Editing Comet Hale–Bopp (section)

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="Aguirre_1997">{{cite magazine
| author1= E. L. Aguirre
| title= The Great Comet of 1997
| url= https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/skyandtelescope/access/886291661.html?dids=886291661:886291661&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:PAGE&date=Jul+1997&author=Edwin+L+Aguirre&desc=The+Great+Comet+of+1997
| magazine= Sky & Telescope
| date= July 1997
| access-date= 5 July 2017
| archive-date= 16 January 2009
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090116131943/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/skyandtelescope/access/886291661.html?dids=886291661:886291661&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:PAGE&date=Jul+1997&author=Edwin+L+Aguirre&desc=The+Great+Comet+of+1997
| url-status= dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="Bailey_1996">{{cite journal
| author1= M. E. Bailey
| author2= V. V. Emel'Yanenko
| author3= G. Hahn
| author4= N. W. Harris
| author5= K. A. Hughes
| author6= K. Muinonen
| author7= J. V. Scotti
| display-authors= 4
| title= Orbit Determination and Evolution of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
| journal= [[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]
| year= 1996
| volume= 281
| issue= 1
| pages= 916–924
| citeseerx=10.1.1.29.6010
| bibcode=1996MNRAS.281..916B
| doi= 10.1093/mnras/281.3.916
| doi-access= free }}
</ref>

<ref name="barycenter">{{cite web 
| author= [[JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System|Horizons]] output
| title= Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
| url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%27Hale-Bopp%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%272022-Sep-15%27&STOP_TIME=%272022-Sep-16%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%20years%27&CENTER=%27@0%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27 
| access-date= 18 September 2022 }} (Solution using the Solar System [[barycenter]]. "PR = 8.763E+05 / 365.25 days" = 2399 years)
</ref>

<ref name="Biver_1996">{{cite journal
| author1= N. Biver
| author2= H. Rauer
| author3= D. Despois
| author4= R. Moreno
| author5= G. Paubert
| author6= D. Bockelée-Morvan
| author7= P. Colom
| author8= J. Crovisier
| author9= E. Gérard
| author10= L. Jorda
| display-authors= 5
| title= Substantial outgassing of CO from Comet Hale–Bopp at large heliocentric distance
| journal= Nature
| year= 1996
| volume= 380
| issue= 6570
| pages= 137–139
| bibcode= 1996Natur.380..137B
| s2cid= 4342525
| pmid= 8600385
| doi= 10.1038/380137a0 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Bopp_1997">{{cite journal
| author1= T. Bopp
| title= Amateur Contributions in the study of Comet Hale–Bopp
| journal= Earth, Moon, and Planets
| year= 1997
| volume= 79
| issue= 1–3
| pages= 307–308
| bibcode= 1997EM&P...79..307B
| s2cid= 117124838
| doi= 10.1023/A:1006262006364 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Burnham_2000">{{cite book
| author1= R. Burnham
| author2= D. H. Levy
| title= Great Comets
| url= https://archive.org/details/greatcomets00burn/page/191
| publisher= Cambridge University Press
| year= 2000
| isbn= 978-0-521-64600-0
| page= 191
| url-access= registration }}
</ref>

<ref name="Cremonese_1997a">{{cite journal
| author1= G. Cremonese
| author2= H. Boehnhardt
| author3= J. Crovisier
| author4= H. Rauer
| author5= A. Fitzsimmons
| author6= M. Fulle
| author7= J. Licandro
| author8= D. Pollacco
| author9= G. P. Tozzi
| author10= R. M. West
| display-authors= 5
| title= Neutral Sodium from Comet Hale–Bopp: A Third Type of Tail
| journal= The Astrophysical Journal Letters
| volume= 490
| issue= 2
| pages= L199–L202
| year= 1997
| bibcode= 1997ApJ...490L.199C
| arxiv= astro-ph/9710022
| s2cid= 119405749
| doi= 10.1086/311040 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Cremonese_1997b">{{cite journal
| author1= G. Cremonese
| author2= M. Fulle
| title= Sodium In Comets
| journal= Earth, Moon, and Planets
| year= 1997
| volume= 79
| issue= 1
| pages= 209–220
| bibcode= 1997EM&P...79..209C
| s2cid= 118693620
| doi= 10.1023/A:1006245619568 }}
</ref>

