Editing Economy of Mexico (section)

=== Mining ===
[[File:Silver_(La_Nevada_Mine,_Chihuahua,_Mexico)_(16656176014).jpg|250px|thumb|Mexico is the world's leading producer of [[silver]].]]
[[File:Mina_de_Acosta,_Real_del_Monte,_Hidalgo,_México,_2013-10-10,_DD_02.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The former Acosta mine, now a museum in [[Hidalgo (state)|Hidalgo]]]]{{Main|Mining in Mexico}}
In 2019, the country was the world's largest producer of [[silver]]<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-silver.pdf| title = USGS Silver Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = May 15, 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210515082301/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-silver.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> 9th largest producer of [[gold]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gold.pdf| title = USGS Gold Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = October 9, 2022| archive-url = https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gold.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the 8th largest producer of [[copper]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-copper.pdf| title = USGS Copper Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = October 9, 2022| archive-url = https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-copper.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the world's 5th largest producer of [[lead]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-lead.pdf| title = USGS Lead Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = May 15, 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210515091715/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-lead.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the world's 6th largest producer of [[zinc]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-zinc.pdf| title = USGS Zinc Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = October 9, 2022| archive-url = https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-zinc.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the world's 5th largest producer of [[molybdenum]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-molybdenum.pdf| title = USGS Molybdenum Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = October 9, 2022| archive-url = https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-molybdenum.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the world's 3rd largest producer of [[mercury (element)|mercury]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-mercury.pdf| title = USGS Mercury Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = March 7, 2022| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220307084311/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-mercury.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the world's 5th largest producer of [[bismuth]],<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-bismuth.pdf| title = USGS Bismuth Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = October 22, 2022| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221022151458/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-bismuth.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> the world's 13th largest producer of [[manganese]]<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-manganese.pdf| title = USGS Manganese Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = June 25, 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210625143322/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-manganese.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> and the 23rd largest world producer of [[phosphate]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-phosphate.pdf| title = USGS Phosphate Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = May 2, 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210502135915/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-phosphate.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref> It is also the 8th largest world producer of [[table salt|salt]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-salt.pdf| title = USGS Salt Production Statistics| access-date = April 28, 2021| archive-date = October 9, 2022| archive-url = https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-salt.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref>

In April 2022, the Senate passed a law that [[nationalizes]] the [[lithium mining]] industry in the country. The federal government will monopolize all new lithium mines in the country, but existing operations will be allowed to continue in private hands.<ref name="Li">{{cite news |title='Lithium is ours:' Senate approves mining reform, nationalizing the metal |url=https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/senate-approves-nationalizing-lithium/ |access-date=April 23, 2022 |work=Mexico News Daily |date=April 20, 2022 |archive-date=August 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809111003/https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/senate-approves-nationalizing-lithium/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Critics of the move argue that the constitution already does this<ref name="Li"/> and that the government lacks the technical capacity to mine the major reserves, which are mostly in [[clay]] deposits that are difficult to mine. The government made a similar failed attempt to nationalize [[uranium mining]] in the 1980s.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mining industry doubts Mexico's capacity for exploiting lithium deposits |url=https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/mining-industry-mexico-lithium-deposits/ |work=Mexico News Daily |date=December 23, 2021 |access-date=April 23, 2022 |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824231322/https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/mining-industry-mexico-lithium-deposits/ |url-status=live }}</ref>