Editing Dictatorship (section)

==== Europe ====
[[File:El Caudillo y Rafael L. Trujillo en una demostración 1.jpg|thumb|Spanish dictator [[Francisco Franco]] with [[Dominican Republic|Dominican]] dictator [[Rafael Trujillo]], 1954]]
[[António de Oliveira Salazar]] became Prime Minister of Portugal in 1932 and established the [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|''Estado Novo'']].{{Sfn|Lee|2016|p=305–306}} [[Francisco Franco]] took power in Spain after leading the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalist faction]] to victory in the [[Spanish Civil War]] and became a dictator in 1939.{{Sfn|Lee|2016|pp=297–298}}

During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. When the war ended, these countries were incorporated into the Soviet sphere of influence, and the Soviet Union exercised control over their governments.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Iordachi |first1=Constantin |last2=Apor |first2=Péter |date=2013-01-01 |title=Introduction: Studying Communist Dictatorships: From Comparative to Transnational History |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/eceu/40/1-2/article-p1_1.xml |journal=East Central Europe |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–35 |doi=10.1163/18763308-04001016 |issn=1876-3308}}</ref> [[Josip Broz Tito]] declared a communist government in Yugoslavia during World War II, which was initially aligned with the Soviet Union. The relations between the countries were strained by Soviet attempts to influence Yugoslavia, leading to the [[Tito–Stalin split]] in 1948.{{Sfn|Staar|1982|pp=230–232}} Albania was established as a communist dictatorship under [[Enver Hoxha]] in 1944. It was initially aligned with Yugoslavia, but its alignment shifted throughout the Cold War between Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and China.{{Sfn|Staar|1982|pp=1–2}} The stability of the Soviet Union weakened in the 1980s. The Soviet economy became unsustainable, and communist governments lost the support of intellectuals and their population in general. In 1989, the Soviet Union was [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|dissolved]], and communism was abandoned by the countries of Central and Eastern Europe through a series of [[Revolutions of 1989|revolutions]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Schöpflin |first=George |date=1990-01-01 |title=The end of communism in Eastern Europe |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/2622187 |journal=International Affairs |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=3–16 |doi=10.2307/2622187 |jstor=2622187 |issn=0020-5850}}</ref>