<ref name="epoch1600">{{cite web 
| author= [[JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System|Horizons]] output
| title= Barycentric Orbital Elements for Epoch 1600 
| url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%27Hale-Bopp%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%271600-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%271600-01-02%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%20years%27&CENTER=%27@0%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27  
| access-date= 19 September 2022 }} (Solution using the Solar System [[barycenter]]. "AD = 5.24E+02 and PR = 1.5536E+06 / 365.25 days" = 4254 years)
</ref>

<ref name="Fernandez_1999">{{cite journal
| author1= Y. R. Fernández
| author2= D. D. Wellnitz
| author3= M. W. Buie
| author4= E. W. Dunham
| author5= R. L. Millis
| author6= R. A. Nye
| author7= J. A. Stansberry
| author8= L. H. Wasserman
| author9= M. F. a'Hearn
| author10= C. M. Lisse
| author11= M. E. Golden
| author12= M. J. Person
| author13= R. R. Howell
| author14= R. L. Marcialis
| author15= J. N. Spitale
| display-authors= 5
| title= The Inner Coma and Nucleus of Comet Hale–Bopp: Results from a Stellar Occultation
| journal= Icarus
| year= 1999
| volume= 140
| issue= 1
| pages= 205–220
| bibcode= 1999Icar..140..205F
| s2cid= 43229796
| doi= 10.1006/icar.1999.6127 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Fernandez_2002">{{cite journal
| author1= Y. R. Fernández
| title= The Nucleus of Comet Hale–Bopp (C/1995 O1): Size and Activity
| year= 2002
| journal= Earth, Moon, and Planets
| volume= 89
| issue=1
| pages= 3–25
| bibcode= 2002EM&P...89....3F
| s2cid= 189899565
| doi= 10.1023/A:1021545031431 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Ganesh_1998">{{cite journal
| author1= S. Ganesh
| author2= U. C. Joshi
| author3= K. S. Baliyan
| author4= M. R. Deshpande
| title= Polarimetric observations of the comet Hale–Bopp
| journal= Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement
| year= 1998
| volume= 129
| issue= 5
| pages= 489–493
| bibcode= 1998A&AS..129..489G
| doi= 10.1051/aas:1998201
| doi-access = free }}
</ref>

<ref name="Hale_1997">{{cite journal
| author1= A. Hale
| title= Hale–Bopp Comet Madness
| url= http://www.csicop.org/si/show/hale-bopp_comet_madness/
| journal= Skeptical Inquirer
| year= 1997
| volume= 21
| issue= 2
| pages= 25–28
| access-date= 6 December 2009
| archive-date= 8 February 2010
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100208233213/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/hale-bopp_comet_madness
| url-status= dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="Hale-Bopp4385">{{cite web
| title= Solex 10 estimate for Next Perihelion of C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp) 
| url= http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/Hale-Bopp4385.txt
| access-date= 18 December 2009
| archive-date= 10 August 2012
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120810085857/http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/Hale-Bopp4385.txt
| url-status= dead
| format= TXT }}
</ref>

<ref name="Herald_2012">{{cite web
| author1= D. Herald
| title= Comet Hale–Bopp C/1995 O1 –  observed tonite
| publisher= Yahoo Groups
| url= http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/comets-ml/message/19755
| date= 7 August 2012
| access-date= 9 August 2012
| archive-date= 5 January 2013
| archive-url=https://archive.today/20130105121110/http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/comets-ml/message/19755
| url-status= dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="IAUC_6187">{{cite journal
| author1= D. W. Green
| title= Comet 1995 O1
| url= http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/06100/06187.html
| journal= International Astronomical Union Circular
| volume= 6187
| date= 23 July 1997 }}
</ref>

<ref name="IAUC_6198">{{cite web
| author1= B. G. Marsden
| title= Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
| url= http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/06100/06198.html
| journal= International Astronomical Union Circular
| volume= 6198
| date= 2 August 1995
| access-date= 5 July 2011 }}
</ref>

<ref name="ICQ2">{{cite web
| author1= J. E. Bortle
| title= The Bright Comet Chronicles
| url= http://www.icq.eps.harvard.edu/bortle.html
| website= International Comet Quarterly
| year= 1998
| access-date= 16 November 2024 }}
</ref>

