Editing Demographics of Bangladesh (section)

==Ethnic group==
The vast majority (about 99%) of Bangladeshis are of the [[Bengali people|Bengali]] ethno-linguistic group. This group also spans the neighbouring Indian province of [[West Bengal]]. Minority ethnic groups include [[Meitei people|Meitei]], [[Tripuri people|Tripuri]], [[Marma people|Marma]], [[Tanchangya people|Tanchangya]], [[Barua (Bangladesh)|Barua]], [[Khasi people|Khasi]], [[Santhal people|Santhals]], [[Chakma people|Chakma]], [[Rakhine people|Rakhine]], [[Garo (tribe)|Garo]], [[Biharis]], [[Kurukh people|Oraons]], and [[Munda people|Mundas]].

[[Biharis]] are [[Urdu]]-speaking, non-Bengalis who emigrated from the state of [[Bihar]] and other parts of northern India during the [[partition of India|1947 partition]].  They are concentrated in the [[Dhaka]] and [[Rangpur, Bangladesh|Rangpur]] areas and number some 300,000.<ref name=dw>{{cite web |title=Socio-economic Problems of the Urdu Speaking Residents at Mohammadpur |url=http://www.dwatch-bd.org/ggtp/Research%20Reports/research3.pdf |publisher=Democracy Watch |access-date=12 April 2011 |archive-date=12 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612081936/http://www.dwatch-bd.org/ggtp/Research%20Reports/research3.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=ju>{{cite web |last=Persoob |first=Tasmia |title=The Forgotten Community: Camp Based Urdu Speaking People in Bangladesh |url=http://akira-foundation.org/Documents/fellow%20product%20%28Tasmia%29.pdf |publisher=Jahangirnagar University |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322152732/http://akira-foundation.org/Documents/fellow%20product%20%28Tasmia%29.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2012 |access-date=12 April 2011}}</ref> In the 1971 independence war many of them sided with Pakistan, as they stood to lose their positions in the upper levels of society.<ref name="country study">[http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm Ethnic and Linguistic Diversity] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328224733/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm |date=28 March 2014 }}, Bangladesh: A Country Study, Edited by James Heitzman and Robert Worden, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1989.</ref>  Hundreds of thousands went to Pakistan and those that remained were interned in [[Stranded Pakistanis|refugee camps]]. Their population declined from about 1 million in 1971 to 600,000 in the late 1980s.<ref name="country study"/> [[Refugees International]] has called them a "neglected and stateless" people as they are denied citizenship by the governments of Bangladesh and Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.refugeesinternational.org/content/publication/detail/7828/ |title=Refugees of Nowhere: The Stateless Biharis of Bangladesh |date=15 February 2006 |website=Refugees International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614045741/http://www.refugeesinternational.org/content/publication/detail/7828/ |archive-date=14 June 2007}}</ref> As nearly 40 years has passed, two generations of Biharis have been born in these camps. Biharis were granted Bangladeshi citizenship and voting rights in 2008.<ref>{{cite news |title=Citizenship for Bihari refugees |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/south_asia/7407757.stm |work=[[BBC News]] |date=19 May 2008 |access-date=21 May 2008}}</ref>

Bangladesh's tribal population was enumerated at 897,828 in the 1981 census.<ref name="country study"/> These tribes are concentrated in the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]] and around [[Mymensingh]], [[Sylhet]], and [[Rajshahi]]. They are of Sino-Tibetan descent and differ markedly in their social customs, religion, language and level of development. They speak Tibeto-Burman languages and most are Buddhist or Hindu.<ref name="country study"/> The four largest tribes are [[Chakma people|Chakmas]], Marmas, Tipperas, [[Tanchangya people|Tanchangya]],  and Mros. Smaller groups include the Santals in Rajshahi and Dinajpur, and Khasis, Garos, and Khajons in Mymensingh and Sylhet regions.<ref name="country study"/>

There are small communities of [[Meitei people]] (alias [[Manipuri people]]) in the Sylhet district, which is close to the Meitei homeland across the border in [[Manipur]], India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manipuri, The  |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Manipuri,_The |access-date=26 November 2023 |website=[[Banglapedia]] |place=Bangladesh |language=en |archive-date=26 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026045836/https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Manipuri,_The |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Manipuri Ethnic Group in Bangladesh |url=https://www.bangladesh.com/blog/the-manipuri-ethnic-group-in-bangladesh/ |access-date=26 November 2023 |website=Bangladesh.com |language=en-US |archive-date=26 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126111835/https://www.bangladesh.com/blog/the-manipuri-ethnic-group-in-bangladesh/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

There is a large population of [[Rohingya]] refugees from [[Myanmar]] near the border in the southeast. There are 28,000 living in two UN refugee camps in [[Cox's Bazar]] as well as some 200,000 "unregistered people of concern" living outside of the camps.<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/page?page=49e487546 2010 Regional Operations Profile – South-East Asia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110818153025/http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/page?page=49e487546 |date=18 August 2011 }}, [[United Nations High Commission for Refugees]], 2010.</ref> The refugee crisis originated in the early 1990s when the first wave numbering some 250,000 of the predominantly Muslim ethnic group fled persecution from their home in Rakhaine—Myanmar's westernmost state. Bangladesh seeks to repatriate the refugees back to Myanmar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh refuse repatriation |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gAUv3NW-WgdhhVGoQX3y7xbRroTw |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130124212129/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gAUv3NW-WgdhhVGoQX3y7xbRroTw |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 January 2013 |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |date=30 December 2009}}</ref> Since [[Rohingya genocide|2017]], there are approximately 1.1 million Rohingya refugees living in Bangladesh.