament election]], the FPÖ increased its vote to 19.7% (up 7.0%), gaining 2 new MEPs, making a total of 4; the party came third, behind the ÖVP and the SPÖ. EU-STOP (the electoral alliance of the [[EU Withdrawal Party]] and the [[Neutral Free Austria|Neutral Free Austria Federation]]) polled 2.8%, gaining no seats, and the [[Reform Conservatives]] 1.2%, with Team Stronach putting up no candidates.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://derstandard.at/1395364606981/Nachbaur-Die-Neos-sind-ein-moderner-Maennerklub|title=Nachbaur: "Die Neos sind ein moderner Männerklub" – derStandard.at|website=Der Standard|language=de-AT|access-date=4 April 2019}}</ref>

In the [[2019 European Parliament election in Austria|2019 European Parliament election]], the FPÖ came 3rd with 17.2% of the vote which was only slightly down on 2014 despite a scandal allegedly promising public contracts to a woman posing as a Russian backer. This precipitated the collapse of the ruling coalition and a new election being called.<ref>{{cite news|author=Jon Henley and Philip Oltermann |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/18/austrian-government-in-crisis-over-secret-strache-footage |title=Austria to move fast to hold elections after coalition collapses &#124; World news |newspaper=The Guardian |date= 18 May 2019|access-date=15 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://election-results.eu/national-results/austria/2019-2024/|title=National results Austria &#124; 2019 Election results &#124; 2019 European election results &#124; European Parliament|website=europarl.europa.eu|access-date=27 May 2019|archive-date=27 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527212542/https://www.election-results.eu/national-results/austria/2019-2024/|url-status=dead}}</ref>