Editing Egyptian language (section)

====Phonology====
The most important source of information about Demotic phonology is Coptic. The consonant inventory of Demotic can be [[Linguistic reconstruction|reconstructed]] on the basis of evidence from the Coptic dialects.{{sfn|Allen|2020|p=[{{google books URL|09LQDwAAQBAJ|p=26}} 26]}} Demotic orthography is relatively [[Orthographic depth|opaque]]. The Demotic "alphabetical" signs are mostly inherited from the hieroglyphic script, and due to historical [[sound change]]s they do not always map neatly onto Demotic [[phoneme]]s. However, the Demotic script does feature certain orthographic innovations, such as the use of the sign {{Transliteration|egy|h̭}} for /{{IPA link|ç}}/,{{sfn|Allen|2020|p=[{{google books URL|09LQDwAAQBAJ|p=28}} 28]}} which allow it to represent sounds that were not present in earlier forms of Egyptian.

The Demotic consonants can be divided into two primary classes: [[obstruent]]s ([[Plosive|stops]], [[affricate]]s and [[fricative]]s) and [[sonorant]]s ([[approximant]]s, [[Nasal consonant|nasals]], and [[semivowel]]s).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Depuydt|first=Leo|date=1993|title=On Coptic Sounds|url=https://copticsounds.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/on-coptic-sounds.pdf|journal=Orientalia|publisher=Gregorian Biblical Press|volume=62|issue=4|pages=338–375}}</ref> [[Voice (phonetics)|Voice]] is not a contrastive feature; all obstruents are voiceless and all sonorants are voiced.{{sfn|Allen|2020|p=[{{google books URL|09LQDwAAQBAJ|p=76}} 76]}} Stops may be either [[Aspirated consonant|aspirated]] or [[Tenuis consonant|tenuis]] (unaspirated),{{sfn|Allen|2020|p=[{{google books URL|09LQDwAAQBAJ|p=74}} 74–75]}} although there is evidence that aspirates merged with their tenuis counterparts in certain environments.{{sfn|Peust|1999|p=85|loc=After the New Kingdom, confusion between both series of stops becomes very frequent in Egyptian writing. A phonetic merger of some kind is certainly the cause of this phenomenon.}}

The following table presents the consonants of Demotic Egyptian. The reconstructed value of a phoneme is given in [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] transcription, followed by a transliteration of the corresponding Demotic "alphabetical" sign(s) in angle brackets {{angbr| }}.