<ref name="ICQ3">{{cite web
| title= Brightest comets seen since 1935
| url= http://www.icq.eps.harvard.edu/brightest.html
| website= International Comet Quarterly
| access-date= 2 December 2024 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Jewitt_1999">{{cite journal
| author1= D. C. Jewitt
| author2= H. Matthews
| title= Particulate Mass Loss from Comet Hale–Bopp
| journal= The Astronomical Journal
| year= 1999
| volume= 117
| issue= 2
| pages= 1056–1062
| bibcode= 1999AJ....117.1056J
| s2cid= 120740179
| doi= 10.1086/300743
| doi-access= free }}
</ref>

<ref name="jpl1">{{cite web
| title= C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup
| url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=1995O1
| website= ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
| publisher= [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
| access-date= 18 September 2022 }}
</ref>

<ref name="jpl2">{{cite web
| author1= D. K. Yeomans
| title= Great Comets of History
| url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sb/great_comets.html
| website= ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
| publisher= [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
| access-date= 17 June 2014 }}
</ref>

<ref name="jpl3">{{cite web
| author1= L. Stiles
| title= Eugene Shoemaker Ashes Carried on Lunar Prospector
| url= https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/sl9/news82.html
| website= solarsystem.nasa.gov
| publisher= [[NASA]]
| date= 6 January 1998
| access-date= 24 February 2025 }}
</ref>

<ref name="jpl4">{{cite web 
| title= Bergeron Comet Hale–Bopp Animation
| url= http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/comet/anim30.html
| work= Stardust
| publisher= [[NASA]] / [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory|JPL]]
| access-date= 14 October 2008 }}
</ref>

<ref name="jpl5">{{cite web 
| title= Comet Hale–Bopp 
| url= http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/science/hb.html
| work= Stardust
| publisher= [[NASA]] / [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory|JPL]]
| date= 26 November 2003
| access-date= 9 October 2008 }}
</ref>

<ref name="jpl1996">{{cite web
| title= JPL SBDB Epoch 1996
| url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?soln=J971A%2F1&sstr=Hale-Bopp&cad=1
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210730214105/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?soln=J971A%2F1&sstr=Hale-Bopp&cad=1 
| archive-date= 30 July 2021
| url-status= dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="Kayukin_2023">{{Cite web
| author1= D. Kayukin
| title= Album "Comet 97 – EP"
| url= https://music.apple.com/ru/album/comet-97-ep/1701985200
| publisher= Apple Music
| date= 4 August 2023
| access-date= 31 January 2024 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Kidger_1996">{{cite journal
| author1= M. R. Kidger
| author2= M. Serra-Ricart
| author3= L. R. Bellot-Rubio
| author4= R. Casas
| title= Evolution of a Spiral Jet in the Inner Coma of Comet Hale-Bopp (1995 O1)
| journal= The Astrophysical Journal Letters
| year= 1996
| volume= 461
| issue= 2
| pages= L119–L122
| bibcode= 1996ApJ...461L.119K
| s2cid= 121572975
| doi= 10.1086/310008
| doi-access= free }}
</ref>

<ref name="Kidger_1997">{{cite web
| author1= M. R. Kidger
| title= Comet Hale–Bopp Light Curve
| url= http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/comet/news66.html
| website= jpl.nasa.gov
| publisher= [[NASA]] / [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory|JPL]]
| date= 3 April 1997
| access-date= 24 November 2008
| archive-date= 7 April 2023
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230407204015/https://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/comet/news66.html
| url-status= dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="Kidger_2004">{{cite journal 
| author1= M. R. Kidger
| author2= G. Hurst
| author3= N. James
| title= The Visual Light Curve Of C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp) From Discovery To Late 1997
| journal= Earth, Moon, and Planets
| year= 2004
| volume= 78
| issue= 1–3
| pages= 169–177
| bibcode= 1997EM&P...78..169K
| s2cid= 120776226
| doi= 10.1023/A:1006228113533 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Krasnopolsky_1997">{{cite journal
| author1= V. A. Krasnopolsky
| author2= M. J. Mumma
| author3= M. Abbott
| author4= B. C. Flynn
| author5= K. J. Meech
| author6= D. K. Yeomans
| author7= P. D. Feldman
| author8= C. B. Cosmovici
| display-authors= 4
| title= Detection of Soft X-rays and a Sensitive Search for Noble Gases in Comet Hale–Bopp (C/1995 O1)
| url= https://zenodo.org/record/1231120
| journal=Science
| year= 1997
| volume= 277
| issue= 5331
| pages= 1488–1491
| bibcode= 1997Sci...277.1488K
| pmid=9278508
| doi= 10.1126/science.277.5331.1488 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Marchis_1999">{{cite journal 
| author1= F. Marchis
| author2= H. Boehnhardt
| author3= O. R. Hainaut
| author4= D. Le Mignant
| title= Adaptive optics observations of the innermost coma of C/1995 O1. Are there a "Hale" and a "Bopp" in comet Hale–Bopp?
| url= http://aa.springer.de/papers/9349003/2300985.pdf
| journal= Astronomy & Astrophysics
| volume= 349
| pages= 985–995
| bibcode= 1999A&A...349..985M
| year= 1999
| access-date = 29 October 2008
| archive-date = 31 October 2008
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081031064051/http://aa.springer.de/papers/9349003/2300985.pdf
| url-status = dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="Marsden_1997">{{cite journal
| author1= B. G. Marsden
| title= Orbit Determination and Evolution of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
| journal= Earth, Moon, and Planets
| year= 1997
| volume= 79
| issue= 1
| pages= 3–15
| bibcode= 1997EM&P...79....3M
| s2cid= 121368997
| doi= 10.1023/A:1006268813208 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Mason_2001">{{cite journal
| author1= C. G. Mason
| author2= R. D. Gehrz
| author3= T. J. Jones
| author4= C. E. Woodward
| author5= M. S. Hanner
| author6= D. M. Williams
| display-authors= 3
| title= Observations of Unusually Small Dust Grains in the Coma of Comet Hale–Bopp C/1995 O1
| journal= The Astrophysical Journal
| year= 2001
| volume= 549
| issue= 1
| pages= 635–646
| bibcode= 2001ApJ...549..635M
| doi= 10.1086/319039
| doi-access= free }}
</ref>

<ref name="McCarthy_2007">{{cite journal
| author1= D. W. McCarthy
| author2= S. Stolovy
| author3= H. Campins
| author4= S. Larson
| author5= N. Samarasinha
| author6= S. Kern
| display-authors= 3
| title= Comet Hale–Bopp in outburst: Imaging the dynamics of icy particles with HST/NICMOS
| year= 2007
| journal= Icarus
| volume= 189
| issue= 1
| pages= 184–195
| bibcode= 2007Icar..189..184M
| doi= 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.01.019 }}
</ref>

<ref name="McGee_1997">{{cite journal
| author1= H. W. McGee
| author2= P. Poitevin
| title= The Total Solar Eclipse of 9 March 1997
| journal= Journal of the British Astronomical Association
| year= 1997
| volume= 107
| issue= 3
| pages= 112–113 
| bibcode= 1997JBAA..107..112M }}
</ref>

<ref name="Meier_1999">{{cite journal
| author1= R. Meier
| author2= T. C. Owen
| title= Cometary Deuterium
| journal= Space Science Reviews
| year= 1999
| volume= 90
| issue= 1–2
| pages= 33–43
| bibcode= 1999SSRv...90...33M
| s2cid= 34317575
| pmid= 11543290
| doi= 10.1023/A:1005269208310 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Mobberley_2013">{{cite book
| author1= M. Mobberley
| title= It Came From Outer Space Wearing an RAF Blazer!: A Fan's Biography of Sir Patrick Moore
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=dfO7BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA483
| publisher= [[Springer Science & Business Media|Springer]]
| year= 2013
| page= 483
| isbn= 978-3-319-00609-3 }}
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<ref name="Morrison_2008">{{cite web
| author1= D. Morrison
| title= The Myth of Nibiru and the End of the World in 2012
| url= http://www.csicop.org/si/2008-05/morrison.html
| publisher= Skeptical Inquirer
| date= May 2008
| access-date= 28 April 2009
| archive-date= 21 April 2009
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090421022039/http://www.csicop.org/si/2008-05/morrison.html
| url-status= dead }}
</ref>

<ref name="MPEC_1995-P01">{{cite web
| author1= B. G. Marsden
| title= MPEC 1995-P01 : Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
| url= https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/J95/J95P01.html
| website= www.minorplanetcenter.net
| publisher= [[Minor Planet Center]]
| date= 1 August 1995
| access-date= 9 January 2025 }}
</ref>