{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+ Demotic Egyptian consonants
|-
!colspan=2|
! [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
!colspan=2| [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[Postalveolar consonant|Postalv.]]
! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
! [[Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyng.]]
! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
!colspan=2| [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{IPAslink|m}}
|colspan=2| {{IPAslink|n}}
|
|
|
|
|-
!rowspan=3| [[Obstruent]]
! <small>[[Aspirated consonant|aspirate]]</small>
| {{IPAslink|pʰ}} {{angbr|p}}
|colspan=2| {{IPAslink|tʰ}} {{angbr|t ṯ}}
| {{IPAslink|t͡ʃʰ}} {{angbr|ṯ}}
| {{IPAslink|cʰ}} {{angbr|k}}
| {{IPAslink|kʰ}} {{angbr|k}}
|
| 
|-
! <small>[[Tenuis consonant|tenuis]]</small>
|
|colspan=2| {{IPAslink|t}} {{angbr|d ḏ t ṯ ṱ}}
| {{IPAslink|t͡ʃ}} {{angbr|ḏ ṯ}}
| {{IPAslink|c}} {{angbr|g k q}}
| {{IPAslink|k}} {{angbr|q k g}}
|
|
|-
! <small>[[fricative]]</small>
| {{IPAslink|f}} {{angbr|f}}
|colspan=2| {{IPAslink|s}} {{angbr|s}}
| {{IPAslink|ʃ}} {{angbr|š}}
| {{IPAslink|ç}} {{angbr|h̭ ḫ}}
| {{IPAslink|x}} {{angbr|ẖ ḫ}}
| {{IPAslink|ħ}} {{angbr|ḥ}}
| {{IPAslink|h}} {{angbr|h}}
|-
!colspan=2| [[Approximant]]
| {{IPAslink|β}} {{angbr|b}}
| {{IPAslink|r}} {{angbr|r}}
| {{IPAslink|l}} {{angbr|l r}}
|
| {{IPAslink|j}} {{angbr|y ı͗}}
| {{IPAslink|w}} {{angbr|w}}
| {{IPAslink|ʕ}} {{angbr|ꜥ}}{{efn|/ʕ/ was lost near the end of the Ptolemaic period.{{sfn|Peust|1999|p=102|loc=In Roman Demotic {{angbr|ꜥ}} suddenly begins to be employed in a very inconsistent manner. It is often omitted or added without etymological justification. I take this as an indication that the phoneme /ʕ/ was lost from the spoken language.}}}}
|
|}
{{notelist}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Demotic–Coptic sound correspondences
|-
!rowspan=2| Demotic<br>spelling
!rowspan=2| Demotic<br>phoneme
!colspan=9| Coptic reflexes
|-
! [[Old Coptic]]{{efn|The term Old Coptic refers to any Coptic texts produced before the standardization of the Coptic alphabet and the emergence of the major literary dialects. These texts exhibit a variety of orthographic and dialectal features and notably make use of several letters of Demotic origin which are not found in the standard Coptic script. The minor dialects ''P'' and ''I'' are sometimes grouped under the Old Coptic umbrella, however, strictly speaking Dialect I is written with a modified version of the Sahidic alphabet which it shares with Akhmimic, rather than a genuine Old Coptic system.}}
! {{abbr|B|Bohairic}}
! {{abbr|F|Fayyumic}}
! {{abbr|M|Mesokemic}}
! {{abbr|S|Sahidic}}
! {{abbr|P|Dialect P (P.Bodmer VI)}}
! {{abbr|L|Lycopolitan}}
! {{abbr|I|Dialect I (Ascension of Isaiah)}}
! {{abbr|A|Akhmimic}}
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|m}}
| */{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
| {{coptic|ⲙ}} /{{IPA link|m}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|n}}
| */{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}}, {{coptic|ⲻ}}, {{coptic|ⲳ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}}, {{coptic|ⲻ}}, {{coptic|ⲳ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
| {{coptic|ⲛ}} /{{IPA link|n}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|p}}
| */{{IPA link|p}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲫ}} /{{IPA link|p}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|t}}, {{Transliteration|egy|ṯ}}
| */{{IPA link|t}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲑ}} /{{IPA link|t}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|ṯ}}
| */{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⳗ}}, {{coptic|ⳙ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|k}}
| */{{IPA link|c}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|k}}
| */{{IPA link|k}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲹ}}, {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲭ}} /{{IPA link|k}}{{IPA link|ʰ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲹ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|p}}
| *[{{IPA link|p}}]{{efn|[p] is an [[allophone]] of /pʰ/ in Demotic.}}
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
| {{coptic|ⲡ}} /{{IPA link|p}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|d}}, {{Transliteration|egy|ḏ}}, {{Transliteration|egy|t}}, {{Transliteration|egy|ṯ}}, {{Transliteration|egy|ṱ}}
| */{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
| {{coptic|ⲧ}} /{{IPA link|t}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|ḏ}}
| */{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ⳗ}}, {{coptic|ⳙ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|g}}, {{Transliteration|egy|k}}, {{Transliteration|egy|q}} 
| */{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ⳛ}}, {{coptic|ϭ}}, {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϫ}} /{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
| {{coptic|ϭ}} /{{IPA link|c}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|q}}, {{Transliteration|egy|k}}, {{Transliteration|egy|g}}
| */{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲹ}}, {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲹ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
| {{coptic|ⲕ}} /{{IPA link|k}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|f}}
| */{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
| {{coptic|ϥ}} /{{IPA link|f}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|s}}
| */{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
| {{coptic|ⲥ}} /{{IPA link|s}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|š}}
| */{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}}, {{coptic|ⳅ}}, {{coptic|ⳇ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|h̭}}, {{Transliteration|egy|ḫ}}
| */{{IPA link|ç}}/
| {{coptic|ⳓ}}, {{coptic|ⳋ}} /{{IPA link|ç}}~{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ⳋ}} /{{IPA link|ç}}/
| {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ⳃ}}, {{coptic|ϣ}} /{{IPA link|ç}}~{{IPA link|ʃ}}/
| {{coptic|ⳉ}} /{{IPA link|x}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|ẖ}}, {{Transliteration|egy|ḫ}}
| */{{IPA link|x}}/
| {{coptic|ϧ}} /{{IPA link|x}}/
| {{coptic|ϧ}} /{{IPA link|x}}/
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϧ}} /{{IPA link|x}}/
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ⳉ}} /{{IPA link|x}}/
| {{coptic|ⳉ}} /{{IPA link|x}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|ḥ}}
| */{{IPA link|ħ}}/
| {{coptic|ⳕ}}, {{coptic|ϩ}}, {{coptic|ⳍ}} /{{IPA link|ħ}}~{{IPA link|h}}/
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|h}}
| */{{IPA link|h}}/
| {{coptic|ⳏ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
| {{coptic|ϩ}} /{{IPA link|h}}/ 
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|b}}
| */{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
| {{coptic|ⲃ}} /{{IPA link|β}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|r}}
| */{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/, {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
| {{coptic|ⲣ}} /{{IPA link|r}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|l, r}}
| */{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
| {{coptic|ⲗ}} /{{IPA link|l}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|y, ı͗}}
| */{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲉ}}){{coptic|ⲓ}} /{{IPA link|j}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|w}}
| */{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
| ({{coptic|ⲟ}}){{coptic|ⲩ}} /{{IPA link|w}}/
|-
| {{Transliteration|egy|ꜥ}}
| */{{IPA link|ʕ}}/
| {{coptic|ⲵ}}, ∅ /{{IPA link|ʔ}}~{{IPA link|∅}}/
| ∅
| ∅
| ∅
| ∅
| ∅
| ∅
| ∅
| ∅
|}
{{notelist}}