<ref name="MPEC_2022-S20">{{cite web
| author1= A. U. Tomatic
| title= MPEC 2022-S20 : Observations and Orbits of Comets and A/ Objects
| url= https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22S20.html
| website= www.minorplanetcenter.net
| publisher= [[Minor Planet Center]]
| date= 18 September 2022
| access-date= 25 February 2025 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Newcott_1997">{{cite web
| author1= W. Newcott
| title= The Age of Comets
| url= http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/comets-age.html
| work= [[National Geographic Society]]
| date= December 1997
| access-date = 7 December 2009
| archive-date = August 29, 2017
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170829081936/http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/comets-age.html
| url-status= dead
| quote= Nobody sends telegrams anymore... }}
</ref>

<ref name="NK1553">{{cite web
| author1= S. Nakano
| title= OAA computing section circular NK 1553
| url= http://www.oaa.gr.jp/~oaacs/nk/nk1553.htm
| publisher= OAA Computing and Minor Planet Sections
| date= 12 February 2008
| access-date= 17 December 2009 }}
</ref>

<ref name="NYT-19970309">{{cite news
| author1= M. R. Browne
| title= Comet Holds Clues to Birth of Time
| url= https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/09/us/comet-holds-clues-to-birth-of-time.html
| work= [[The New York Times]]
| date= 9 March 1997 }}
</ref>

<ref name="NYT-19970328">{{cite news
| author1= G. Johnson
| title= Comets Breed Fear, Fascination and Web Sites
| url= https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/28/us/comets-breed-fear-fascination-and-web-sites.html
| work= [[The New York Times]]
| date= 28 March 1997
| access-date= 27 September 2009 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Robinson_2006">{{cite journal
| author1= W. G. Robinson
| title= Heaven's Gate: The End
| url= http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol3/issue3/robinson.html
| journal = Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
| volume= 3
| issue= 3
| year = 2006
| doi= 10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00077.x }}
</ref>

<ref name="Rodgers_2001">{{cite journal
| author1= S. D. Rodgers
| author2= S. B. Charnley
| title= Organic synthesis in the coma of Comet Hale–Bopp?
| journal= Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| year= 2002
| volume= 320
| issue= 4 
| pages= L61–L64
| bibcode= 2001MNRAS.320L..61R
| doi= 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04208.x
| doi-access= free }}
</ref>

<ref name="sciam-19970317">{{cite magazine
| title= The Trail of Hale–Bopp
| url= http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=the-trail-of-hale-bopp
| magazine= Scientific American
| date= 17 March 1997
| access-date= 23 October 2008 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Sekanina_1997a">{{cite journal
| author1= Z. Sekanina
| title= Detection of a Satellite orbiting the Nucleus of Comet Hale–Bopp (C/1995 O1)
| journal= Earth, Moon, and Planets
| publisher= European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere
| year= 1997
| volume= 77
| issue= 3
| pages= 155–163
| s2cid= 122481110
| bibcode= 1997EM&P...77..155S
| doi= 10.1023/A:1006230712665 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Sekanina_1997b">{{cite journal
| author1= Z. Sekanina
| title= The problem of split comets revisited
| journal= Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
| year= 1997
| volume= 318
| pages= L5–L8
| bibcode= 1997A&A...318L...5S }}
</ref>

<ref name="Shanklin_2000">{{cite journal
| author1= J. D. Shanklin
| title= The Comets of 1995
| journal= Journal of the British Astronomical Association
| year= 2000
| volume= 110
| issue= 6
| page= 311
| bibcode= 2000JBAA..110..311S }}
</ref>

<ref name="Shylaja_1997">{{cite journal 
| author1= B. S. Shylaja
| title= What's New With Hale Bopp?
| journal= Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India
| volume= 25
| pages= 155–156
| year= 1997
| bibcode= 1997BASI...25..155S }}
</ref>

<ref name="Space.com1">{{cite web
| author1= N. T. Tillman
| title= Nibiru: The Nonexistent Planet
| url= https://www.space.com/15551-nibiru.html
| website= Space.com
| date= 4 December 2018
| access-date= 17 July 2020 }}
</ref>

<ref name="Stern_2000">{{cite journal
| author1= A. Stern
| author2= D. C. Slater
| author3= M. C. Festou
| author4= J. W. Parker
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| date= 10 April 1997
| access-date= 23 October 2008}}
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}}